Multimodal metaphors in multimedia language learning histories. Apresentação no congresso da AILA 2014.

1. Multimodal metaphors in
multimedia language learning
histories
Vera Menezes
School of Letters, Federal University of Minas
Gerais (UFMG),
The National Council for Scientific and
Technological Development (CNPq),
Minas Gerais State Science Foundation 1

2. Metaphor
“… understanding and
experiencing one kind of
thing in terms of
another”. (Lakoff and
Johnson, 1980: 5)
2

3. Metaphor
“A cognitive mechanism
where an experiential domain
is partly mapped in a different
experiential domain, in such a
way that the second domain
is partially understood in
terms of another”. (Barcelona,
2003: 3)
3

4. An experiential
domain (container) is
partly mapped in a
different experiential
domain (mind), in
such a way that the
second domain is
partially understood in
terms of another (mind
is a container).
Source domain: container
Target domain: mind
http://instructionaldesign.
com.au/content/problem-
based-learning
4

5. Acquisition metaphor
Language is a good.
Acquisition = acquiring a
language (good) and
putting it into the mind
(container)
Container is an image
schema projected onto the
abstract concept - mind
(metaphorical meaning)
http://instructionaldesign.
com.au/content/problem-
based-learning
AcquisitionAcquisition
5

6. Metonymy
“A cognitive process in
which one conceptual entity,
the vehicle, provides mental
access to another
conceptual entity, the target,
within the same idealized
cognitive model”. (Radden and
Kövecses, 1999: 21)
6

7. During the first semester
of 2005, I had my first
opportunity to work as and
English teacher.
At that point, I
decided to study
more in my English
classes at school
Examples of
Metonymy
7

8. The classes were always the same: we would read
one of the texts from the text book we used and
answer those “kind of” dumb questions.
Oh no!
This gesture indicates
feeling (boredom)
Examples of
Metonymy
8

9. METAPHOR: TWO DOMAINS
METONYMY: ONE DOMAIN
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10. MULTIMODAL METAPHOR
In contrast to monomodal metaphors,
multimodal metaphors are metaphors
whose target and source are each
represented exclusively or predominantly
in different modes. The qualification
“exclusively or predominantly” is
necessary because non-verbal
metaphors often have targets and/or
sources that are cued in more than one
mode simultaneously. (Forceville: 24)
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11. MULTIMODAL METAPHORS
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12. The metaphoric/metonymic processing
can become complex when the
compression involves multimodality,
that is, the interaction of different
means of expression. In this case, we
have a series of simultaneous
metonymic mappings, from which
metaphors emerge.
MULTIMODAL METAPHOR
12

13. http://www.veramenezes.com/multi15.htm
13

14. MY ENGLISH LEARNING HISTORY
My English learning begins in the Elementary
School. In that time, I was amazed with the
learning of that new language. It was
something totally new for me and I felt very
proud of being able to speak some
sentences like: “What’s your name?” and to
answer this question with “My name is
Renato”.
14

15. MY ENGLISH LEARNING HISTORY
I felt I was not only a little boy
anymore, since I was able to
“understand” a foreign language.
Besides that, I don’t know very well
why, but English had some kind of
attractive power towards me and I
would never get bored during the
English classes. Actually, I was
always a step forward in relation to
my colleagues that would not enjoy
the classes as much as I would.
15

16. MY ENGLISH LEARNING HISTORY
I passed the examinations and
began studying. I was very
happy.
16

17. One day, I asked a friend if
she would like to study with
me, in order that we both could
refine our English. Then she
answered: "No, thank you. I
don’t want to study with
someone that knows less than
I do. It’s no use." I got so
embarrassed that I could
hardly find an answer to this.
Then I said: Ok, thank you
anyway.
MY ENGLISH LEARNING HISTORY
17

18. Nevertheless, I decided to
face the challenge and
began studying like a crazy
to catch up with the other
students who had had the
opportunity to begin their
studies in private schools
since their early childhood.
Now I'm almost graduating
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19. Source: http://www.veramenezes.com/4nar-cliteracy.htm
19
Good/success is up

20. GOOD IS UP - BAD IS DOWN
Source: Alice Chick’s databank: http://llhs.wikifoundry.com/page/15 20

21. CONTAINER METAPHOR
Source: Alice Chick’s databank: http://llhs.wikifoundry.com/page/15
21

22. CONCLUSION
Metaphors and metonymies
for both language and
language learning can help
us understand the complex
phenomenon of language
and language learning.
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23. REFERENCESBarcelona, Antonio (ed.) (2003). Metaphor and metonymy at the
crossroads: A Cognitive Perspective. Berlin, New York: Mouton de
Gruyter.
Forceville, Charles (2009). Non-verbal and multimodal metaphor in
a cognitive framework: agendas for research. In Charles Forceville
& Eduardo Urios-Aparisi (eds.) Multimodal Metaphor. Berlin/New
York: Mouton de Gruyter, 45-71.
.
Lakoff, g.; Johnson, M. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 1980.
Radden, Günter & Zoltän Kövecses. Towards a theory of
metaphor. In: Yvyan Evans, Benjamin K. Bergen & Jörg Zinken
(eds.) (2007) The cognitive linguistics reader. London: Equinox,
335-359.
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24. vlmop@veramenezes.com
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