N.A.Z Bagladesh Ltd. Internship Report.pdf

Industrial Training Report on
N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
Submitted by
Sazzat Hossan Shishir
ID: 201-050-801
Department of Textile Engineering (TE)
BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology (BUFT)
March, 2024
This internship report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
B.Sc. in Textile Engineering (TE) in the faculty of Textile Engineering of of BGMEA
University of Fashion & Technology (BUFT).

Submitted To
Department of Textile Engineering
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Textile
Engineering.
Supervised by
Farhana Afroz
Assistant Professor,
Department of Textile Engineering, BUFT
Department of Textile Engineering (TE)
March, 2024
Industrial Training Report on
N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
Submitted by
ID: 201-050-801

i
March, 2024
Farhana Afroz
Assistant Professor,
Department of Textile Engineering,
Nishatnagar, Turag, Dhaka.
Subject: Submission of Internship Report.
Dear Ma’am,
I am extremely indebted for your tremendous support and guidance throughout our internship
period at “N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. (NZ Group)”. Being working with you, I have earned valuable
knowledge and were inspired by your innovativeness, which helped enrich my experience to a
greater extent. An internship report on " N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.” is submitted to you for the partial
fulfillment of the Bachelor of Science in Textile Engineering Degree.
During my internship period, I have trained in major departments of “N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.” I
made sincere efforts to study related materials, observe operations performed in Knitting, Dyeing,
Garments & Merchandising which are the sources of collected data to prepare the present report
on Textile Engineering.
I have to make this report as comprehensive as possible within the time limit. But there may be
some mistakes due to various limitations. For this reason, I beg your sympathetic consideration.
Finally, I pray for your blessing for my successful engineering career.
Thank You
Yours Faithfully
ID: 201-050-801
Letter Of Transmittal

ii
The internship report on “N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.” is submitted by Sazzat Hossan Shishir, ID:
201-050-801. The report is accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the degree of B.Sc. in Textile Engineering.
Supervisor:
Farhana Afroz
Assistant Professor
Examiner 1:
Taslima Ahmed Tamanna
Assistant Professor
Examiner 2:
Dr. Nazia Muhsin
Assistant Professor & Head
Department of Industrial Engineering, BUFT
Declaration of Examiners
Signature
Board of Examiners
Name

iii
First, I would like to thank Almighty Allah for giving me the strength and ability to complete the
industrial training and write this report. Several people have made significant contributions to
completing my training successfully. Their advice and suggestions helped me a lot.
Thanks go to my organization Supervisor Md. Sumon Howlader, Manager - HR & Admin and
other official staff of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. for unbelievable support.
I extend special thanks to my enthusiastic supervisor Farhana Afroz, Assistant Professor, Faculty
of Textile Engineering, BUFT, has been an amazing experience and I thanks her wholeheartedly,
not only for that this tremendous academic support, but also giving me so many wonderful
opportunities.
I would like to express my special thanks to Prof. Dr. Engr. Abu Bakr Siddique, Dean, Faculty
of Textile Engineering, BUFT, and Mr. Dr. Ranajit Kumar Nag, Head, Faculty of Textile
Engineering, BUFT. Their generous inspiration and contributions were instrumental in the
successful completion of this project."
Special thanks go to our enthusiastic Prof. Dr. Engr. Ayub Nabi Khan, Pro Vice Chancellor,
BUFT. Prof. Dr. S.M. Mahfuzur Rahman, Vice Chancellor, BUFT. BGMEA University of
Fashion & Technology (BUFT), for their Encouragement and valuable suggestions for continual
improvement of the report.
I would like to extend thanks to Honorable Chairman, Board of Trustees Mr. Shafiul Islam
Mohiuddin, MP, BUFT, for not only for this tremendous Academic support, but also for giving
us so many wonderful opportunities and logistic supports to do this project.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

iv
I performed my internship from “N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. concern of NZ Group.” This is placed on
5, Bishya Kuribari, Mirzapur, Gazipur-1700, Bangladesh. “N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd” is a knit
composite factory in Bangladesh. This factory is served for different world class buyers. This is
100% export oriented knit composite factory.
Industrial training offers the students with important practical knowledge and skills and encourage
them in becoming a successful and best professional engineer. The main objectives of the industrial
training are to provide the best and relevant theoretical knowledge to gain in a particular time
period. This industry has different section like Knitting, Dyeing & Printing, Garments & Finishing.
All of those section helps me to gather knowledge by which we can compare my theoretical study
with practical work. By this industrial training we got a clear picture about knitting, Dyeing,
Finishing, Printing, Garments, Finishing and also have clear idea about this job. By this industrial
training I know about different types of challenges face an Engineer and how to overcome this.
This is the realistic knowledge which help us to our future career.
This training provides the liability for real life work and internships to choose the career options
with different work environments and publicity to the latest technologies that are currently being
used by an important and relevant industry.
Executive Summary

v
Letter Of Transmittal.................................................................................................................... i
Declaration of Examiners............................................................................................................. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...........................................................................................................iii
Executive Summary..................................................................................................................... iv
Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................... v
List of Figures............................................................................................................................... ix
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. x
Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 The Background of Internship............................................................................................... 1
1.3 The Objectives of Internship................................................................................................. 1
Chapter 2: General Information of the Factory ........................................................................ 2
2.1 General Introduction of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.................................................................... 2
2.2 Project Profile........................................................................................................................ 3
2.2.1 Yearly Turnover ............................................................................................................. 4
2.3 Founders and Directors ......................................................................................................... 4
2.4 Vision & Mission of the Company ....................................................................................... 4
2.5 Location and Site plan of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd................................................................. 5
2.6 Different type of Departments............................................................................................... 6
Chapter 3: Manpower Management........................................................................................... 7
3.1 Organogram........................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Organogram of Knitting Department.................................................................................... 8
3.4 Responsibilities & Job Description..................................................................................... 10
Chapter 04: Product & Raw Material ...................................................................................... 11
4.1 Different Types of Fabric Produced In N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.......................................... 11
4.1.1 Different Types of Knitted Fabric ................................................................................ 12
4.2 Raw Materials for Knitting ................................................................................................. 15
4.2.1 Types of yarn used and count....................................................................................... 15
Chapter 5: Machine Description ............................................................................................... 16
5.1 Layout of Knitting Department........................................................................................... 16
Table of Contents

vi
5.2 Knitting Section Machine Description................................................................................ 17
5.2.1 Flat Bed Machine Specification ................................................................................... 20
5.3 Layout of Dyeing and Finishing Section............................................................................. 20
5.4 List of Dyeing Machine and their Specification ................................................................. 20
5.5 Finishing Section Machine Description.............................................................................. 23
5.6 Layout of Cutting, Sewing and Finishing Section .............................................................. 25
5.7 Sewing Section Machine Description ................................................................................. 26
5.8 Testing Lab Machine Description....................................................................................... 27
Chapter 6: Production Planning and Sequence and Operation............................................. 28
6.1 Knitting................................................................................................................................ 28
6.1.1 Types of Knitting.......................................................................................................... 28
6.2 Circular Knitting Section .................................................................................................... 29
6.2.1 Basic Elements of Knitting........................................................................................... 29
6.2.2 Different Parts of a Circular Knitting Machine............................................................ 30
6.3 Terms and Definition of Knitting........................................................................................ 34
6.4 Yarn Path Diagram of a Circular Knitting Machine ........................................................... 35
6.5 Process Flow Chart of Knitting........................................................................................... 36
6.6 Production Calculation Formula in Knitting....................................................................... 37
6.7 Batching .............................................................................................................................. 38
6.7.1 Process Sequence of Batch Preparation for Dyeing..................................................... 38
6.8 Lab Dip................................................................................................................................ 39
6.8.1 Procedure of Lab dip formation.................................................................................... 39
6.9 Introduction to Dyeing ........................................................................................................ 40
6.9.1 Factors that Affect Dyeing ........................................................................................... 40
6.9.2 Dyeing Process of knit fabric for White Shade............................................................ 41
6.9.3 Dyeing Process of knit fabric (CVC 60/40) for Khaki Shade...................................... 42
6.10 Process of Fabric Finishing............................................................................................... 45
6.11 Fabric Cutting.................................................................................................................... 46
6.11.1 Process Flow-chart of Cutting.................................................................................... 46
6.12 Process of Sewing Section ................................................................................................ 47
6.13 Industrial Engineering (IE)................................................................................................ 48
6.13.1 Daily Responsibilities of an Industrial Engineer........................................................ 48

vii
6.13.2 SMV (standard minute value)..................................................................................... 49
6.13.3 Formula of Production Floor...................................................................................... 49
6.14 Garments Finishing ........................................................................................................... 50
6.14.1 Things Checked in Final Inspection........................................................................... 50
6.14.2 Process flowchart of garments finishing section........................................................ 50
6.15 Process Flow chart of Merchandising Department ........................................................... 51
Chapter 7: Quality Management System ................................................................................. 52
7.1 Quality management procedure .......................................................................................... 52
7.2 Quality standard (ISO, OEKO-TEX, GOTS etc.)............................................................... 52
7.3 Fabric Inspection System (4-Point System)........................................................................ 53
7.3.1 Calculation of Total Points per yards ........................................................................... 53
7.4 Quality Testing at N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd........................................................................... 54
7.4.1 Different Types of tests in testing lab........................................................................... 54
Chapter 8: Maintenance............................................................................................................. 55
8.1 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................ 55
8.2 Objective of Maintenance ................................................................................................... 55
8.3 Operation involved in Maintenance.................................................................................... 55
8.3.1 Setting........................................................................................................................... 55
8.3.2 Checking....................................................................................................................... 55
8.3.3 Repairing ...................................................................................................................... 55
8.3.4 Overhauling .................................................................................................................. 55
8.4 Type of Maintenance........................................................................................................... 56
8.4.1 Reactive/Break-down Maintenance.............................................................................. 56
8.4.2 Preventive/Schedule Maintenance................................................................................ 56
8.4.3 Predictive/Planned Maintenance .................................................................................. 56
8.5 Maintenance Procedure....................................................................................................... 56
Chapter 9: Utilities...................................................................................................................... 57
9.1. Utility Services in N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. ........................................................................ 57
9.2. Machine Specification........................................................................................................ 57
9.3 Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) .......................................................................................... 58
9.3.1 Layout of ETP Plant ..................................................................................................... 58
9.3.2 Process of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP).................................................................. 59

viii
Chapter 10: Procurement/Inventory Management................................................................ 60
10.1 Fabric Store ....................................................................................................................... 60
10.2 Scope of Inventory Control............................................................................................... 60
10.3 Fabric Store process Flowchart:........................................................................................ 61
Chapter 11: Marketing Activities.............................................................................................. 62
11.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 62
11.2 Marketing Strategy............................................................................................................ 62
11.3 Functions of Marketing..................................................................................................... 62
11.4 Responsibilities of a Merchandiser ................................................................................... 63
11.5 List of Present Buyers ....................................................................................................... 64
Chapter 12: Social and Environmental Information............................................................... 66
12.1 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)............................................................................. 66
12.2 Compliance in N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.............................................................................. 66
12.3 Environment Management System of PCTL .................................................................... 67
Chapter 13: SWOT Analysis..................................................................................................... 68
13.1 Strength ............................................................................................................................. 68
13.2 Weakness........................................................................................................................... 68
13.3 Opportunity ....................................................................................................................... 68
13.4 Threat ................................................................................................................................ 68
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 69

ix
Fig 2.1: N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. 2
Fig 2.5: Site location of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. 5
Fig 3.1: Manpower Organogram 7
Fig 3.2: Organogram of Knitting Department. 8
Fig 3.3: Organogram of Dyeing Section 9
Fig 5.1: Layout of Knitting Floor. (N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.) 16
Fig 5.2.1 Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine 17
Fig 5.2.2: Double Jersey Circular Knitting Machine 17
Fig 5.3: Dyeing and Finishing Section (N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.) 20
Fig 4.9: Process Flow Chart of Knitting 23
Fig 5.6: Floor Layout of Cutting, Sewing, Finishing section 25
Fig 6.4: Flow Chart of Yarn Path Diagram 35
Fig 6.5: Process Flow Chart of Knitting 36
Fig 6.10: Process Flow Chart of Finishing Section. 45
Fig 6.11.1: Process Flow Chart of Fabric Cutting 46
Fig 6.12: Process Flow Chart of Sewing Section 47
Fig 9.3: ETP plant Clorifire Tank 58
Fig 10.1: Fabric Warehouse 60
Fig 10.3: Process Flowchart of Fabric Store 61
Fig 13.1: SWOT Analysis 68
List of Figures

x
Table 2.2: General Information of the Factory 3
Table 2.2.1: Yearly Turnover of NZ Group 4
Table 4.1: Fabric Produced in N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. 11
Table 4.2.1: Different types of Yarn with count 15
Table 5.2: List of Knitting Machine and specification in Knitting Floor 18
Table 5.2.1: Machine Brand, Model, Manufacturer name 20
Table 5.4.1: Brand and Specification of various sample dyeing machine 21
Table 5.4.2: Brand and Specification of various Bulk Dyeing machine 22
Table 5.4.3: List of Machines in Chemical Lab 23
Table 5.5.1: Slitting Machine Description 23
Table 5.5.2: Stenter Machine Description 24
Table 5.5.3: Compactor Machine Description 24
Table 5.5.4: Brush Machine Description 24
Table 5.5.5: Shearing Machine Description 25
Table5.7: Specification of Machines in Sewing Section 26
Table5.8: Machine Specification in Textile Testing Lab (N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.) 27
Table 7.3: Four-point Inspection System Penalty Points 53
Table 7.4.1: Different Types of tests 54
Table 9.2: Machine Specification of Utilities 57
Table 11.5: List of present Buyers 64
List of Tables

1
1.1 Introduction
An internship is a practical learning workplace for a certain (temporary) period, it can be
the last semester of academic or work starting of a career. It can be either paid or unpaid.
Nowadays, many garments buying a house offer paid internships for newly graduated
textile engineers. This content is about the Importance of Internship in Textile Engineering.
It is important to learn about the overall department and manufacturing process in assigned
areas. Having practical experience and following up in the different sections and learning
about different process of textile Production. It is the best way of Converting theoretical
knowledge to practical knowledge and where to learn and implement different lean tools,
factory Management and sequences of all task.
1.2 The Background of Internship
The most significant component of the academic curriculum is industrial attachment.
Students are given the opportunity to experience a work environment similar to that seen
in the real world, enabling them to gain comprehension of the entire process. It also
enhances expertise in increasing service productivity. Despite the fact that a university
education gives us access to a wide range of theoretical knowledge as well as a greater
practical attachment, an industrial attachment enables us to become familiar with the
technical support of contemporary machinery and to develop our knowledge of various
process stages.
1.3 The Objectives of Internship
 Converting theoretical knowledge to practical knowledge.
 To get an idea about practical field.
 To understand the technical and managerial procedures of the garment industry.
 To learn about the overall department and manufacturing process in assigned areas.
 Having practical experience and following up in the different sections and learning
about different process.
 To be more familiar with the work requirements and description.
Chapter 1: Introduction

2
2.1 General Introduction of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
NZ Group is a highly reputable and established manufacturing organization in Bangladesh, known
for its knit apparel manufacturing. The company was founded in 1987 by a small family business
named CA Knitwear limited. Today, the company has a workforce of 10,000 employees and has
diversified its product offerings with two other ventures named NAZ Bangladesh limited with the
fully vertical setup and NZ Accessories Ltd. to support its core product.
Whether it is trying to innovative new techniques or discovering cutting edge technology to lead
the industry into a more sustainable future, NAZ Bangladesh Limited is always one step ahead of
the curve.
NZ Group started its journey in the year 1987 and within three decades of time it rapidly became
one of the most advanced group of industries.
NAZ Bangladesh Ltd is a market leader in all thing compliance and sustainability. It follows only
the best practices in every structure they build. Today NAZ Bangladesh Ltd has grown to a
production capability of 1,35,000 Pc/Daily.
The newest addition to NAZ, the NAZ fabric division introduces an innovative technique, which
helps to save 17M Liters of water annually and reduce waste by more than 50%. The division
allows using an environmentally friendly technique or dying and still producing products of the
highest quality.
Chapter 2: General Information of the Factory
Fig 2.1: N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.

3
2.2 Project Profile
Table 2.2: General Information of the Factory
Name of the Factory N.A.Z Bangladesh Limited
Head Office Address
Anannya Shopping Complex (4th Floor) Lane No. 13,
DOHS Baridhara Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh.
Factory Address
5, Bishuya Kuribari, Mirzapur, Gazipur-1700,
Bangladesh.
PABX: 880-2-9289053-4, 0682555126, 0682555129,
0682555078 FAX: 880-2-9289053
Type 100% Export oriented
Legal Form of Company Private Limited Company
Main Activities Manufacturer of all kinds of knitwear
Year of Establishment 1987
Factory Space 9,07,200 sq. ft.
Production Capacity
Knitting-35 M.T/Day,
Dyeing-40 M.T/Day,
Allover Printing Unit (AOP)-300 Ton/Monthly
Chest Printing Unit- 192,000 Pcs/Day
Garments-135,000 pcs/day,
Embroidery- 100 Million Stitches/Day
Machines Knitting -128 Sets of Machine,
Dyeing- 32 Machine, 15 Sampling Machine,
Total Sewing Machines Capacity – 3,600 Sets
Running Machines- 1200 sets
Main Products
All kinds of Knit Fabric & Garments.
T-Shirt, Polo Shirt, Tank tops, Jacket, Trousers,
Bottoms, Hoodies, etc.

4
2.2.1 Yearly Turnover
Year Turnover in Million USD
2016-17 $78.00
2017-18 $84.00
2019-20 $85.00
2020-21 $87.00
2021-22 $120.00
2.3 Founders and Directors
The following is a list of the directors of "N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd."
DESIGNATION Name
Managing Director Nazir-Uddin Ahmed
Chairperson Zulfia Yasmeem
Director Lubana Tarannum Ahmed
Director of Operations Nasif Ahmed
2.4 Vision & Mission of the Company
Vision
Our Vision is to be country’s Leader in innovative apparel technology that will positively impact
people’s lives and environment.
Mission
We strive to provide exceptional products and services while maintaining a commitment to
sustainability, diversity, and ethical business practices that exceed customer expectations, to
maximize value for our stakeholders and contribute to the well-being of society.
Table 2.2.1: Yearly Turnover of NZ Group

5
Values
Our values of integrity, innovation, customer focus, teamwork, accountability, and social
responsibility are at the core of our commitment to providing exceptional service, fostering a
culture of growth, and contributing positively to our communities.
2.5 Location and Site plan of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd
Factory Location: 5, Bishuya Kuribari, Mirzapur, Gazipur-1700, Bangladesh.
PABX: 880-2-9289053-4, 0682555126, 0682555129, 0682555078 FAX: 880-2-9289053
Fig 2.5: Site location of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
Knitting Unit
Sample Unit Dyeing &
Sewing Unit
Printing Unit
Warehouse
Corporate
Building
Total Area:
611,000 Square Feet (Land)
537,000 Square Feet (Building Area)

6
2.6 Different type of Departments
 Knitting Department
 R & D
 Knitting
 Inspection
 Dyeing Department
 Batch Section
 Chemical Lab
 Dyeing
 AOP Section
 Finishing
 QC
 Testing Lab
 Garments Section
 Merchandising
 Sample Section
 Pattern Section
 Cutting Section
 Sewing Section
 Finishing Section
 Sewing Thread Dyeing Unit
 Printing Unit
 Embroidery Unit
 Accessories Unit
 Maintenance Unit
 Electrical
 Mechanical
 Utility
 Electricity
 Boiler
 ETP
 Store Section
 Administration Section
 Marketing Section
 Production Planning & Control
 Human Resource & Development

7
3.1 Organogram
Managing
Director
Executive
Director
Knitting Sr.
Manager
Knitting
Manager
Asst.
Manager
Sr.
Production
Officer
Production
Officer
Asst.
Production
Officer
Dsesign
Master
Incharge
Operator
Helper
Dyeing Sr.
Manager
Dyeing
Manager
Asst
Manager
Sr.
Production
Officer
Production
Officer
Asst
Production
Officer
Shift
Incharge
Operator
Helper
Finishing &
QC Manager
Shift In-
Charge
Q.C
Technician
GM
Marketing
GM
Production
Chapter 3: Manpower Management
Fig 3.1: Manpower Organogram

8
3.2 Organogram of Knitting Department
GM
AGM
Manager
Knitting
Master
Asst. Master
Sr. Fitter
Servicing-5
Shift A
Shift B
Shift C
R&D Sample
Ass.t
Manager
Supervisor
Asst.
Operator
Production
Asst.
Manager
Sr. production
Officer
Floor
In-Charge
Shift A
Production
Officer
Shift
In-Charge
Operator
Shift B
Production
Officer
Shift
In-Charge
Operator
Shift C
Production
Officer
Shift
In-Charge
Operator
Fig 3.2: Organogram of Knitting Department

9
3.3 Organogram of Dyeing Section
GM
AGM
Manager
Dyeing
manager
Asst. manager
Sr. Production
officer
Production
Officer
Floor Incharge
Operator
Helper
Finishing
Manager
Ass.t Manager
Production
Officer
Supervisor
Operator
Helper
QC Manager
Asst. Manager
QC Officer
Officer
QC Controller
Worker
R&D Manager
Asst. Manager
Officer R&D
Supervisor
Lab Assistan
Worker
Fig 3.3: Organogram of Dyeing Section

10
3.4 Responsibilities & Job Description
 Production Officer
Their obligations comprise of planning generation, overseeing generation workers,
checking stock levels, filling orders from deals agents, and directing hardware support.
 Production Manager
The production manager is in charge of planning and organizing the production plan.
Evaluate projects and resource needs. Ensure compliance with health and safety rules.
Establish quality control standards. Estimate budgets and schedules, negotiate and
negotiate with clients and managers.
 Asst. Manager
The assistant manager ensures smooth operations by performing management tasks such
as: B. Planning, inventory management and/or employee performance evaluation. The
industries they belong to can be very different, but he or she bridges the gap between senior
management and employees.
 GM (General Manager)
As the production leader, the General Manager (GM) is ultimately responsible for
productivity, operations, and operational human resource management. GM, DGM, AGM
or Production Manager, whatever is called (based on experience), act as General Manager
and manage the entire production department to manage stock, cut, sew and complete.
 Senior Production Officer
Lead the production staff to propel and create great works. Take part in group gatherings
to talk about generation status and progressing issues. Work together with your generation
group to guarantee cost-effective, high-quality, on-time conveyance of your items
 Production Supervisor
Our obligations incorporate generation coordination, generation laborer supervision, stock
level checking, arrange fulfillment from deals reps, and hardware support oversight.

11
Chapter 04: Product & Raw Material
4.1 Different Types of Fabric Produced In N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
Single Jersey
Single Jersey
Single Jersey (Lycra)
Single Jersey (Singed)]
Single Jersey (Sueded / Ultra Soft)
Stripe Fabric
Slub Fabric
Pique
Pique
Pique (Sueded / Ultra Soft)
Pique Stripe
Interlock
Interlock
Interlock CVC
Interlock Polyester
Mesh Interlock
Rib
Rib
Rib Elastane
Flat Back Rib
Variegated Rib
Jacquard Rib
2x2, 5x2, 3x2 Elastane Rib
Fleece
Fleece
Fleece (Inside Brush)
Pollar Fleece
Terry
Loop Back Terry
Diagonal Fleece
Terry Fleece
French Terry
Lacoste
Lacoste
Lacoste Stripe
Table 4.1: Fabric Produced in N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.

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4.1.1 Different Types of Knitted Fabric
1. Single Jersey
1. 1x1 Lycra Rib (Full Feeder)
Design Notation Cam Arrangement Needle Arrangement
Face Back
Face Back

13
3. Plain Interlock
4. Pique
Design Notation Cam Arrangement Needle Arrangement
Face Back

14
5. Single Lacoste
6. Fleece
Face Back
Face Back

15
4.2 Raw Materials for Knitting
To fulfill buyer requirement and to produce high quality and world class product, N.A.Z.
Bangladesh Ltd. Always tries their best to use better quality yarn. Some of the yarns and their
source of yarn are used in N.A.Z. Bangladesh Ltd. Are given below:
 Local 90%
 Other 10%
4.2.1 Types of yarn used and count
Types of Yarn Yarn Composition Yarn Count (Ne)
Combed Yarn 100% Cotton 10s,16s,24s,28s,30s,32s,34s
Carded Yarn 100% Cotton 26s,34s,36s,40s
CVC
60% Cotton + 40%
Polyester
20s,24s,30s,32s
80% Cotton + 20%
Polyester
18s,26s,30s
PC
50% Polyester + 50%
Cotton
20s,24s,26s
Grey Melange
95% Cotton + 5%
Viscose
26s,28s,32,34s
90% Cotton + 10%
Viscose
28s,30s
85% Cotton + 15%
Viscose
32s
Slub Yarn 100% cotton 24s, 26s, 28, 30s
Spun Polyester 100% Polyester 28s
Polyester 100% Filament 70D, 100D, 150D
Lycra Spandax 20D, 30D, 40D, 30D
Table 4.2.1: Different types of Yarn with count

16
Chapter 5: Machine Description
5.1 Layout of Knitting Department
Fig 5.1: Layout of Knitting Floor. (N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.)

17
5.2 Knitting Section Machine Description
Fig 5.2.1: Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine
Fig 5.2.2: Double Jersey Circular Knitting Machine

18
Sl.
No.
Brand Name Origin Fabric Type Dia X Gauge Feeder Remarks
14 JIUNN LONG Taiwan DJ 32 x 18 64
16 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Pique Stripe 24 x 24 72
17 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Pique 24 x 24 72
22 JIUNN LONG Taiwan SJ 40 x 24 120
28 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Fleece 2 tuck 34 x 20 102
34 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Terry 36 x 24 108
Lycra
Attached
36 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Stripe 36 x 24 108
43 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Terry 27 x 24
Lycra
Attached
55 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Fleece 32 x 20 96
59 JIUNN LONG Taiwan
Design
Jersey
32 x 24 96
61 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Stripe 32 x 24 96
73 JIUNN LONG Taiwan 2x2 Rib 44 x 18 88
Lycra
Attached
Table 5.2: List of Knitting Machine and specification in Knitting Floor

19
Lycra
Attached
Interlock
Pique
32 x 18 64
Lycra
Attached
79 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Rib 42 x 18 84
Lycra
Attached
83 Mayer & Cie Germany DJ Size 36 72
85 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Interlock 40 x 18 80
Design
Jersey
42 x 18 84
88 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Interlock 36 x 24 72
Lycra
Attached
Lycra
Attached
Lycra
Attached
95 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Waffel 40 x 18 80
96 JIUNN LONG Taiwan Lacoste 48 x 24 144
Lycra
Attached
75 JIUNN LONG Taiwan DJ 42 x 18 84
Total Machine in Knitting section: 110
No. of working Machine: 90

20
5.2.1 Flat Bed Machine Specification
S.L
No.
Type Brand Name Model Manufacturer Country
of Origin
1 Flat-bed
Knitting m/c
Kingsum JF-730-2S Kingsum International Co.
Ltd.
China
2 Flat-bed
Knitting m/c
Kauo Heng KH-323D Kauo Heng Precision
Machinery Ind. Co. Ltd.
Taiwan
4 Flat-bed
Knitting m/c
Shima Seiki CMS 420
OKC
SHIMA SEIKI MFG.,
LTD.
Japan
5.3 Layout of Dyeing and Finishing Section
Table 5.2.1: Machine Brand, Model, Manufacturer name
Fig 5.3: Dyeing and Finishing Section (N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.)

21
5.4 List of Dyeing Machine and their Specification
Sl. No. Machine Name Brand Origin
Production
Date
Nozzle
No.
Max
Temp.
Capacity
(kg)
1 Sample Dyeing m/c CANLAR Turkey June, 2021 1 135 50kg
2 Sample Dyeing m/c CANLAR Turkey June, 2021 1 135 50kg
3 Sample Dyeing m/c CANLAR Turkey April,2021 1 135 25kg
4 Sample Dyeing m/c DMS 11 Turkey 2023 1 145 50kg
Table 5.4.1: Brand and Specification of various sample dyeing machine

22
Nozzle
No.
Max
Pressure
Max
Temp.
Capacity
(kg)
1 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 1 135 175kg
2 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 2 3 135 350kg
3 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 3 135 525kg
4 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 4 3 135 700kg
5 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 6 3 135 1050kg
6 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 8 2,5 135 1400kg
7 Dyeing Machine
DILMENLER
DMS11
Turkey 8 3 135 1400kg
8 Dyeing Machine DMS 11 Turkey 6 3 135 1200kg
9 Dyeing Machine DMS 11 Turkey 5 3 135 1000kg
10 Dyeing Machine DMS 11 Turkey 5 135 1000kg
17 Dyeing Machine CANLAR Turkey 2 3,6 145 500kg
18 Dyeing Machine CANLAR Turkey 1 3,6 145 200kg
19 Dyeing Machine DMS 11 Turkey 3 3,6 145 750kg
Table 5.4.2: Brand and Specification of various Bulk Dyeing machine

23
No. of
Machine
Temperature
1 Lab Dyeing Machine Rapid Taiwan 1 60
4 Lab Dyeing Machine
Datacolor Ahiba
IR
2 60
5 Lab Dyeing Machine
Datacolor Ahiba
IR
2 60
6 Lab Dryer Machine Rapid Taiwan 1
7
Rotary Hot Washing
Machine
Rapid Taiwan 1
8 Padder Machine Rapid Taiwan 1
9 Light Box-1 Verivide UK 1
10 Light Box-2 Judge QC USA 1
5.5 Finishing Section Machine Description
Slitting Machine / Squeezer Machine (5)
S.l
No.
Machine Name
Brand
Name
Origin
No.
of
m/c
Max
Speed
Padder
Pressure
Types
of
Fabric
Capacity
(Tons / Day)
1
Slitting Machine/
Rope detwisting/
Turning machine
CORINO Italy 1
100
m/min
3kg
Open
Fabric
15
2 Slitting Machine
Dilmenler
DMS
Turkey 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A
3
Slitting Machine
(for white shade)
Dilmenler
DMS
Turkey 2
90
m/min
2kg
Open
Fabric
10
4
Dj Tube Squeezer
Machine
Bianco Italy 1
90
m/min
2kg
Tube
Fabric
10
Table 5.5.1: Slitting Machine Description
Table 5.4.3: List of Machines in Chemical Lab

24
Stenter Machine (5)
S.l
No.
Machine Name
Brand
Name
Origin
No.
of
m/c
Max
Speed
Max
Dia
(cm)
Types of
Fabric
Capacity
(Tons /
Day)
1
Stenter Machine
(Oil Burner)
Dilmenler Turkey 2 100 260 Open 10
2
Stenter Machine
(Gas Burner)
Dilmenler Turkey 1 100 260 Open 10
3
Stenter Machine
(Gas Burner)
IL SUNG Korea 1 100 250 Open 10
4 Dryer Machine Dilmenler Turkey 1 100 Open/Tube 10
Compactor Machine (4)
S.l
No.
Machine
Name
Brand
Name
Origin
No. of
m/c
Max
Speed
Temp.
Types
of
Fabric
Capacity
(Tons /
Day)
1
Compactor
M/C
Dilcomp
(DMS) Turkey 4 50 120 Open 11
Brush Machine (2)
S.l No.
Machine
Name
Brand
Name
Origin
Max
Speed
Tension
/Kg
Capacity
(Tons / Day)
1 Brush Machine I Kuang Taiwan 100 m/min 3-4 kg 5
2 Brush Machine I Kuang Taiwan 101 m/min 3-4 kg 5
Table 5.5.2: Stenter Machine Description
Table 5.5.3: Compactor Machine Description
Table 5.5.4: Brush Machine Description

25
Shearingr Machine (1)
S.l
No.
Machine
Name
Brand
Name
Origin
Fabric
Speed
ForwardTension
Backward
Tension
Cylinder
Speed
1 Shearing m/c I Kuang Taiwan
30
m/min
40 kg 30 kg
1020
m/min
5.6 Layout of Cutting, Sewing and Finishing Section
Table 5.5.5: Shearing Machine Description
Fig 5.6: Floor Layout of Cutting, Sewing and Finishing section

26
5.7 Sewing Section Machine Description
Sl.
No.
Machine name Brand
no. of
Machine
Total Machine
1 Single Needle Lock Stitch
Brother 373
579
Juki 97
Jack 99
2 SNLS (Vertical) Brother 5
3 Over lock
Pegasus 423
591
Siruba 2
Yamato 127
Jack 1
Typical 9
4 Over Lock (Neck Joint)
Pegasus 10
Yamato 16
5 Two Needle stitch Brother 1 1
6 Bar Tack
Brother 9
10
Typical 1
7 Flat Lock
Pegasus 109
115
Siruba 3
Typical 3
8 Flat Lock (D-Set)
Pegasus 104
106
Typical 2
9 Flat Lock (Hem)
Pegasus 55
59
Yamato 4
10 Flat Lock (F-Set) Yamato 18 18
11 F/L Narrow (CYC) Yamato 8 8
12 F/L (B-Hem) Yamato 20 20
13 F/L (C/B) Yamato 33 33
14 F/L Narrow (CYC) Pegasus 6 6
15 Back Tape
Pegasus 16
25
Siruba 9
16 Button Hole Brother 23 23
17 Button Stitch Brother 24 24
18 Multi Needle Chain Stitch KANSAI 4 9
Table 5.7: Specification of Machines in Sewing Section

27
5.8 Testing Lab Machine Description
1 Cloth Inspection Machine UZU Thailand
2 Oven SDL England
3 Prespiration Tester SDL England
4 Rubbing m/c Crock Master England
5 P Machine Morapex Germany
6 Wrap Reel Fangyuan Instrument Cina
7 Yarn Appearance Tester Fangyuan Instrument Cina
8 Yarn Twist Tester Fangyuan Instrument Cina
9 Bursting Strength Tester James Heal England
10 Universal Sample Cutter KING Scales USA
11 ICI Pilling Tester SDL ATLAS England
12 Martindale Pilling Tester SDL ATLAS England
13 Crock Meter
14 Electronic Crock Meter SDL ATLAS England
15 4- Thread overlock m/c SunStar Japan
16 SNLS m/c SunStar Japan
17 Electronic Balance A&D India
18 Washing Machine Wascator England
19 Washing Machine LG Korea
20 Washing Machine Siemens Germany
21 Tumble Dryer Siemens Germany
22 Tumble Dryer Indesit Italy
23 Relaxation Rack
Table 5.8: Machine Specification in Textile Testing Lab (N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.)

28
6.1 Knitting
knitting is a technique to turn thread or yarn into a piece of cloth. Knitting, production of fabric by
employing a continuous yarn or set of yarns to form a series of interlocking loops. Knit fabrics can
generally be stretched to a greater degree than woven types. The two basic types of knits are the
weft, or filling knits—including plain, rib, purl, pattern, and double knits—and the warp knits—
including tricot, raschel, and milanese. In knitting, a wale is a column of loops running lengthwise;
a course is a crosswise row of loops, corresponding to the filling.
Knitting is the interlocking of one or more yarns through a series of loops. The length wise columns
of stitches, corresponding to the warp in woven cloth, are called Wales; the cross wise rows of
stitches, corresponding to the filling in woven cloth, are called Courses, Filling Knits (Weft Knits)
are those fabrics in which the course are composed of a single strand of yarn, while warp knits are
those in which the Wales are composed of single strand of yarn. Gauge corresponds to the yarn in
a woven fabric, and is defined as the number if needles of yarns in half inches of cloth. The higher
the gauge, the more compact and finer is the cloth.
6.1.1 Types of Knitting
The N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. Is a self-sufficient modern company. The knitting section is
divided into two sections-
1. Circular Knitting Section
2. Flat Knitting Section
Chapter 6: Production Planning and Sequence and Operation

29
6.2 Circular Knitting Section
Circular knits involve knitting in a continuous round, which creates a circular tube. It is also
commonly referred to as ‘Knitting-in-the-Round.’
6.2.1 Basic Elements of Knitting
There are three basic elements of knitting.
a. Needle
b. Cam
c. Sinker
a. Needle: Needle is raised to clear the old loop from
the hook & to receive the new loop above it on the
needle stem. Needle are three types but Latch needle
is used in “N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.”
b. Cam: Cams are the device that convert the rotary drive
into a suitable reciprocating action for the needles or
other elements.
There are 2 types of cam. They are:
 Engineering cam
 Knitting cam
• Knit cam
• Tuck cam
• Miss cam
c. Sinker: This is the secondary knitting element. It is a
thin metal plate with an individual and collective action
approximately at right angles from the hook side
between adjoining needles.

30
6.2.2 Different Parts of a Circular Knitting Machine
Creel: Creel is a vertical aluminum stick where creel is placed
for holding the yarn cone. It also known as side creel.
Cone Holder: Cone holder is an inclined metallic stick where
yarn cone is placed for feeding the yarn to the feeder easily. It
is also known as cone carrier.
Aluminum Tube: This is the tube through which yarn is
passed. It reaches the yarn to the memminger positive feeder.
It works as a yarn cover. It protects the yarn from the excessive
friction, dust and fly fiber.
MPF Device (Positive Feeder): MPF means Memminger
Positive Feed. It receives yarn from aluminum telescopic tube.
As this device gives a positive feed of yarn to the needles, so it
is called Memminger Positive Feed device. MPF provides
uniform tension to yarn, reduces machine stoppage, identify
and remove yarn knot and give a signal if yarn breaks.
Yarn Tensioner: Yarn tensioner is a device that ensures the
appropriate gripping of yarn.
Stopper: Stopper is a part of MPF. Yarn is passed through the
stopper and it is connected with the sensor. If yarn breaks, then
stopper gets upwards and the sensor receives a signal to stop
the machine. At the same time, a light also flashes.

31
Sensor: The sensor is located at MPF. If anyone of the stoppers
gets upwards due to the breakage of yarn, the sensor
automatically receives signal and stops the machine.
Lycra Attachment Device: Lycra yarn is feed by the
following device.
Yarn Guide: Yarn guide receive yarn from the MPF. It is
used to guide the yarn and sent yarn to the feeder guide. It
maintains the smooth tension on the yarn.
Feeder Ring: This is a circular ring which holds all the feeder
guide.
Needle: Needle is the master part of the knitting machine.
Needle receive yarn from the feeder, create a loop as well as
release old loop and finally produce the fabric.
VDQ Pulley: VDQ means Variable Dia for Quality. As this
pulley controls the quality of knitted fabric by adjusting GSM
& stitch length during the knitting process, so it is called VDQ
pulley. To increase the fabric GSM the pulley is moved
towards the positive direction and to decrease the fabric GSM
the pulley is moved towards the reverse direction.
Pulley Belt: Pulley belt gives the motion to pulley
Cam Box: Cam box holds and supports cam. Knit, truck and
miss cam are arranged horizontally according to fabric design
in the cam box.

32
Cam: Cam is the device which converts the rotary motion into
a definite reciprocating motion for the needles and some other
devices.
Sinker: Sinker It is a thin metal plate with an individual and
collective action approximately at right angles from the hook
side between adjoining needles. It supports yarn to form the
desired loop. Sinker is located at each and every gap of the
needle.
Sinker Box: Sinker box holds and supports the sinker.
Cylinder: Cylinder is another master part of the knitting
machine. Cylinder adjustment is one of the most important
technical work. The cylinder holds and carries needle, cam box,
sinker, etc.
Air Blow Gun: A device connected with high-velocity
pressurized air. It blows air to feed the yarn through the
aluminum tube. It also used for cleaning purposes.
Automatic Needle Detector: A device placed very close to the
needle sets. It gives a signal if it found any broken o damaged
needle.
Fabric Detector: If fabric torn off or fall down from the
machine, fabric detector touches the cylinder and the machine
becomes stopped. It also called fabric fault detector.

33
Adjustable Fan: Generally, two sets of running fans are
continuously circulated from the center of machine dia. These
fans are faced with the needle points that remove dust, hairy
fiber as well as keep needle cool. Adjustable fans are rotated in
the opposite motion of the cylinder.
Lubricating Tube: This tube supplies lubricants to the cam
box, sincar box to remove excessive friction and heat.
Lubricants are sent through the tube with the help of an air
compressor.
Spreader: Spreader is situated below the machine body. It
receives fabric from the needle, spreads fabric and ensures
uniform fabric tension. The spreader is adjusted as the fabric
is open type or tube type.
Winding Roller: This roller is situated just under the take-
down motion rollers. It rolled the fabric itself. When this
roller becomes bigger by the fabric layer it also moves
upward.

34
6.3 Terms and Definition of Knitting
Course: A horizontal row of loops formed by the needle during one knitting cycle.
Wales: A vertical column of loops formed by a single needle.
Loop or stitch:
The smallest dimensionally stable unit of all knitted fabric is stitch. It consists of a yarn loop which
is held together by being intermeshed with another stitch or loop
Stitch length
In knitting the loop length refers to the size of the loops (or stitches) that are created by the needles
and yarn. Generally, the larger stitch length, the more extensible & lighter the fabric.
Stitch Density
Stitch density refers to the total number of loops in a measured area of fabric and not to the length
of yarn in a loop (stitch length). It is the total number of needle loops in a given area.
 Stitch Density = Course per inch (CPI) X Wales per inch (WPI)
M/C Gauge
A number of needles per unit length in a Knitting machine, measured as the number of needles in
one inch. Suppose, a Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine is 24G. It means there is 24 needles
in 1 inch.
Yarn Count
Yarn count is the numerical system of expressing express fineness or coarseness of yarn.
Yarn Count Can be expressed in two systems:
I. Direct System
In direct system, yarn count is directly related to the yarn fineness. So, lower the count finer the
yarn and higher the count and coarser the yarn. Generally, this system is used for Polyester and
Spandex or other synthetic yarn. For example, 75D, 20D, 100D, 40Tex, etc.
II. Indirect System
In indirect system, yarn count is inversely related to the yarn fineness. So, higher the count finer
the yarn and lower the count coarser the yarn. Generally, this system is used for cotton, wool, etc.
For example, 20 Ne, 26 Ne, etc.

35
6.4 Yarn Path Diagram of a Circular Knitting Machine
Flow Chart of Yarn Path Diagram
Cree ling
↓
Yarn packages are placed in creel stand
↓
Yarn passing through creel tube
↓
Yarn passing through guide and tensioner
↓
Yarn passing through knot catcher
↓
Yarn passing through magnetic tensioner
↓
Yarn passing through inlet stop motion
↓
Yarn wrapped in storage wheel
↓
Yarn passing through outlet stop motion
↓
Yarn is fed through feeder
↓
Yarn passing through needle hook
↓
Take-down roller pulls the produced fabric
Fig 6.4: Flow Chart of Yarn Path Diagram

36
6.5 Process Flow Chart of Knitting
Sample Fabric (Received from Order Sheet)
↓
Order Sheet data per Programming
↓
Design Analysis (By Pre-Production Meeting)
↓
Machine Selection (According Floor Planning)
↓
work order distribution
↓
Set the Machine according to Specific Design
↓
Yarn Received
↓
Yarn in Cone Form
↓
Feeding the Yarn Cone in the Creel
↓
Feeding the Yarn in the Feeder
↓
Tension Device
↓
Production
↓
Withdraw the knitted fabric with taker down roller
↓
Weight the fabric roll
↓
Inspection
↓
Quality Pass
↓
Order Wise Delivery to Dyeing
Fig 6.5: Process Flow Chart of Knitting

37
6.6 Production Calculation Formula in Knitting
 No of Needle = Dia GG
 No. of feeder for S/J mc = M/C dia X 3
 No. of Feeder for D/J mc = M/C dia X 2
 S/J Production =
 Rib (1x1) Production =
 3 Thread fleece fabric Production =
+ for 2nd
Thread + for 3rd
Thread]
Kg/Shift
Kg/Shift
Kg/Shift

38
6.7 Batching
Batching is the receiving section of grey fabric and sending section of grey fabric to the dyeing
section which will dye. Batch preparation is a crucial step in the dyeing process that involves
preparing the fabric to be dyed prior to the actual dyeing process. According to the batch no.
colour, width, style and construction the batch plan is made.
6.7.1 Process Sequence of Batch Preparation for Dyeing
Receive batch card from grey in-charge
↓
Make the priority as per dyeing plan
↓
Take one specific batch card
↓
Read the batch card for own understanding
↓
Check the availability of fabric
↓
Take required quantity of body fabric from ware-house
↓
Make required no. of rope maintaining equal length
↓
Take collar / cuff as per size, keep the total weight
↓
Distribute the collar / cuff or rib in each rope equally ensure equal length
↓
Stitch the fabric
↓
Write down the weight against roll no. in the back side of the batch card
↓
Write the total weight in batch card
↓
Put signature and date
↓
Fill up the production report form

39
6.8 Lab Dip
Lab dip is a process by which buyers supplied swatch is matched with the varying dyes percentage
in the laboratory with or without help of “DATA COLOR”.
Lab dip plays an important role in shade matching & detaching the characteristics of the dyes and
chemical are to be used in the large scale of production.
6.8.1 Procedure of Lab dip formation
For 100% cotton Fabric,
 Fabric weight measured by electric balance 5 gm sample is taken
 Calculate the recipe
 Make solution of required dyes and chemicals
 Then required amount of dyes, water, salt, soda, and other chemicals are taken to the pot
by digital pipette (M:L = 1:7)
 Wet the fabric with water
 Keep the fabric in the pot and immerse well.
 Cover the pot well and set to the m/c holder
 Start the program for dyeing
 The dyeing time and temperature depend on types of dyes being used.
Program – 1: For light shade
Fixed temp = 60
Time = 60min
Program – 2: For Dark shade
Fixed temp = 80
Time = 60min
 After finished the dyeing time then cold wash for 2mins
 Acid wash for neutralization with 1g/l acetic acid
 Then Soaping by required soap solution for 10min at 950
C
 Cold wash then drying the lab dip and compare with the standard

40
6.9 Introduction to Dyeing
Dyeing is process in which textile substrate is colored by suitable substances that is dyes or
pigment (pigment dyeing). The former is widely used in textile wet processing. A basic knowledge
of textile dyeing process and related terms are quite important to understand dyeing theory. Dyeing
can be done at any stage of the manufacturing of textile – fiber, yarn, fabric or a finished textile
product including garments and apparels. Textile materials can be dyed using batch, continuous or
semi-continuous processes. The type of process used depends on several things including type of
material (fiber, yarn, fabric, fabric construction, and garment), generic type of fiber, size of dye
lots and quality requirements in the dyed fabric.
6.9.1 Factors that Affect Dyeing
Briefly speaking, the dyeing process is a very complex chemical reaction. It involves the use of
dyes as well as other assisting chemicals, known as auxiliaries, and is processed under the optimum
condition. Different classes of dye applying on different types of fiber require a careful selection
of such dyeing auxiliaries and conditions.
The major factors that affect dyeing are listed as follows-
 Quantities of dyeing auxiliaries, such as salts, levelling agent, etc.
 pH, to be adjusted by acids and alkalis
 Liquid ratio
 Temperature and rate of heating
 Treatment time
 Agitation
 Any after treatment to be given, such as dye fixation, oxidation, etc.

41
6.9.2 Dyeing Process of knit fabric for White Shade
Process flowchart of Dyeing White Shade:
Fabric Loading
↓
Demineralization (550
C for 15 min)
↓
Wash (5min)
↓
Drain and fill (4000L)
↓
Scouring Chemicals (PCLF, SCl) (600
C for 15 min)
↓
Dossing (600
C for 5 min)
↓
Caustic Soda (Dossing 600
C)
↓
Run time (600
C for 5 min)
↓
Hydrozen Peroxide (H2O2) (700
C for 15 min)
↓
Runtime (950
C for 20 min)
↓
Colling- 800
C
↓
Wash – 5min
↓
Drain and Fill
↓
Normal Hot (980
C for 10 min)
↓
Colling- 800
C
↓
Wash (100
C for 10 min)
↓
Acid Dossing (500
C for 5 min)
↓
Run time (500
C for 20 min) – PH
Check (4.5-5.5)
↓
Enzyme (600
C for 5 min)

42
↓
Run time (600
C for 60 min)
↓
Normal Hot (800
C for 5 min)
↓
Wash-10 min
↓
Shade Check (If not ok Then Run the dyeing process once more with required
changes)
↓
Unload
6.9.3 Dyeing Process of knit fabric (CVC 60/40) for Khaki Shade
Flowchart of Dyeing for CVC (60/40) Fabric (Khaki Shade):
First Polyester Part Dyeing
Fabric Loading (Temp 400
C)
↓
Water add (4500L)
↓
Buffer Chemical and A. acid (Dosing at 500
C for 10 min)
↓
Run time -500
C for 5 min (PH- 4-4.5)
↓
Add Disperse Agent
↓
Dye Bath (600
C for 20 min-Dossing)
↓
Temperature Rise- 1300
C (at 1.50
C/min)
↓
Run time (1300
C for 45 min)
↓
Cooling- 800
C
↓
Sample Check
↓
Wash (600
C for 30 min)

43
↓
Reduction (Caustic + Hydross) (800
C for 5 min)
↓
Run time- 800
C for30 min
↓
Wash (600
C for 20 min)
↓
Normal Hot (700
C for 10 min)
↓
Wash (500
C)
↓
Acid (500
C for 10 min)
↓
Wash -400
C
Carbonization Part (Burnout the cotton part from fabric sample)
70% H2SO4 and a small size sample mix in a jar. After a certain time, the cotton part will burn
out and will get the actual polyester part.
Second Cotton Part Dyeing
Detergent, Sequestering agent, Anti creasing (500
↓
Hydrozen Peroxide (H2O2) (700
C – Dossing)
↓
Temperature rise to 950
C and runtime 20 min
↓
Cooling at 600
C
↓
Washing (600
C for 5 min)
↓
Add A. acid and PH
Check (4.5-5.5)
↓
Enzyme with Hydrozen Peroxide (H2O2) killer (550
C -Dossing)
↓
Wash at 600
C
↓
Hot wash 700
C
↓
Water drain

44
↓
Levelling (450
↓
Run Time (450
C for 5 min)
↓
Check PH
– 6-7
↓
Color (450
C for 30 min- Dossing)
↓
Run Time (450
C for 10 min)
↓
Salt (450
↓
Run Time (450
C for 10 min)
↓
Salt (450
↓
Run Time (450
C for 20 min)
↓
Soda or Alkali (450
C for 20 min – Dossing )
↓
Color Steam – 650
C and Run Time (650
C for 60 min)
↓
Acid (650
↓
Temperature Rise 800
C
↓
Wash (800
C for 3 min)
↓
Wash 500
C
↓
Shade Check
↓
Unload

45
6.10 Process of Fabric Finishing
Process Flowchart of finishing section-
Fabric Unload from
Dyeing Machine
Slitting m/c
1
Slitting m/c
1
Slitting m/c
2
Slitting m/c
3
Slitting m/c
4
Tube
Slitting m/c
Stenter m/c
1
Stenter m/c
2
Stenter m/c
3
Stenter m/c
4
Dryer m/c
Compactor
m/c 1
Compactor
m/c 3
Compactor
m/c 2
Compactor
m/c 4
Compactor
m/c 5
Brush m/c
1
Brush m/c
2
Shearing
m/c
Sueding
m/c
Finish QC
To the delivery store
Fig 6.10: Process Flow Chart of Finishing Section

46
6.11 Fabric Cutting
Fabric cutting is the process of separating a spread of fabric into garment parts that match the
pattern pieces on a marker. Spreading is the process of unwinding large rolls of fabric onto long,
wide tables in preparation for cutting each piece of a garment. The number of layers of fabric is
dictated by the number of garments desired and the fabric thickness. Fabric cutting is the first
phase in the garment production process.
6.11.1 Process Flow-chart of Cutting
Order Sheet/ Sample
↓
Cutting Pattern Making (By CAD)
↓
QC passed Finished Fabric Received
↓
Fabric Relaxation
↓
Fabric width / dia check
↓
Marker Making
↓
Fabric Spreading
↓
Marker Set
↓
Cutting
↓
Numbering
↓
Sort out
↓
Bundling
↓
Inspection by QC
↓
Replace (If have any Rejection part)
↓
Print or Embroidery (If required)
↓
Delivery to sewing
Fig 6.11.1: Process Flow Chart of Fabric Cutting

47
6.12 Process of Sewing Section
Ok
Ok
Ok
Ok
Not Ok
Not Ok
If found Defect
If not
repairable
Received Input from Cutting
Random cut panel check & measured by L.Q.I
Make Report
Front & back part matching with number / Bundle
Proceed to sewing line for Production
Traffic light system check as per- 07 pecs by L.Q.I
Thread Trimming by operator
End table quality check & compare with D/S
Send to receiving area in Finishing
After 2 hours audit by Quality Auditor as per 1.5 AQL Chart
Inform Q.A GM & cutting
head to get decision & return
to cutting section & recheck
by C.Q.I
Inform QA & Production
staff for solve & repair
for alteration
Make
Report
Then send it
to Reject Box
Make
Report
If found Defect
Fig 6.12: Process Flow Chart of Sewing Section

48
6.13 Industrial Engineering (IE)
Industrial Engineering (IE) is a branch of engineering dealing with the optimization at complex
process or systems. It is especially concerned with the optimization of man, machines, materials,
equipment and how to utilize these resources in better method and in proper way to enhance
productivity and quality of work. An IE is responsible to design a way to produce a product in a
quicker, easier and in better method.
6.13.1 Daily Responsibilities of an Industrial Engineer
 Measure the target vs. actual output in every hour.
 Check quality level.
 Check inline and end line quality reports.
 Discuss with quality inspectors perform quality drill.
 Work with the low output operators.
 SMV Calculation.
 Before production, Proper Line balancing.
 Check the proper method and to be implemented.
 Motivate and empower all the operators.
 Follow up on newly joined operators in training.
 Follow up the operator in re-training.
 Provide immediate and continuous follow up to repairs of any errors.  Order supplies
and material for production,
 Check and authorize the production worksheet.
 Organize production sheets and check the last hour production with the sheet.  Review
the hourly production report and WIP-report.
 Analyze the next day’s needs and take notes for implementation.
 Calculate the next day’s initial inventory according to production information.
 Ensure the working floor safety.

49
6.13.2 SMV (standard minute value)
SMV stands for Standard Minute Value, which is a measure of time for a specific task in the
garments manufacturing industry. SMV is calculated by the Industrial Engineer and indicates the
standard time required to produce one unit of garment. SMV is also known as Standard Allowed
Minute or Standard Allocated Minute (SAM). SMV is important for estimating the production
rate and ensuring smooth and timely shipment of orders.
SMV = Basic time + Total Allowance (%)
Basic time = (Observed time x Worker Rating or Efficiency)
If a Product Basic Time is 120 min where operator efficiency 90%, M/C Allowance is 10% and
others allowance 10% then, SMV = 129.6 min.
6.13.3 Formula of Production Floor
Efficiency = 100 %
Produce Minute = SMV × Produce GMT (Garment Manufacturing Time)
Available Minute = Manpower × Working minute
Working minute = Working hour × 60
Line efficiency = 100%
Productivity = (Output or produce GMT/No. of worker)

50
6.14 Garments Finishing
Finishing is the last stage of packed garments those Arce ready for shipment. Therefore, it is one
of the most important stage in whole garments manufacturing process. In a garment industry
finishing section involves with garment washing, checking, final inspection, pressing. packing,
etc. Proper finishing process can be improved quality of garments.
6.14.1 Things Checked in Final Inspection
 Size Measurement According to Buyer requirement.
 Shade match (Similar Shade in one Box)
 Making Metal Free
 Form of Fittings
 Any Kind of defects
 Over all Get-up.
 Tag and level
6.14.2 Process flowchart of garments finishing section
Sewn garments received in finishing section
↓
Initial quality check
↓
Spot removing if there is any spot
↓
Ironing or pressing
↓
Inspection
↓
Hang tag attaching
↓
Folding
↓
Poly bag
↓
Metal check
↓
Packaging or Cartooning
↓
Delivery to store

51
6.15 Process Flow chart of Merchandising Department
Order received from the Buyer with details
↓
Sample Development
↓
Price negotiation with the Buyer
↓
Confirmation of order and receive the order sheet (PO Sheet, Tech Pack)
↓
Make buyer requirement sample (Fit, Proto, etc) for approval
↓
Make requisition for bulk fabric & accessories
↓
Swatch board making and approval
↓
Raw material collection and also receive it in factory
↓
Check and also listing
↓
Make P.P (pre-production Sample) with all actual
↓
Pre-production meeting
↓
Start bulk production
↓
Collect daily production and quality report
↓
Make online inspection by strong quality team
↓
Sample sent to third party testing center
↓
Make final inspection for bulk production
↓
Shipment
↓
Send all documents to the Buyer
↓
Receive payment from Bank

52
7.1 Quality management procedure
Quality management procedure involves systematically planning, controlling and improving
processes to ensure products or services meet desired standards.it typically includes steps like
defining quality standards, conducting inspections identifying areas for improvement,
implementing corrective actions, and monitoring ongoing performance. Quality management
requires a system of evaluations that may or may not require product testing to be carried out. In
most cases involving textile products some form of physical or chemical testing and evaluation
will be required to determine conformance or non-compliance
7.2 Quality standard (ISO, OEKO-TEX, GOTS etc.)
ISO: ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is an independent, on-
governmental, international organization that develops standards to ensure the
quality, safety, and efficiency of products, service, and systems.
OEKO-TEX: Oeko-tex certifies non-hazardous end-products and all of their components
Products that carry the standard 100 label have been tested and proven free of Harmful levels of
toxic substances. By contrast, GOTS certified the organic production Of raw materials such as
cotton, flax etc.
GOTS: The Global Organic textile Standard (GOTS)has a clearly defined set of criteria
and is transparent. GOTS is the worldwide leading textile processing standard for
organic fibers, including ecological and social criteria, backed up by independent certification of
the entire textile supply chain.
Chapter 7: Quality Management System

53
7.3 Fabric Inspection System (4-Point System)
Four-point system is basically a fabric inspection which assigns 1,2,3,4 points according to the
size and significant of the defects present in knitted fabric.
Size of Defect Penalty Points
Length of Defect Fabric
Defect up to 3inches 1
Defects (>3 inches < 6 inches) 2
Defects (> 6 inches < 9 inches) 3
Defects (> 9 inches) 4
Holes and opening
1 inch or less 2
Over 1 inch 4
7.3.1 Calculation of Total Points per yards
In 4-point system fabric quality is evaluated by unit points/100 sq. yds.
Total point per 100 square yards = (𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻𝑻 Defect 𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 ×𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 ×𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)/ (𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭𝑭 𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳𝑳 in yds
× Actual Dia)
Here,
Up to 06 points = A,
07 to 10 points = B,
Above = Reject. [It Vary with Buyer]
Table 7.3: Four-point Inspection System Penalty Points

54
7.4 Quality Testing at N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
There are no products that we are in closer touch with daily than textiles. It is important that they
do not just look good – they also have to fit well, offer an optimal performance and, of course,
should not contain any harmful substances. N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. ensure this with textile testing,
certifications, research, product labels like OEKO-TEX®, the UV STANDARD 801 and so on.
The Physical Testing lab is “NEXT” & “Mothercare” certified.
7.4.1 Different Types of tests in testing lab
Physical Test Function & Durability Test Color Fastness Test
Moisture Content Dimensional Stability Wash
Moisture Regain Spirality Cross Staining to wash
Yarn Count & Twist Skewing Water
Single Yarn Strength Appearance Cross Staining to Water
ICI Pilling Embellishment Dry Rubbing
Yarn Appearance Embellishment Assess Wet Rubbing
Martindale Pilling Foil Durability Actual laundering
Accelerator Pile Loss Print Durability Sea water
Bursting Strength Durawash Appearance Perspiration
Stretch & Recovery Saliva & Sweate
Button Pill Phenolic Yellowing
Odour Light Perspiration
Attachment Strength Oxidative Bleach
Table 7.4.1: Different Types of tests

55
8.1 Maintenance
In the textile industry, machine maintenance involves a series of tasks aimed at ensuring the
smooth functioning of textile machinery and preventing downtime. This includes regular cleaning,
lubrication, inspection of parts, and replacement of worn-out components. Maintenance schedules
are designed to minimize disruptions to production and extend the lifespan of machines.
Additionally, predictive maintenance techniques using sensors and data analysis can help identify
potential issues before they lead to breakdowns. Proper machine maintenance is crucial for
maintaining consistent production quality and efficiency in the textile industry.
8.2 Objective of Maintenance
 To keep the machines at their optimum running condition.
 To ensure the best quality output from the machines.
 To minimize the idle time due to breakdown.
 To get long service from the machines.
 To modify or improve productivity of existing machine to meet the need for production
& thus avoid sinking of additional capital.
8.3 Operation involved in Maintenance
8.3.1 Setting
Setting is the activity which includes the installation and collaboration of machines.
8.3.2 Checking
Checking means regular inspection of machines.
8.3.3 Repairing
This operation includes repairing the faulty parts and replacing them if necessary.
8.3.4 Overhauling
It is a work of maintenance, but not frequent or scheduled work. It is done if necessary.
Chapter 8: Maintenance

56
8.4 Type of Maintenance
8.4.1 Reactive/Break-down Maintenance
Reactive maintenance is basically the “run it till it breaks” maintenance mode. No actions or
efforts are taken to maintain the equipment as the designer originally intended to ensure design
life is reached.
8.4.2 Preventive/Schedule Maintenance
Preventive maintenance can be defined as an action performed on a time or machine-run-based
schedule that detects, precludes or mitigate degradation of a component or system with the aim
of sustaining or extending its useful lifetime to an acceptable level.
8.4.3 Predictive/Planned Maintenance
Predictive maintenance can be defined as measurements that detect the degradation of
machine, thereby allowing casual stressor to be eliminated or controlled prior to any significant
deterioration in the component physical state. Results indicate current & future functional
capability. Basically, predictive maintenance differs from preventive maintenance by basing
maintenance need on the actual condition of the machine rather than on a preset schedule.
8.5 Maintenance Procedure
 For there is any mechanical fault of machine which is responsible for production hamper,
operator informs mechanical fitters in duty. Mechanical fitters come and observe the
problem first, and then they begin to fix it.
 If mechanical fitters are unable to fix it, then they inform technical in-charge, he then
comes in spot and fix it.
 For there is any electrical problem of machine or serious founding mechanical problem,
mechanical and electrical department are informed, they come and fix the problem. They
commence work after informing the production manager.
 For restore active maintenance, senior production officer orders mechanical fitters to fit
required machine.

57
9.1. Utility Services in N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
The most important problem facing our country is energy. The government has many problems
with the energy supply to the industrial sector. With all this in mind, just at the beginning of the
establishment of the company "N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.", they used their own generator. They have
an extensive configuration for their own power source and generate a 24/7 power system to
successfully run the whole project.
9.2. Machine Specification
Name of
Machine
Brand Origin Quantity Capacity Anything
Generator
WAUKESHA USA 6 5400KW
PARKINGS ENGLAND 1 520KW
Boiler (Gas)
BOSCH
Germany
1 10 ton/hr. Feed tank
Water capacity
75-80 kg
OMNICAL 1 5 ton/hr.
DAEYEOL South
Korea
2 10 ton/hr.
Chiller BOARD China 2
Compressor KAESER Germany 14
Compressor
dryer
KAESER Germany 11
Chapter 9: Utilities
Table 9.2: Machine Specification of Utilities

58
9.3 Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
The stream of excess chemical liquor extracted from an industry after using in original purpose is
called Effluent. Industrial effluent generated from different process is treated with various
chemicals to remove or neutralize the environmentally toxic materials present in it. The plant
where this job is done is called Effluent Treatment Plant or ETP.
9.3.1 Layout of ETP Plant
Fig 9.3: ETP plant Clorifire Tank
Fig 9.3.1: Layout of ETP Plant

59
9.3.2 Process of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
ETP Inlet
Screening Unit
Equalization Tank
Neutralization Tank
Biological Oxidation Tank -1
Biological Oxidation Tank -2
Clarifier In- Feed tank
Sedimentation or Clarifier tank
Hydrochloric
acid dosing
Nutrient (Di-
ammonium
Phosphate)
dosing
De coloring
Agent Dosing
Sludge Recirculation tank Multi grade Sand Filter -1
Multi grade Sand Filter -2
Activated Carbon Filter
Post Aeration tank
Treated Water Discharge/
ETP Outlet
Sludge Thickening tank
Sludge Dewatering Press
Water Sludge
Sludge Storing

60
10.1 Fabric Store
All the grey fabrics are stored in the fabric store near the batch section. Different types of fabric
are listed in the sheet according to fabric types, quantity and consumer’s requirement. Fabrics
GSM, shrinkage, diameter and other properties are also taken into consideration. The batches are
prepared by taking the required fabrics from the grey store.
10.2 Scope of Inventory Control
• Raw materials
• Dyes store
• Other chemicals store
• Grey fabric
• Finishing fabric
• Spare parts
• General store
• Capital equipment
• Accessories
Chapter 10: Procurement/Inventory Management
Fig 10.1: Fabric Warehouse

61
10.3 Fabric Store process Flowchart:
Merchandising department sends the purchase order
Store receives the order with the buyer’s name, style no.
from the fabric finishing department
The store manager confirms the cutting in-charge and the
concerned merchandiser about the receiving of the order
Cutting in charge informs about his requirement of fabric
of any particular style of clothing
The store Manager issues the fabric and enters in his
register and gets it signed by the cutting in charge
The rolls of fabric to be issued are again inspected for
fabric defects and all defects are marked
Then the great challenge for that issued fabric is generated
which is held as a document supporting that
Fig 10.3: Process Flowchart of Fabric Store

62
11.1 Introduction
Merchandising is the planning involved in marketing the right merchandise at the right price at the
right time in the right place and in the right quantities. Giving optimum price and promoting
product is equally important in order to gain the orders for bulk quantity so as to increase profit.
Merchandiser is the mother employee of an garments factory, because of no one have to approve
any bulk or sample approval rights and many more from yarn to complete garments in every site
and everywhere need a merchandiser.
I work with merchandising team buyer LC Waikiki; this is a TURKISH brand.
There are a total of 51 Merchandisers in the merchandising department of N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
11.2 Marketing Strategy
A marketing strategy is a comprehensive plan outlining how a company aims to promote and sell
its products or services to its target audience. It involves identifying the target market,
understanding customer needs, analyzing competitors, and determining the most effective
channels to reach potential customers. The strategy typically includes details about pricing,
product positioning, advertising, public relations, and distribution methods. By implementing a
well-defined marketing strategy, businesses can maximize their reach, engage customers, and
ultimately drive sales and growth.
11.3 Functions of Marketing
The function of marketing listed below:
1. Contractual - Searching for buyers and sellers
2. Merchandising - The fitting of goods to market requirements
3. Pricing - Selection of price to induce customers to accept the goods
4. Propaganda- The creation of customers
5. Physical distribution -The transporting and storing of goods
6. Termination-The end of the marketing process
Chapter 11: Marketing Activities

63
11.4 Responsibilities of a Merchandiser
 Product development and price offer to the client.
 Price confirms with the client and provides PI to the client for master L/C.
 Arrange the all-related materials.
 To follow-up T & A on a regular basis to ensure on-time delivery with the right quality and
quantity.
 Lab dip, trims, bulk fabric color, and quality submit to the buyer for approval.
 Closely monitoring the sampling approval process and on-time provide to the client for
approval and arrange approval for the go-ahead.
 Critical path analyzes and meeting with the buyer.
 PP meeting with the buyer.
 Size set submits to the buyer and arranges approval for bulk production.
 To collect an inventory report from the store.
 Sent the required materials (trims, fabric, etc.) third-party test and provide the report to the
client.
 Regular basis checks with the quality department and makes ensure correct quality.
 Make a schedule for inspection with the buyer inspection team.
 Space booking to the shipping line and goods handover on time.
 Confirm on time and smooth shipment to the buyer
 If in case fail on-time delivery or correct quality than make a decision and discuss with the
head of department or high authority and finalized.
 Send a document for an issue inspection certificate.
 If in case need than follow up payment issue.

64
11.5 List of Present Buyers
ALDI Germany
Babyshop UAE
LC Waikiki Turkish
Mothercare UK
PRIMARK Ireland
NEXT UK
MATALAN UK
U.S. Polo Assn United States
Table 11.5: List of present Buyers

65
RossMann Germany
Ernsting`s Family Germany
C&A Netherlands
Renner Brazil
Tottus Peru and Chile
O'Stin Russia
Falabella Chile
MAX UAE

66
12.1 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
We can sense that Textile Export Business for Bangladeshi manufacturer is becoming more and
more challenging ahead. Our strategy is to meet the customer demand through maintaining product
quality, on time delivery and strong professionalism. Code of Conduct is the NZ Group policy for
appropriate business behavior and NZ Group commitment to its employees, business partners and
other stakeholders. We are fully aware of our Code of Conduct that includes business principles,
environmental principles and human rights and workplace practices. We are taking all steps to
ensure that our factories are:
 Compliant with Social standards stipulated in Bangladesh.
 Providing a safe and healthy work environment for all employees.
 Local Environmental standards are met.
 Dignity of Labor and Human Rights are upheld.
 Our factories are therefore ready for compliance audit by Buyers at all times.
12.2 Compliance in N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd.
N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. strictly follows the SA-8000 standard, which is an industry standard for
measuring social compliance.
This standard is based on-
 The United Nations Declaration of Human rights.
 International Labor organization conventions.
 International Human rights norms & national labor laws.
The SA-8000 standard includes-
1. Child labor: Anyone younger than 15 years cannot work in a factory.
2. Discrimination: The factory cannot engage in any discrimination in hiring, remuneration,
promotion, termination.
3. Disciplinary practice: The factory cannot tolerate mental or physical oppression, corporal
punishment or verbal abuse of staff.
Chapter 12: Social and Environmental Information

67
4. Forced labor: The factory cannot employ work that the worker has not offered to in the
contract. The factory cannot threaten punishment to any worker.
5. Freedom of association and collective bargaining: All staff must have the right to form,
join and organize trade union(s) and bargain on their behalf.
6. Health & safety: A safe and healthy workplace environment must be provided. The
factory needs to take effective steps to prevent occupational injuries.
7. Management system: The factory must develop policies and procedures to implement and
review compliance to the SA8000 standard.
8. Remuneration: The factory must respect the right of staff to a living wage.
9. Working hours: The factory must comply with industry standards on working hours.
12.3 Environment Management System of PCTL
N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. recognizes that its activities impact the environment through day-to-day
internal operations, infrastructure development, and impact and impact on the wider community.
It recognizes its responsibility and commitment to protecting the environment at all levels and
strives to minimize the potentially harmful effects of such activities whenever possible. They are
fully compliant with the application of environmental law in the garment industry. Therefore, as
part of our ongoing pursuit of quality in all respects, we are developing a comprehensive political
system that allows us to set goals that allow us to regularly measure and monitor our efforts to
improve the environment in a sustainable way. Causes of environmental hazards on factory
premises:
 Waste from fabrics, accessories and other storage areas.
 Electronic waste and other storage.
 Empty chemical container.
 Wastewater (factory wastewater).

68
13.1 Strength
 Professional management team
 Latest technology and machinery
 Proactive Planning
 Competitive pricing
 Focus on continuous improvement
13.2 Weakness
 Machine quantity is not sufficient basis on order
 Worker transportation system not sufficient
 Lack of raw materials
 Sourcing capability moderate
13.3 Opportunity
 Build up more international business
 Implementing sustainable innovation
 Capable to concern group
 Have chance for implementing green industry
 Long term business module
13.4 Threat
 Competitive market
 Environmental population
Chapter 13: SWOT Analysis
Fig 13.1: SWOT Analysis

69
Conclusion
Industrial training is an essential part of textile education as it minimizes the gap between
theoretical and practical knowledge. Without a doubt, this industrial training course has helped us
a lot in textile technology, production process, machinery types and industrial management and
made us comfortable with industrial life. I have completed my Industrial Training successfully by
the grace of Allah. Industrial attachment sends us to the expected destiny of practical life. N.A.Z
Bangladesh Ltd. Is a well-known factory in the textile field of Bangladesh. The completion of the
two months industrial attachment at this industry gave us the inspiration that factory is one of the
appropriate destiny to implement the theoretical knowledge. From this industrial attachment we
got the detailed idea about the factory environment, production process, total management, store
& inventory process, maintenance, utility etc.
N.A.Z Bangladesh Ltd. Is well equipped and the working environment is excellent. The relation
between top management to bottom level is so impressive. The factory runs by a number of
efficient Textile Engineers, skilled technical and non-technical person. All the Textile Engineers,
skilled technical and non-technical person are very sincere, co-operative and helpful.

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