Myopia

1. COMPLICATIONS &
TREATMENT OF MYOPIA
BY : M. Satish Chandra
Roll : 130

2. COMPLICATIONS
RETINAL DETACHMENT
 People with high myopia have longer
Eyelenght i.e, axial length is elongated
which means retina is more stretched
leading to peripheral retinal tear and
detachment

3. COMPLICATED CATARACT
Due to increase in axial length it prevents nutrient
delivery to backside of lens as a result they lose
clarity &begin to form cataract

4.  VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE
 Due to myopia vitreous liquifies that
causes posterior vitreous detachment
leading to hemorrhage

5.  CHOROIDAL HEMORRHAGE
 STRABISMUS FIXUS CONVERGENCE

6. It includes
1.Optical
2.Surgical
3.Low vision aids
TREATMENT

7. OPTICAL
 It includes usage of contact lens and spectacles
 Contact lens
 Mainly used in case of high myopia to avoid peripheral
distortion produced by spectacles
 Disadvantage : high cost, corneal complications
 Spectacles
 Concave lens are used
 Disadvantage : limited field of vision, prismatic effect of
thick glasses, produce pin cushion distortion

8. SURGICAL
It includes : corneal based procedure
: lens based procedure
Corneal based procedure
Radial keratotomy : peripheral incisions are given on
cornea leaving central part
Not used nowadays
Laser ablation corneal procedure : it includes 2
procedures
1.Photorefractive keratectomy
2.LASIK

9. Photorefractive keratectomy : central optical zone of corneal stroma is
photoablated using exeimer laser results in flattening of cornea
Corrects upto -6 D
LASIK (laser assisted insitu keratomileusis) :
Flap is made on cornea using microkeratome ➡ midstral tissue ablated using
exeimer laser ➡ causes flattening of cornea ➡ flap is closed
Corrects upto -6D
Modifications of LASIK include
1. Customized LASIK
2. Femto LASIK
3. Custom femto LASIK
4. Epi LASIK

10. Refractive lenticule extraction : lenticule of corneal stroma is extracted
using femto laser
 Intercorneal ring implantation : 2/3 rd depth of cornea is removed
causing flattening of cornea
 LENS BASED PROCEDURE :
 1.Refractive lens exchange : indicated for myopia more than 12 D
 Clear lens is removed and IOL of appropriate power is implanted
 2. Phakic refractive lens : indicated for correction of myopia greater
than 8D
 IOL is implanted either in anterior or posterior chamber in front of
the lens.