MSc of Integrative Neuroscience Ab
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Spatial navigation is important for daily life but abilities vary between people. The document discusses a study that investigated the relationship between hippocampo-thalamic anatomy and spatial learning. Participants were asked to learn the layout of an unfamiliar campus through three sessions. Tests after each session measured their spatial knowledge, including direction and distance between locations. The study found that the volume of the anterior hippocampus related to the speed of learning landmark positions, while the volume of the anterior thalamus predicted ability to remember directional information.
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Spatial navigation and Alzheimer's Disease revised 2018
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Ppt on brain positioning system
How do we know where we are?
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2. Early maze studies used blindfolds but this caused confusion, so mazes were adapted to provide some visual information while still hiding the pathway. This led to the development of stepping-stone variants that are widely used today.
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این پاورپوینت در کارگاه توانبخشی شناختی در اختلالات یادگیری توسط دکتر فائزه دهقان ارائه شده است
برای مشاهده مطالب بیشتر در این زمینه، به وب سایت فروردین مراجعه نمایید.
Eva Bonda et al Amygdala & Biological Motion, Journal of Neuroscience, 1996
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Ppt on brain positioning system
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این پاورپوینت در کارگاه توانبخشی شناختی در اختلالات یادگیری توسط دکتر فائزه دهقان ارائه شده است
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Eva Bonda et al Amygdala & Biological Motion, Journal of Neuroscience, 1996
This study used positron emission tomography to measure brain activity while subjects viewed point-light displays depicting biological motion, including whole body movements, goal-directed hand actions, object motion, and random motion. The results showed that viewing goal-directed hand actions activated areas in the left intraparietal sulcus and caudal superior temporal sulcus. Viewing whole body movements activated the right superior temporal sulcus, temporal cortex, and amygdala. The study suggests different brain regions are involved in perceiving biological motions versus non-biological motions.
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1) Decreased connectivity in the posterior cingulate cortex and thalamus persisted eight months after spaceflight.
2) Increased connectivity in the right angular gyrus also persisted after eight months.
3) Connectivity in the bilateral insular cortex decreased after spaceflight but reversed by the eight month follow-up.
4) No significant connectivity changes were observed over eight months in a control group that did not experience microgravity.
Comparative Study of Orbital Indices in Human Dry Skulls Obtained from People...
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Aim: The aim of this study is to measure the known variables of orbital indices with utilization of human
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orbital height [OH], orbital breadth [OB], and orbital index [OI]) were used for comparative analysis of
orbital indices in collected skull samples. Based on these morphological features, each human dry skull
was categorized into megaseme, mesoseme, and microseme groups. The determination of orbital indices
with known parameters (such as OH, OB, and OI) was carried out in next. Results and Discussion: Here,
we observed that abundantly 54% of people had OI >89 that had laid us to report that majority of
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32% of collected skulls were having OI values between 83 and 89. The remaining 14% were set into
microseme with OI values <83. We further investigated the pattern of variation in both right- and leftsided
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My work impacts half the world who develop age-related hearing loss with difficulty understanding speech in noise. To understand how the brain solves the cocktail party problem, I need to record from neurons suitable only in animals. Monkeys are best suited for this given our similar auditory brains. I use sounds without semantics and employ fMRI to show that monkeys use similar brain regions as humans to separate overlapping sounds. This study is the first to show such evidence in any animal. Now, I can record from monkey neurons and generalize the results to humans!
Medicine Nobel Prize 2014, Dr CHI DAC BUI, MEDIC MEDICAL CENTER
The 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard Moser for their discoveries of place cells in the hippocampus and grid cells in the entorhinal cortex. Place cells activate when an animal is in a particular location, and grid cells provide an internal coordinate system that allows navigation. Together, place cells and grid cells form neural networks critical for spatial memory and navigation. Their work fundamentally changed understanding of how the brain computes cognitive functions like navigation.
Adolescent brain 2
This study used MRI scans to examine brain development between adolescence and adulthood. The key findings were:
1) Brain maturation between adolescence and adulthood was distinct from earlier development and was localized primarily to frontal and striatal regions, with little change elsewhere.
2) Specifically, the study found significant reductions in gray matter in dorsal, medial, and lateral frontal regions as well as in striatal regions between adolescence and adulthood.
3) These regional patterns of brain maturation between adolescence and adulthood align with findings from post-mortem studies and cognitive development, as frontal and striatal regions continue developing functionally during this period.
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Medicine Nobel Prize 2014, Dr CHI DAC BUI, MEDIC MEDICAL CENTER
Medicine Nobel Prize 2014, Dr CHI DAC BUI, MEDIC MEDICAL CENTER
MSc of Integrative Neuroscience Ab
- 1. Abstract Spatial navigation ability is indispensable for our daily life. We rely on the spatial representations to guide us from place to place. The cognitive processes involved in spatial navigation are very complex. The spatial navigation includes encoding, storing, and retrieving spatial information. Although the ability to identify the direction and encode the spatial layout of an unfamiliar environment is important to us, there are big considerable differences between people. Here we investigated the relationship between hippocampo-thalamic anatomy and spatial learning by training participants in an unfamiliar environment. Participants were asked to remember the spatial layout of the campus. The familiarization with the campus took place in three sessions on one day. After each session participants’ spatial knowledge of the medical campus was tested by spatial navigational tests, including detecting the facing direction, examination of the direction and distance between the distinct locations. Volumetric analyses of structural MRI data revealed that the size of the anterior hippocampus related to the learning speed of the relative position of landmarks, and the volume of the anterior thalamus predicts the ability of remembering the directional information. These results suggested that the individual difference in navigation ability in large-scale environment can be explained by anatomical differences of individual brains.