Downloaded 44 times
![public
class
ExpensesDbContext
:
DbContext
{
static
ExpensesDbContext()
{
Database.SetInitializer<ExpensesDbContext>(
new
ExpensesDbContextInitializer());
}
public
DbSet<Account>
Accounts
{
get;
set;
}
public
DbSet<Category>
Categories
{
get;
set;
}
public
DbSet<Transaction>
Transactions
{
get;
set;
}
}
public
class
Account
{
[Key,
Display(AutoGenerateField
=
false)]
public
int
ID
{
get;
set;
}
[Required,
StringLength(30,
MinimumLength
=
4)]
[Display(Name
=
"ACCOUNT")]
public
string
Name
{
get;
set;
}
[DataType(DataType.Currency)]
[Display(Name
=
"AMOUNT")]
public
decimal
Amount
{
get;
set;
}
}
Добавим Entity Framework](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mvvmwinformsdevexpressway-150420102303-conversion-gate02/75/MVVM-WinForms-DevExpress-Way-36-2048.jpg)
![Привязки и навигация
mvvmContext.RegisterService(DocumentManagerService.Create(tabbedView));
var
fluent
=
mvvmContext.OfType<ExpensesDbContextViewModel>();
fluent.BindCommand(biAccounts,
(x,
m)
=>
x.Show(m),
x
=>
x.Modules[0]);
fluent.BindCommand(biCategories,
(x,
m)
=>
x.Show(m),
x
=>
x.Modules[1]);
fluent.BindCommand(biTransactions,
(x,
m)
=>
x.Show(m),
x
=>
x.Modules[2]);
fluent.WithEvent<FormClosingEventArgs>(this,
"FormClosing")
.EventToCommand(x
=>
x.OnClosing(null));](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mvvmwinformsdevexpressway-150420102303-conversion-gate02/75/MVVM-WinForms-DevExpress-Way-40-2048.jpg)
![[DataType(DataType.Date)]
[Display(Name
=
"DATE")]
public
DateTime
Date
{
get;
set;
}
[DataType(DataType.Currency)]
[Display(Name
=
"AMOUNT")]
public
decimal
Amount
{
get;
set;
}
[DataType(DataType.MultilineText)]
[Display(Name
=
"COMMENT")]
public
string
Comment
{
get;
set;
}
[Required,
StringLength(30,
MinimumLength
=
4)]
[Display(Name
=
"ACCOUNT")]
public
string
Name
{
get;
set;
}
Полезные плюшки «из коробки»
Поддержка
аннотационных
аттрибутов](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mvvmwinformsdevexpressway-150420102303-conversion-gate02/75/MVVM-WinForms-DevExpress-Way-45-2048.jpg)
More Related Content
![[Webinar] 7 Reasons to Change Your Budgeting & Forecasting Process](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/infographic-office-of-finance-slideshare-170320125614-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
Similar to MVVM в WinForms – DevExpress Way (теория и практика)
MVVM в WinForms – DevExpress Way (теория и практика)
- 1. MVVM в WinForms DEVEXPRESSWAY dmitry.garavsky@devexpress.com
- 2. MVVM? А зачемоно надо? ”When capabilities are extended, the codebase should become smaller”. @Thinking Out Loud Четкое разделение бизнес-логики и логики представления. Отсюда все вытекающие бенефиты и профиты.
- 3. MVVM в WPF.Типичная схема... View View Model Business Logic and Data View Model Presentation Logic Data binding Commands Notifications
- 4. … и типичныепроблемы: реализация уведомленийреализация командограничения механизма привязкиреализация механизма сервисов RelayCommand BooleanToVisibilityConverer DataContext ServiceContainer
- 5. Зачем нам свойMVVM Framework? ● Стандартные конвертеры, сервисы и поведения ● Мощный и гибкий механизм POCO ● Полная поддержка со стороны DX контролов (MVVM-‐driven design)
- 6. MVVM в WinForms.Попробуем? View View Model Business Logic and Data View Model Presentation Logic Data binding Commands Notifications Code-behind Events Methods
- 7. class AccountCollectionViewPresenter { public CollectionViewPresenter(GridView gridView, AccountCollectionViewModel viewModel) { gridView.FocusedRowObjectChanged += (s, e) => { viewModel.SelectedEntity = e.Row as Model.Account; }; ((INotifyPropertyChanged)viewModel).PropertyChanged += (s, e) => { if(e.PropertyName == "SelectedEntity") { var entity = viewModel.SelectedEntity; if(entity != null) gridView.FocusedRowHandle = gridView.LocateByValue("Id", entity.ID); else gridView.FocusedRowHandle = GridControl.InvalidRowHandle; } }; } } От MVVM к MVPVM. Presenter. Выделяем узконаправленный код в специализированные классы
- 8. class AccountCollectionViewPresenter { public CollectionViewPresenter(GridView gridView, AccountCollectionViewModel viewModel) { gridView.FocusedRowObjectChanged += (s, e) => { viewModel.SelectedEntity = e.Row as Model.Account; }; ((INotifyPropertyChanged)viewModel).PropertyChanged += (s, e) => { if(e.PropertyName == "SelectedEntity") { var entity = viewModel.SelectedEntity; if(entity != null) gridView.FocusedRowHandle = gridView.LocateByValue("Id", entity.ID); else gridView.FocusedRowHandle = GridControl.InvalidRowHandle; } }; } } gridView.FocusedRowObjectChanged += (s, e) => { viewModel.SelectedEntity = e.Row as Model.Account; }; От MVVM к MVPVM. Presenter. Выделяем узконаправленный код в специализированные классы
- 9. WinForms - Presenterповсюду. ● User Control и его Code-‐Behind ● Отдельный класс ● Отдельный метод для настройки контрола ● Специфичный кусок Code-‐Behind ● Обработчик события ● Привязка(Binding)
- 10. • Привязки к данным. • Команды и привязки к командам. • Поведения и сервисы. • Бонус – удобный механизм реализации уведомлений, зависимостей, команд MVPVM без буквы “P”. больше удобства, меньше кода
- 11. Уведомления об изменении public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(userNameCore == value) return; this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } дать возможность стороннему наблюдателю узнать об изменении значения свойства или состояния целевого объекта
- 12. Уведомления об изменении public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(value != userNameCore) { this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } } public class LoginViewModel : BindableBase { string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { SetProperty(ref userNameCore, "UserName");} } }
- 13. Уведомления об изменении public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(value != userNameCore) { this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } } POCO-ViewModel: public class LoginViewModel { public virtual string UserName { get; set; } } Plain Old Clr Object
- 14. POCO-трансформация ??? POCO-‐class Full-‐featured ViewModel DevExpress.Mvvm.POCO.ViewModelSource
- 15. Уведомления об изменении public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(value != userNameCore) { this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } } POCO-ViewModel: public class LoginViewModel { public virtual string UserName { get; set; } }
- 16. Как это использовать? XAML: <UserControl x:Class="DXPOCO.Views.LoginView" xmlns:dxmvvm="http://schemas.devexpress.com/winfx/2008/xaml/mvvm" xmlns:ViewModels="clr-‐namespace:DXPOCO.ViewModels" DataContext="{dxmvvm:ViewModelSource Type=ViewModels:LoginViewModel}" ...> </UserControl> WinForms Code-behind: public LoginViewModel ViewModel { get { return mvvmContext.GetViewModel<LoginViewModel>(); } }
- 17. Зависимости свойств public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(userNameCore == value) return; this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); OnUserNameChanged(); // OnUserNameChanged(oldValue) } } } дать возможность явно уведомить сторонних наблюдателей об изменении значения свойства или состояния целевого объекта
- 18. Зависимости свойств public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(value != userNameCore) { this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } } public class LoginViewModel : BindableBase { string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { SetProperty(ref userNameCore, "UserName", OnUserNameChanged); } } }
- 19. Зависимости свойств public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(value != userNameCore) { this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } } POCO-ViewModel: public class LoginViewModel { public virtual string UserName { get; set; } protected void OnUserNameChanged() {/*...*/} }
- 20. Ручное обновление зависимостей public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(userNameCore == value) return; this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); OnUserNameChanged(); } } } PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName"));
- 21. Ручное обновление зависимостей public class LoginViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; string userNameCore; public string UserName { get { return userNameCore; } set { if(value != userNameCore) { this.userNameCore = value; PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = PropertyChanged; if(handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("UserName")); } } } } POCO-ViewModel: // Extension method this.RaisePropertyChanged(x => x.UserName);
- 22. Как это использовать? XAML: <dxe:TextEdit Text="{Binding UserName}"/> WinForms Code-behind (MVVMContext API): mvvmContext.SetBinding(userNameTextEdit, edit => edit.EditValue, "UserName"); // ... var fluentAPI = mvvmContext.OfType<LoginViewModel>(); fluentAPI.SetBinding(lblUserName, lbl => lbl.Text, x => x.UserName);
- 23. Команды public class DelegateCommand<T> : System.Windows.Input.ICommand { readonly Predicate<T> _canExecute; readonly Action<T> _execute; public DelegateCommand(Action<T> execute) : this(execute, null) { } public DelegateCommand(Action<T> execute, Predicate<T> canExecute) { _execute = execute; _canExecute = canExecute; } //... } public class MyViewModel { public MyViewModel() { this.SayHelloCommand = new DelegateCommand(SayHello); } public System.Windows.Input.ICommand SayHelloCommand { get; private set; } public void SayHello() { /* do something */ } } дать возможность инкапсулировать действие в отдельном объекте
- 24. Команды public class DelegateCommand<T> : System.Windows.Input.ICommand { readonly Predicate<T> _canExecute; readonly Action<T> _execute; public DelegateCommand(Action<T> execute) : this(execute, null) { } public DelegateCommand(Action<T> execute, Predicate<T> canExecute) { _execute = execute; _canExecute = canExecute; } //... } POCO-ViewModel: public class MyViewModel { public void SayHello() { /* do something */ } } POCO-ViewModel: public class MyViewModel { public void SaySomething(string str) { /* ... */ } public bool CanSaySomething(string str) { /* ... */ } } POCO-ViewModel: public class MyViewModel { public Task DoSomething () { /* asynchronous !!! */ } }
- 25. Как это использовать? XAML: <Button Command="{Binding SayHello}" /> <Button Command="{Binding Say}" CommandParameter="Hello!"/>
- 26. Как это использовать? WinFormsCode-behind (MVVMContext API): public MyViewModel ViewModel { get { return mvvmContext.GetViewModel<MyViewModel>(); } } // btnSayHello.BindCommand( () => ViewModel.SayHello(), ViewModel); btnSay.BindCommand( () => ViewModel.Say(null), ViewModel, () => ViewModel.Name); WinForms Code-behind (MVVMContext Fluent API): var fluentApi = mvvmContext.OfType<MyViewModel>(); fluentApi.BindCommand(x => x.SayHello()); fluentApi.BindCommand((x,s) => x.Say(s), x => x.Name);
- 27. Интерактивность. Сервисы. ViewModel: public class MyViewModel { protected IMessageBoxService MessageBoxService { get { /* ... */ } } public void SayHello() { MessageBoxService.Show("Hello!"); } } дать возможность взаимодействовать с пользователем не нарушая концепцию разделения слоев
- 28. POCO ViewModel: protected IMessageBoxService MessageBoxService { get { this.GetService<IMessageBoxService>(); } } protected virtual IMessageBoxService MessageBoxService { get { throw new System.NotImplementedException(); } } Интерактивность. Сервисы.
- 29. Как это использовать? WinFormsCode-behind (MVVMContext API): mvvmContext.RegisterService(new MessageBoxService()); //... var mbService = mvvmContext.GetService<IMessageBoxService>(); mbService.Show("Something happens!");
- 30. public class ConfirmationBehavior : ConfirmationBehavior<FormClosingEventArgs> { public ConfirmationBehavior() : base("FormClosing") { } protected override string GetConfirmationCaption() { return "Oops!"; } protected override string GetConfirmationText() { return "Form will be closed. Are you sure?"; } } Поведения. WinForms Code-behind (MVVMContext API): //... mvvmContext.AttachBehavior<ConfirmationBehavior>(this); дать возможность наделить объект дополнительным функционалом действуя снаружи объекта
- 31. Поведения. WinForms Code-behind (MVVMContextFluent API): //... mvvmContext.WithEvent<CancelEventArgs>(this, "Closing") .Confirmation( settings => { settings.Caption = "Closing Confirmation"; settings.Text = "Form will be closed. Press OK to confirm."; settings.Buttons = ConfirmationButtons.OKCancel; settings.ShowQuestionIcon = false; });
- 32. Поведения. EventToCommand. public class ClickToSayHello : EventToCommandBehavior<MyViewModel, EventArgs> { public ClickToSayHello() : base("Click", x => x.SayHello()) { } } WinForms Code-behind (MVVMContext API): //... mvvmContext.AttachBehavior<ClickToSayHello>(thirdPartyButton);
- 33. Поведения. EventToCommand. WinForms Code-behind(MVVMContext Fluent API): mvvmContext.WithEvent<ViewModel, EventArgs> (thirdPartyButton, "Click") .EventToCommand(x => x.SayHello());
- 34. Простое CRUD-приложение Expenses. • Entity Framework 6.x (Nuget) • DevExpress MVVM Framework • DevExpress Scaffolding Wizard • DevExpress WinForms Controls
- 35. Структура проекта. Model. public class Account { public string Name { get; set; } public decimal Amount { get; set; } }
- 36. public class ExpensesDbContext : DbContext { static ExpensesDbContext() { Database.SetInitializer<ExpensesDbContext>( new ExpensesDbContextInitializer()); } public DbSet<Account> Accounts { get; set; } public DbSet<Category> Categories { get; set; } public DbSet<Transaction> Transactions { get; set; } } public class Account { [Key, Display(AutoGenerateField = false)] public int ID { get; set; } [Required, StringLength(30, MinimumLength = 4)] [Display(Name = "ACCOUNT")] public string Name { get; set; } [DataType(DataType.Currency)] [Display(Name = "AMOUNT")] public decimal Amount { get; set; } } Добавим Entity Framework
- 37.
- 38. Создаем представления. Структура Типы View ● Контейнер навигации (DocumentManager+Ribbon) ● Контейнер коллекции (XtraGrid) ● Контейнер деталей (DataLayoutControl)
- 39.
- 40. Привязки и навигация mvvmContext.RegisterService(DocumentManagerService.Create(tabbedView)); var fluent = mvvmContext.OfType<ExpensesDbContextViewModel>(); fluent.BindCommand(biAccounts, (x, m) => x.Show(m), x => x.Modules[0]); fluent.BindCommand(biCategories, (x, m) => x.Show(m), x => x.Modules[1]); fluent.BindCommand(biTransactions, (x, m) => x.Show(m), x => x.Modules[2]); fluent.WithEvent<FormClosingEventArgs>(this, "FormClosing") .EventToCommand(x => x.OnClosing(null));
- 41.
- 42. Привязки и поведение var fluent = mvvmContext.OfType<AccountCollectionViewModel>(); fluent.SetBinding(gridView, v => v.LoadingPanelVisible, x => x.IsLoading); fluent.SetBinding(gridControl, g => g.DataSource, x => x.Entities); fluent.WithEvent<ColumnView, FocusedRowObjectChangedEventArgs>( gridView, "FocusedRowObjectChanged") .SetBinding(x => x.SelectedEntity, args => args.Row as Model.Account, (gView, entity) => gView.FocusedRowHandle = gView.FindRow(entity)); fluent.WithEvent<RowCellClickEventArgs>(gridView, "RowCellClick") .EventToCommand( x => x.Edit(null), x => x.SelectedEntity, args => (args.Clicks == 2) && (args.Button == MouseButtons.Left));
- 43.
- 44. Привязки и поведение var fluent = mvvmContext.OfType<AccountViewModel>(); fluent.SetObjectDataSourceBinding( bindingSource, x => x.Entity, x => x.Update()); fluent.BindCommand(btnSave, x => x.Save()); fluent.BindCommand(btnReset, x => x.Reset());
- 45. [DataType(DataType.Date)] [Display(Name = "DATE")] public DateTime Date { get; set; } [DataType(DataType.Currency)] [Display(Name = "AMOUNT")] public decimal Amount { get; set; } [DataType(DataType.MultilineText)] [Display(Name = "COMMENT")] public string Comment { get; set; } [Required, StringLength(30, MinimumLength = 4)] [Display(Name = "ACCOUNT")] public string Name { get; set; } Полезные плюшки «из коробки» Поддержка аннотационных аттрибутов
- 46. Полезные плюшки «изкоробки» Автоматическая привязка команд в дизайнере
- 47. Полезные плюшки «изкоробки» Регистрация сервисов в дизайнере
- 48. MessageBoxService - выбортипа (стандартный, скинированный, Flyout): DevExpress.Utils.MVVM.MVVMContext.RegisterFlyoutMessageBoxService(); DocumentManagerService - управление навигацией (обработка события QueryControl): tabbedView.QueryControl += (s, e) => { if(e.Document.ControlName == "AccountCollectionView") e.Control = new Views.Accounts(); }; Полезные плюшки «из коробки» Настройка сервисов на уровне контролов
- 49. Подведем итоги • Бесплатное и кроссплатформенное ядро (WPF/Silverlight/WinForms/WinRT/UAP) • Вся мощь системы привязок • Полная поддержка процесса разработки • Уверенность в положительном результате на любой платформе MVVM подход + DevExpress
- 50.
- 51. Материалы Статьи и руководства: 1. DevExpress MVVM Framework and MVVM(MVPVM) Architectural Pa{ern in WinForms 2. MVVM In Ac~on: Expenses App -‐ Displaying and naviga~ng between DB Collec~ons(Tutorial 01) 3. MVVM In Ac~on: Expenses App – Displaying DB En~ty details. DB En~ty proper~es edi~ng.(Tutorial 02) Примеры и ссылки: 1. Приложение Expenses (ссылка на DevExpress Code Central) 2. DevExpress.MVVM.Free (github)