Materials need to meet structural, thermal, and electromagnetic and transport property requirements simultaneously for various new applications. This presentation provides an overview of multiphysics design of materials with special reference to composites using micromechanics. The unitcell modeling and property prediction methodology are detailed. The elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, diffusion coefficient prediction method and results are reported. A two stage sequentially coupled method is also outlined for accelerated application and material development for metamaterials. Composite processing related micromechanical models to predict permeability is also reported. The material properties related to product and process design aspect of fiber reinforced and cellular composites are highlighted.
The predictive engineering of materials is matured from predicting properties from known morphology or constituents to engineering novel morphology for superior properties. The focus of this paper is about implementation of computational material mechanics modeling method in COMSOL multiphysics software for engineering the constituents for superior properties. A brief review of property prediction methods, advantages and potential superior properties of composite materials are given. Numerical implementation of representative volume based computational micromechanics in COMSOL with periodic boundary condition is detailed. The prediction methodology and results of linear and nonlinear bulk material properties are provided. The effect of reinforcement shape, size, orientation and length is also investigated and reported with particular emphasis on superior properties. The advantages of windowing approach, COMSOL parametric models, and the ability to investigate materials at micro level for superior macroscopic performance is detailed.
Nature perfected nano technology by evolution over millions of years. Current technology provides us the ability to engineer at nano meter level to mimic nature and develop nano technology enabled products. Nanomaterial, Nano medicine, Nano electronics and Nano engineered surfaces can revolutionize the industry for breakthrough products and economic development. The simulation based engineering design as a tool for cost effective Industrial innovation will be outlined. An overview of multiscale and multiphysics modeling to enable Nanotechnology Innovation will be given. Real life industrial examples to link nano discoveries to macro engineering applications for business benefit quantification will be detailed.
Multiphysics CAE for Engineering Innovation, Keynote at
International Conference on Computational Methods in Engineering and Health Sciences (ICCMEH- 2014)
Computational mechanics is a boundless tool for first time right engineering product development. A brief about the evolution of Scientific Methods and Engineering wealth creation cycle will be outlined. The growth of computational mechanics as a trusted tool for cost effective product development and with a reduced cycle time will be discussed. Latest in Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) developments will be detailed in the context of Industrial innovation. Methods to lead in the creative economy through CAE will be outlined. Material unity, divergence and convergence of engineering science developments as driven by the industrial growth needs will be highlighted. The computational mechanics of multi scale, multi physics and multi material modelling will be detailed.
Computer Aided Engineering simulations are extensively used for new product development and performance enhancement of existing products. These simulations are dominated by single physics based design due to the resource and technology constraints. The multiphysics based simulation methodology is increasingly used for design and optimization for multiple product requirements. A brief overview of multiphysics modeling methodology and tools with focus on the Innovative product designs are given. Multiphysics design methods for efficient and lightweight materials to meet multiple product requirements will be detailed. The integrated virtual product development systems related to energy efficient material, process and applications design are reported. The simulation results will be examined to showcase the benefits of efficient use of existing material, energy efficient design, performance enhancement by multiphysics design and optimization.
The multi scale modelling will cover the length and time scale linking of nano mechanics to micro mechanics to macro continuum mechanics for product development engineered from atomic scale. Computer Aided engineering challenges and modelling contribution for the successful development of nano foam, nano composites, metamaterials, digital stethoscope and large building and construction projects will be showcased.
Any real life product is multimaterial in nature. Engineered products are also using various materials to meet functional requirements. Metal, ceramic, polymers and their composites are used efficiently. The material design is another import part of the product design. An overview of material technology, recent developments in material modelling will be discussed. The developments in 3D printing, projected as the next industrial revolution, will also discussed in the framework of digital design. The cutting-edge technologies in computational mechanics for industrial innovation will be the core theme.
The predictive engineering of materials is matured from predicting properties from known morphology or constituents to engineering novel morphology for superior properties. The focus of this paper is about implementation of computational material mechanics modeling method in COMSOL multiphysics software for engineering the constituents for superior properties. A brief review of property prediction methods, advantages and potential superior properties of composite materials are given. Numerical implementation of representative volume based computational micromechanics in COMSOL with periodic boundary condition is detailed. The prediction methodology and results of linear and nonlinear bulk material properties are provided. The effect of reinforcement shape, size, orientation and length is also investigated and reported with particular emphasis on superior properties. The advantages of windowing approach, COMSOL parametric models, and the ability to investigate materials at micro level for superior macroscopic performance is detailed.
Nature perfected nano technology by evolution over millions of years. Current technology provides us the ability to engineer at nano meter level to mimic nature and develop nano technology enabled products. Nanomaterial, Nano medicine, Nano electronics and Nano engineered surfaces can revolutionize the industry for breakthrough products and economic development. The simulation based engineering design as a tool for cost effective Industrial innovation will be outlined. An overview of multiscale and multiphysics modeling to enable Nanotechnology Innovation will be given. Real life industrial examples to link nano discoveries to macro engineering applications for business benefit quantification will be detailed.
Multiphysics CAE for Engineering Innovation, Keynote at
International Conference on Computational Methods in Engineering and Health Sciences (ICCMEH- 2014)
Computational mechanics is a boundless tool for first time right engineering product development. A brief about the evolution of Scientific Methods and Engineering wealth creation cycle will be outlined. The growth of computational mechanics as a trusted tool for cost effective product development and with a reduced cycle time will be discussed. Latest in Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) developments will be detailed in the context of Industrial innovation. Methods to lead in the creative economy through CAE will be outlined. Material unity, divergence and convergence of engineering science developments as driven by the industrial growth needs will be highlighted. The computational mechanics of multi scale, multi physics and multi material modelling will be detailed.
Computer Aided Engineering simulations are extensively used for new product development and performance enhancement of existing products. These simulations are dominated by single physics based design due to the resource and technology constraints. The multiphysics based simulation methodology is increasingly used for design and optimization for multiple product requirements. A brief overview of multiphysics modeling methodology and tools with focus on the Innovative product designs are given. Multiphysics design methods for efficient and lightweight materials to meet multiple product requirements will be detailed. The integrated virtual product development systems related to energy efficient material, process and applications design are reported. The simulation results will be examined to showcase the benefits of efficient use of existing material, energy efficient design, performance enhancement by multiphysics design and optimization.
The multi scale modelling will cover the length and time scale linking of nano mechanics to micro mechanics to macro continuum mechanics for product development engineered from atomic scale. Computer Aided engineering challenges and modelling contribution for the successful development of nano foam, nano composites, metamaterials, digital stethoscope and large building and construction projects will be showcased.
Any real life product is multimaterial in nature. Engineered products are also using various materials to meet functional requirements. Metal, ceramic, polymers and their composites are used efficiently. The material design is another import part of the product design. An overview of material technology, recent developments in material modelling will be discussed. The developments in 3D printing, projected as the next industrial revolution, will also discussed in the framework of digital design. The cutting-edge technologies in computational mechanics for industrial innovation will be the core theme.
My research involves multiscale modeling, validation and analysis of experimental data to understand complex physical phenomenon in thin film nanoscale energetic materials.
Iwashita - Laminated conductor structure for rf in normal conducting casethinfilmsworkshop
http://www.surfacetreatments.it/thinfilms
Laminated Conductor Structure for RF in normal conducting case (Yoshihisa Iwashita - 20')
Speaker: Yoshihisa Iwashita - Kyoto University | Duration: 20 min.
Abstract
Laminated conductor structure for RF was proposed by A.M. Clogston in 1951.The motivation was to reduce the skin-effect loss caused by Joule heating.When the currents are well distributed to conductor foils that is thinner than the skin depth, the current density can be reduced and the power dissipation in the conductor can be reduced.This structure, however, has not been practically used, maybe because of some restrictions to apply. When we apply the similar layered structure for superconducting (sc.) surfaces, similar restriction may hit.Some thoughts that may be useful for sc. from the study on normal conducting case will be discussed.
Reflection and Transmission of Thermo-Viscoelastic Plane Waves at Liquid-Soli...IDES Editor
The present paper is aimed at to study the reflection and transmission characteristics of plane waves at liquid-solid interface. The liquid is chosen to be inviscid and the solid
half-space is homogeneous isotropic, thermally conducting viscoelastic. Both classical (coupled) and non-classical (generalized) theories of linear thermo-viscoelasticity have been employed to investigate the characteristics of reflected and transmitted waves. Reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained for quasi-longitudinal ( qP ) wave. The numerical computations of reflection and transmission coefficients are carried out for water-copper structure with the help of Gauss-elimination by using MATLAB software and the results have been presented graphically.
ATI Courses Satellite Communications Systems Engineering Professional Develop...Jim Jenkins
ATI Courses Satellite Communications Systems Engineering course sampler. This three-day course is designed for satellite communications engineers, spacecraft engineers, and managers who want to obtain an understanding of the "big picture" of satellite communications. Each topic is illustrated by detailed worked numerical examples, using published data for actual satellite communications systems. The course is technically oriented and includes mathematical derivations of the fundamental equations. It will enable the participants to perform their own satellite link budget calculations. The course will especially appeal to those whose objective is to develop quantitative computational skills in addition to obtaining a qualitative familiarity with the basic concepts.
Unified Approach to Engineering Science EducationDon Richards
Describes the use of a Systems, Accounting, and Modeling Approach to provide a common framework for teaching and problem solving in basic engineering science courses.
Similarities in the self organised critical characteristics between radon and...Anax Fotopoulos
Abstract
This paper addresses issues of self-organised-critical behaviour of soil-radon and MHz-electromagnetic disorders during intense seismic activity in SW Greece. A significant radon signal is re-analysed for environmental influences with FFT and multivariate statistics. Self-organisation of signals is investigated via fractal evolving techniques and detrended fluctuation analysis. New lengthy radon data are presented and analysed accordingly. These did not present self-similarities. Similar analysis applied to new important concurrent MHz-electromagnetic signals revealed analogous behaviour to radon. The signals precursory value is discussed.
My research involves multiscale modeling, validation and analysis of experimental data to understand complex physical phenomenon in thin film nanoscale energetic materials.
Iwashita - Laminated conductor structure for rf in normal conducting casethinfilmsworkshop
http://www.surfacetreatments.it/thinfilms
Laminated Conductor Structure for RF in normal conducting case (Yoshihisa Iwashita - 20')
Speaker: Yoshihisa Iwashita - Kyoto University | Duration: 20 min.
Abstract
Laminated conductor structure for RF was proposed by A.M. Clogston in 1951.The motivation was to reduce the skin-effect loss caused by Joule heating.When the currents are well distributed to conductor foils that is thinner than the skin depth, the current density can be reduced and the power dissipation in the conductor can be reduced.This structure, however, has not been practically used, maybe because of some restrictions to apply. When we apply the similar layered structure for superconducting (sc.) surfaces, similar restriction may hit.Some thoughts that may be useful for sc. from the study on normal conducting case will be discussed.
Reflection and Transmission of Thermo-Viscoelastic Plane Waves at Liquid-Soli...IDES Editor
The present paper is aimed at to study the reflection and transmission characteristics of plane waves at liquid-solid interface. The liquid is chosen to be inviscid and the solid
half-space is homogeneous isotropic, thermally conducting viscoelastic. Both classical (coupled) and non-classical (generalized) theories of linear thermo-viscoelasticity have been employed to investigate the characteristics of reflected and transmitted waves. Reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained for quasi-longitudinal ( qP ) wave. The numerical computations of reflection and transmission coefficients are carried out for water-copper structure with the help of Gauss-elimination by using MATLAB software and the results have been presented graphically.
ATI Courses Satellite Communications Systems Engineering Professional Develop...Jim Jenkins
ATI Courses Satellite Communications Systems Engineering course sampler. This three-day course is designed for satellite communications engineers, spacecraft engineers, and managers who want to obtain an understanding of the "big picture" of satellite communications. Each topic is illustrated by detailed worked numerical examples, using published data for actual satellite communications systems. The course is technically oriented and includes mathematical derivations of the fundamental equations. It will enable the participants to perform their own satellite link budget calculations. The course will especially appeal to those whose objective is to develop quantitative computational skills in addition to obtaining a qualitative familiarity with the basic concepts.
Unified Approach to Engineering Science EducationDon Richards
Describes the use of a Systems, Accounting, and Modeling Approach to provide a common framework for teaching and problem solving in basic engineering science courses.
Similarities in the self organised critical characteristics between radon and...Anax Fotopoulos
Abstract
This paper addresses issues of self-organised-critical behaviour of soil-radon and MHz-electromagnetic disorders during intense seismic activity in SW Greece. A significant radon signal is re-analysed for environmental influences with FFT and multivariate statistics. Self-organisation of signals is investigated via fractal evolving techniques and detrended fluctuation analysis. New lengthy radon data are presented and analysed accordingly. These did not present self-similarities. Similar analysis applied to new important concurrent MHz-electromagnetic signals revealed analogous behaviour to radon. The signals precursory value is discussed.
1. Multiphysics Design of Materials
Dr Raj C Thiagarajan
ATOA Scientific Technologies
Materials need to meet structural, thermal, and electromagnetic and
transport property requirements simultaneously for various new
applications. This presentation provides an overview of multiphysics design of
materials with special reference to composites using micromechanics. The
unitcell modeling and property prediction methodology are detailed. The
elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, diffusion coefficient prediction method
and results are reported. A two stage sequentially coupled method is also
outlined for accelerated application and material development for
metamaterials. Composite processing related micromechanical models to
predict permeability is also reported. The material properties related to
product and process design aspect of fiber reinforced and cellular composites
are highlighted.
ATOA Scientific Technologies
Engineering Simulation For Innovation
2. Composite?
Composite Materials provide us the unique opportunity to
engineering material with required Designer properties.
Combination of two or more constituents to perform better
than individual constituents.
Macroscopically homogeneous and microscopically inhomogeneous.
Homogeneous at n length scale and heterogeneous at (n-1) length scale.
Nature
Designer Materials…
References:
Balsa wood : Gibson, L.J. and Ashby, M.F., 1999. Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Toucan beak: Seki Y. et.al.,Structure and mechanical behavior of a toucan beak, Acta Materialia, 53 ,5281–5296, 2005. http://www.theallineed.com/engineering/06012421.htm
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
3. Multiphysics Design of Materials
Elastic
Structural constants
Super structural
Thermal
Thermal conductivity
Superinsulation
permeability
Electromagnetic
CAD Model
and permittivity Metamaterials
Sound
Acoustic
Acoustic transmission
loss
bandgaps
Diffusion
Transport Permeability
Super flow
Current Future
Designer properties Extremel Properties
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
4. The Physics
Physics Governing Eqs* Constitute Eqs* Comments
Static:, Navier’s equation, Hooke’s law
Structural for stress strain relation. F, volume
forces, σ,stress tensor, ε, strain tensor,
D, stiffness matrix
Heat Equation, Fourier’s law: ρ,density.
Thermal Cp, heat capacity, k, thermal
conductivity, Q,heat source.
Helmholtz eq: ω, angular freq, ρ0, fluid
CAD Model
density, cs, speed of sound, q, source,
Acoustic Dtl, transmission-loss coefficient, Wi,
incident and Wt is the transmitted sound
power.
Diffusion N ave Fick’s law, Diffusion Coeff. c is the
Deff = concentration, D is the diffusion
coefficient, and R is a reaction rate
∆c
v η ∆x Darcy’s law, Permeability, : v, velocity, µ,
Porous flow K=
∆P
dynamic viscosity, K, permeability and P,
Pressure.
* Equations from COMSOL documentation
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
5. Engineering of material properties
1
Nano >1X property
• Virtual Product and
0.8
process design
Normalized Property (e.g.
Nano
• Paradigm shift in 0.6
Micro = 1X property
• predicting properties Micro
0.4
@ 50 of weight
• to
Modulus)
Macro <1X property
• engineering properties. 0.2
Macro
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Normalized Density / Vf
Engineered for Super and Unusual properties
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
6. Computer Aided Micromechanics (CAMM)
• Study of composite
behavior from
constituents
• Aims at finding a volume
elements /unit cell Typical Micro structure/ morphology of composites
response to prescribed
Homogenization and
mechanical loads.
Fibre Unit cell are key CAMM
property prediction
Localization and Homogenization relationship
Statically equivalent / Where,
Periodic Ω−volume, Γ-surface,
u(x)– deformation vector
representation of t(x)– surface traction vector
nΓ – surface normal vector
morphology
Homogenized / Periodic
Boundary Conditions
Typical Unit cell Model
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
7. Structural
• Advanced structural
composites are known
for their specific
strength and stiffness
properties.
• Constituent properties,
• Periodic BC
Schematics of stress-
• Global loads, strain behavior
• local stress and strain.
• Anisotropic Stiffness
and failure properties
are critical for
application
performance prediction Typical Results
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
8. Thermal: k
• Low k: Insulation: Energy saving,
• High k: Conductor: Thermal management
• Thermal conductivity measurement method
was implemented for k prediction.
• Convection and radiation components of air
with equivalent conductivity for overall
performance.
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
9. Transport : Diffusivity
Porous medium Composites
Application: Water
desalination,
filtration.
Fick’s law
D1 1 m2/s
D1 1 m2/s
D2 5 m2/s
C0 100 mol/m3
C0 100 mol/m3
k 5 m/s k 5 m/s
Effective diffusivity vf
dx
0.5
1m
vf
dx
0.5
1 m
prediction for porous Deff 0.32 m2/sec Deff 2.002101 m2/s
and composite
medium
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
10. Acoustics:
PM L
Structural + acoustics coupling Ex cit a t io n o f
P la n e W a v e
Virtual Fluid domain A ir
Acoustics Flu id
St r u ct u r e
Tests I n t e r a ct io n
Flu id
St r u ct u r e
In t e r a ct io n
A ir
Solid – Fluid Interface Pe r io d ic
P e r io d ic
Bo u n d a r y
Co n d it io n s
Sound
Bo u n d a r y
Co n d it io n s
Load on solid domain PM L
Insulation
panels (STL) Acceleration – Fluid domain
Acoustic
Bandgaps M
Recent Developments
Γ X
Eig. Frequency = 5.07e14 Hz
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
11. Electromagnetics: Unusual
properties
• Two stage sequentially
coupled process for
accelerated
development by
numerical experiments.
• Macro simulation to Macro: Performance Micro: Material
prediction Design
explore the Novel
application design with •Negative refractive •Dielectric
effective properties. index constant
•Super lens Focusing •Permeability
• Micro simulations to •Cloaking •Elastic
design the materials for properties
the required effective
properties.
Computational micromechanics for accelerated application development.
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
12. Flow: Permeability: Composite processing
Input
Process parameters
injection port location/nos
• RTM, VARTM vacuum port location/ nos
Temperature, Pressure
• Impregnation is critical to quality and performance Gravity forces
• Macro flow through preform/ strands and micro Material
Reinforcement
flow through individual fibers. Lay-up sequence
No of layers
• Predict permeability from reinforcement morphology Fibre architecture
Resin Viscosity
Darcy’s law Flow chart
K ∆P illustrating
u=− ⋅
µ ∆x VARTM
v process
P1
simulation
P0
dx
k Output
Prediction
Pressure Volume fraction
Flow path Thickness
Permeability Flow time
Porosity Weight
Design of Material for Product and Process Design
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation
13. Multiphysics Design of materials
• Virtual material property prediction
• Engineering of constituents for
superior properties
• Virtual experimental characterization
of material properties
• Product and process performance
prediction
Acknowledgement and References:
Multiphysics Design of composites, Keynote talk,
The COMSOL Conference 2009 Bangalore,. November 13-14, 2009.
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation 13
14. Contact ATOA Scientific Technologies for
MULTIPHYSICS ENGINEERING SIMULATIONS
Structural ↔ Thermal ↔ Flow ↔ Dynamics ↔ Acoustics ↔ Optics
ATOA Scientific Technologies is an engineering 14
simulation service provider, with a specialty on
Multiphysics, Multiscale and Multimaterials, for
innovative product and process development to
cut cost and cycle time for our clients.
ATOA Scientific Technologies
www.atoastech.com
ATOAST.HQ@ATOAST.COM
ATOA Scientific Technologies Engineering Simulation For Innovation