The first Americans crossed into North America from Asia over a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska during the last ice age approximately 30,000 years ago. As the climate warmed, glaciers melted and sea levels rose, covering the land bridge. Some animal species like mammoths died off during this period of climate change. Native Americans adapted to their new environments across North America by developing different cultures, languages, tools and ways of life suited to the varied natural resources of places like the Northwest Coast, Great Plains, California and Eastern Woodlands. They shared some common traits like believing nature had spirits, not owning land, only using needed resources, and participating in trade.

1. America In The Beginning Who were the first Americans? This land bridge is known as _____beringia_____. Animals like mammoths crossed the bridge or _____migrated______ to the America's. This caused ocean levels to _____drop___ and expose _____land_____. In the Bering straight a _______land bridge________ appeared connecting _________Asia & America______. _______________ 30,000 years ago During a period of low temperatures called an ______ice age____. The world was covered in glacier_. or sheets of ice. How and why did they come here?

2. America In The Beginning What happened when they came to America? The ice age ended ______warming______ up glaciers causing water levels to ____rise______ covering up the _____land bridge____ ________. Some animals died off like ____mammoth________. Living in many different parts of the Americas the Natives needed to adjust or ___adapt______ to every thing in the new surrounds that made up each of their own _______environments______ in order to _____survive_____. How did they meet their new needs? Hunter's in Asia who moved from place to place to find food or ______nomads_______ followed the mammoths and spread out or _____migrated______ to the America's

3. How did Native Americans adjust to the new environments? America In The Beginning Different groups in different environments developed their own beliefs and ways of life or _______culture________. Groups in the same environments adapted similar life styles, and language creating __cultural region___ _________. Many Native American have these things in common. 1. Nature has a _spirit & believed in many gods_______. 2. No one can own _____land_____. 3. Only use what is _____needed_____. 4. ____Trade______ was important to most societies Living in many different parts of the Americas the Natives used the different natural ____resources_______ in their own different environments for food, clothing, and shelter. What did they have in common?

4. 8 Cultural Regions California Great Basin Great Plains South East North West Coast Plateau Eastern Woodlands South West

5. 8 Cultural Regions

7. North West Coast Weather: long cold winters cool summers heavy rainfall Natural Resources: ocean/beaches thick forests of fir, spruce, and cedar rugged mountains seafood/salmon deer, moose, bear, elk, beaver, mountain goats

8. California Weather: rainy winters hot dry summers Natural Resources: ocean/coast foothills valley's deserts mountains acorns, oak trees grass, and plants redwood trees salmon/seafood/shellfish deer, rabbits, ducks, roots berries, pine nuts

9. Great Basin Weather: little rain hot during the day cold at night Natural Resources: mostly dessert low areas surrounded by mountains at the edges with valleys that had seasonal lakes and streams plants that need little water like grasses, sagebrush, pinon trees, at the outer edges pine trees, and willow small animals rabbits, lizards, grasshoppers, snakes sometimes ducks , duck eggs during certain seasons seeds,berries pine nuts, roots, cattail

10. Plateau Weather: long cold winters comfortable summers Natural Resources: mountains with dense forests in areas flatter in the center with drier grass lands rivers driftwood, mud, dirt, grass and sage brush fish, antelope, deer, seeds onions, carrots, camas roots, salmon

11. Great Plains Weather: cold winters hot summers Natural Resources: mountains surrounding edges treeless grasslands in the center east more water and softer soil west drier dense grass Buffalo and smaller animals

12. South West Weather: high temperatures little rain dry/arid Natural Resources: mountains, canyons desserts, flat top mesas rivers, little water clay, brightly colored plants, cotton corn, beans, squash, peppers, rabbits

13. Eastern Woodlands Weather: snowy winters , rain Natural Resources: rivers, ocean/coast lots of lakes and streams Forests, plants, maple trees, elm, deer, bears, beavers, birds, fish corn, sunflowers, tobacco, vegetables, nuts, berries

14. South East Weather: long warm humid summers mild winters Natural Resources: rivers, ocean/coast Fertile coastal plains mountains, swamps Trees, clay, shells, corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, sunflowers, sweet potatoes squirrels, rabbits, turkeys, deer, alligators, turtles, wild rice, persimmons