The Role of Policy in Financing Renewable Energy in Development Nigeria
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The Role of Policy in Financing Renewable Energy in Development Nigeria
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The Role of Policy in Financing Renewable Energy in Development Nigeria
- 2. Context
- 3. Outline • Background • What is embedded generation (EG)? • Why EG? • Technology options for EG • Global EG Status • Components of a successful EG regime • RE based EG in Nigeria • Conclusions
- 4. Background: Power Grid Source: en.wikipedia.org Utility scale generators Transmission grid Distribution grid Consumer (Industry) Consumers (Homes)
- 5. Source: en.wikipedia.org Background: Power Grid
- 6. What is EG? • Definition: Power generation embedded within a distribution network • EG also called: Distributed generation Decentralised generation • EG is not a new phenomenon. It preceded centralised systems Utility scale generators Transmission grid Distribution grid Consumer (Industry) Consumers (Homes)
- 7. Why EG? • Reduced need for large-scale generators • EGs not necessarily more expensive (scale economy, less permits required) • EGs are quicker to deploy • Reduced need for transmission infrastructure/losses • Increased system reliability/resilience • Supply and demand matching • Reduced need for peaking plants • Creates more jobs (SME development)
- 8. Options for EG • Conventional technologies • Primary fossils (Gas/Oil/Coal) • Diesel • Hydro • New Alternatives • Solar • Wind • Biomass • CHP • Tri-generation Source: cleanenergytransmission.org
- 9. More about RE… • RE is better suited to EG for some key reasons: • scalability • location flexibility • environmentally sustainable • RE technologies are now established and reliable • RE is increasingly price competitive Source: www.fermeng.ie
- 10. More about RE..
- 13. Issues in RE-EG • Intermittence • PV and wind cannot be used as base load (but bioenergy and hydro can) • Upfront cost • Especially with storage
- 14. EG Status: Global 220 165 110 55 0 EG Capacity (GW) 2000 2012 2020 Investment (Billion 250 200 150 100 50 0 USD) 2000 2012 2020 Share of Capacity 50 37.5 25 12.5 0 (%) 2000 2012 2020
- 15. Components of successful EG regime EG success Market/pricing Standards/c odes Incentives Net metering Tech Infrastructure support Smart grids
- 16. Case for RE-EG in Nigeria • Reduced need/urgency for large-scale generators • Reduced need for transmission infrastructure/losses • Increasing cost of alternatives • Encourage adoption of smart grids • Increased local economic development (SME involvement)
- 17. EG Status: Nigeria • EG not a success by any means • It is however now receiving attention under the new power sector reforms • Aggreko • Few examples of RE developers • Protergia
- 18. EG regulations in Nigeria • Regulations for Embedded Generation 2012 • Regulations for Captive generations 2012 • New regulations for procurement of generation capacity 2014 (exemptions for <10MW) • Distribution Code v01
- 19. RE Development in Nigeria Targets (MW) Now Short Term 2013-2015 Medium Term 2016-2020 Long Term 2021-2030 Hydro (large) 1938 4000 9000 11,250 Hydro (small) 60 15 100 760 3,500 Solar PV 15 300 4000 30, 005 Solar Thermal 300 2,136 18,127 Biomass 5 30 100 Wind 10 23 40 50 All 2010 4,625 88,698 315,158
- 20. RE Potential • Solar potential: good to great • Wind: Poor to very good • Biomass • Energy crops: great • Waste: great • Hydro: great
- 22. Main challenges • Lack of policy support/certainty • Lack of awareness • Lack of accurate data on resource potential
- 23. A vision for the future • Smart grids • Integrated energy systems It is possible!
- 24. Way forward • Stakeholder consultation • Resource assessment • Grid capacity assessment • Market interventions to reduce transactional costs • Standards and regulations • Coherent Industry lobby • Raising awareness • Skills transfer
Editor's Notes
- *Look for more graphical representation Generators usually far from habitations
- Find pictorial representation
- for LED, draw analogy with pure water industry (ie technology proliferation) Include pic?
- RE NOT a marginal technology anymore
- Include pics of RE project to show scale
- Get table of EG penetration in various countries -include China (conventional v renewable) -include SA and Tanzania, etc 145 GW projected by 2015 Germany: 85 GW China: 13 GW (2014) RE investment now outstrips conventional power plants
- Tech support: e.g. resource maps, etc
- Get news clubs of govt support for EG
- Implementation status: Slow, see table Market interest: Ever increasing, especially from global investors Regulations/Policy: A bit slow to catch up with global best practice
- Any IRENA studies to quantify potential? Wind at deep offshore?
- Resource re-assessment (some data from some sources on Nigeria are inaccurate (e.g. Lahmeyer International on wind power classification, and some internet data on solar and wind power potential))
- Include pic of smart grids including hydrogen economy