The document discusses the origins and escalation of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union after World War II. It outlines several key events that heightened tensions, including the Truman Doctrine providing military aid to Greece and Turkey, the Marshall Plan offering economic support to Western Europe, George Kennan's "X Article" outlining the policy of containment of Soviet influence, and the formation of NATO in 1949 as a military alliance among Western countries. The Soviet Union responded by forming the Warsaw Pact alliance with Eastern European countries.

2. After today’s lesson, students will be able to…
 Explain the origins of the Cold War and discuss how it was
heightened.
Essential Skill:
 Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions

3.  Truman Doctrine
 Aid free people against “armed
minorities and outside forces”/
Greece & Turkey
 Marshall Plan
 Economic aid to W. Europe/military
presence
 Kennan’s X-Article
 Containment
 NSC-68
 Containment/military build-up

4.  Destroy Germany (revenge)
 Dominate Eastern European border
states (satellite countries)
 Increase economic and political
influence through forced spread of
communism

8. The core provision of the treaty states:
 The parties agree that an unarmed attack against one or more of
them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack
against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an
armed attack occurs, each of them…will assist the Party or
Parties so attacked by taking…such action as it deems necessary,
including the use of armed forces, to restore and maintain the
security of the North Atlantic area

9. NATO
 Defense alliance among U.S.
and Europe (still exists)
Warsaw Pact:
 Defense alliance among Soviet
Union and its satellite
governments in Eastern
Europe

10. Consider the Soviet reaction to this American/European
treaty?
 Is there reaction justified?
 Why or why not?

12. United States
Belgium
Britain
Canada
Denmark
France
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Greece & Turkey (1952)
West Germany (1955)
Spain (1983)

13. U.S.S.R.
Albania
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Hungary
Poland
Romania

14. 1. Label the countries of post-WWII Europe
2. Create a key and color-code your map
 One Color = NATO Countries
 One Color = Warsaw Pact Countries
 One Color = Non-aligned Countries

16.  When was NATO established? The Warsaw Pact?
 Why did the Allied Powers divided Germany after WWII? Was
this division permanent?
 Would you respond to the Berlin Blockade similarly to
Truman? What factors influenced your decision?
 What were NATO and the Warsaw Pact?
 Looking at the map, why do you think they were organized in
this manor?
 Why might a country choose not to join?
 How do these two agreements help represent the division of
the Cold War?