movement of water and ion in the soil

1. MOVEMENTOFWATERANDIONINTHE
SOIL
WATER
Water is the major constituent of all living things.
Biomass of plant is composed of 85-95% water.
Water is essential for plant growth its serve many
function in living plants
It is the solvent that together with dissolved
nutrients from the soil solution
Soil water plays an important role in the soil
formation, erosion, structure, stability, strength,
consistency, and compactability as well as
movement of salt and nutrients

2. MOVEMENT OF WATER IN
THE SOIL
Movement of water into soil is called infiltration and downward
movement of water within the soil is called percolation
The water content and the rate of water movement in the soil
depend to a large extent on soil type and structure
Soil water has Two types of energies, kinetic energy and potential
energy. As water moves with very slow speed in soil.
The kinetic energy of water is consider negligible and potential
energy act as the principal from of energy of soil water.
The movement of water from the roots to the leaves is a critical
function in a plant's life. The flow of water depends upon air
pressure, humidity, adhesion, and cohesion. ... Thus, a root
pressure is established and extends into the microscopic tubes
of the xylem.

3. THE WATER CYCLE
Describes the movement of water on, in, and above earth
Water is always changing and moving from on one place to
another
This cycle is made up of a few main part
>Precipitation
 Infiltration
 Runoff
 Transpiration
 Evaporation
 Water vapor
 Condensation
 Collection

5. IONS IN THE SOIL
Elements having an electrical charge are
called ion
There are two type of ions
Cation
 Anion
Cation having positive charge
Anion having negative charge

6. MOVEMENT OF IONS
Ion absorption by plant roots is determined by both
roots physiology and the mobility of ions the soil
itself and within the soil solution.
The nature of the movement of these ions in the soil
and soil solution affect plant growth, crop yield, and
product quality.
Most of ion in their ionic form absorbed by plants are
attracted to the soil absorption complex.

7. HOW PLANT UPTAKE ION FROM
THE SOIL
There are three mechanisms involved in ion
absorption through plant roots
Interception
 Mass flow
 Diffusion

8. MECHANISMS
INTERCEPTION
An significant mechanism of nutrients absorption is the growth of root
into new soil areas and there contact with untapped supplies of
nutrients in soil solution
MASS FLOW
The most important mechanism in term of quantity and the
dominant mechanism for mobile nutrients
DIFFUSION
Diffusion is the movement of nutrients in the soil solution
from higher concentration to areas of lower concentration