The document provides an overview of Monsanto's breeding and biotechnology research and development processes. It discusses how breeding and biotechnology provide parallel paths to developing commercial products, with breeding involving germplasm selection and molecular breeding techniques, while biotechnology involves identifying genes and introducing them into plants. The document also notes that delivering yield favors an approach that combines improvements from both breeding and biotechnology working in concert.

1. TED CROSBIE
BREEDING LEAD
CITIGROUP PRE-CONFERENCE TEACH-IN
December 4, 2006
1

2. Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this presentation are quot;forward-looking statements,quot; such as statements
concerning the company's anticipated financial results, current and future product performance,
regulatory approvals, business and financial plans and other non-historical facts. These statements are
based on current expectations and currently available information. However, since these statements are
based on factors that involve risks and uncertainties, the company's actual performance and results may
differ materially from those described or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could
cause or contribute to such differences include, among others: continued competition in seeds, traits and
agricultural chemicals; the company's exposure to various contingencies, including those related to
intellectual property protection, regulatory compliance and the speed with which approvals are received,
and public acceptance of biotechnology products; the success of the company's research and
development activities; the outcomes of major lawsuits, including proceedings related to Solutia Inc.;
developments related to foreign currencies and economies; successful completion and operation of
recent and proposed acquisitions, including Delta and Pine Land Company; fluctuations in commodity
prices; compliance with regulations affecting our manufacturing; the accuracy of the company's estimates
related to distribution inventory levels; the company's ability to fund its short-term financing needs and to
obtain payment for the products that it sells; the effect of weather conditions, natural disasters and
accidents on the agriculture business or the company's facilities; and other risks and factors detailed in
the company's filings with the SEC. Undue reliance should not be placed on these forward-looking
statements, which are current only as of the date of this presentation. The company disclaims any current
intention or obligation to update any forward-looking statements or any of the factors that may affect
actual results.
Trademarks
Trademarks owned by Monsanto Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are italicized in this presentation.
Mavera is a trademark of Renessen, LLC.
© 2006 Monsanto Company
2

3. OVERVIEW
Breeding and Biotech Provide Parallel R&D Paths to
Commercial Products
BREEDING and BIOTECHNOLOGY form two R&D pathways
Separate, but parallel, the BREEDING and BIOTECHNOLOGY pathways are linked
by shared tools.
DISCOVERY PHASE I PHASE II
R&D PHASE: PHASE III PHASE IV LAUNCH
BREEDING
COMMERCIAL
IT PLATFORM
GERMPLASM
G ANALYTICS
MARKERS
GENOMICS
SEED
ELITE
Germplasm SOLD TO
FARMERS
R
BIOTECHNOLOGY
3

4. BREEDING
Germplasm Is Building Block for Better Seed; Germplasm
Library Is Building Block for Better Breeding
CORN SEED GERMPLASM LIBRARY GERMPLASM
ASSEMBLED GEOGRAPHIC POOLS
OVERVIEW:
Germplasm is like breeding in
thoroughbred race horses –
just as breeders select for the
fastest race horses, seed
breeders look to pair the best
pool of genes for the strongest
TEMPERATE yielding seed
SUB-TROPICAL APPLICATION:
Germplasm pools allow
breeders to target key
TROPICAL
physiological traits:
SUB-TROPICAL • Increased Yield
• Disease Resistance
TEMPERATE
• Stress Tolerance
Monsanto’s corn germplasm library is assembled from • Grain Quality / Added Value
36 breeding programs in 12 different countries
Annually, breeders exchange more than a million
different “packages” of germplasm material
>50% of Monsanto’s corn hybrids result from intra-
company crosses
4

5. BREEDING
Markers Allow Breeders to Get Best Combinations of
Germplasm Faster With Greater Predictability
TRACKING CHARACTERISTICS FOR YIELD MARKERS
YIELD-RELATED AREAS ON CORN CHROMOSOMES
OVERVIEW:
A corn plant has 40,000 genes spanning 10
chromosomes. Characteristics – or traits – are
9 10
1 2 3 4 56 7 8 built from different pieces on different
chromosomes. Markers are DNA ‘flags’ that
indicate where particular genes are located
APPLICATION:
Using markers to make better selections,
breeders can improve the probability of
success:
Probability of finding 1 trait that is
controlled by 20 genes
“Random” crosses: 1 per trillion
After application of
markers and
Regions associated with
breeding
yield coming from Parent 1
technology
Regions associated with
yield coming from Parent 2
1 in 5
5

6. BREEDING
Products of Molecular Breeding Only Beginning to Enter the
Commercial Portfolio
20% 2006 BRANDED U.S.
12%
MARKET SHARE: 19%
IN COMMERCIAL CORN PORTFOLIO
PERCENT OF BRANDED UNITS SOLD
10%
15%
U.S. MARKET SHARE
8%
DEKALB AND ASGROW
10% U.S. BRAND MARKET
6%
SHARE
4%
5%
2%
0% 0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007F 2008F 2009F 2010F
CYCLE 1: CYCLE 2: CYCLE 3:
PROGRESSION
INTEGRATION OF APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR SELECTION POWER OF
OF BREEDING
GLOBAL GERMPLASM BREEDING TO SELECTION MOLECULAR BREEDING
TECHNOLOGY
IN THE • MOLECULAR BREEDING
• PREDICTIVE COMBINATIONS
• ASSEMBLED 36 MAJOR CORN
COMMERCIAL IMPROVES GENETIC POTENTIAL
ALLOW MORE EFFICIENT
BREEDING PROGRAMS IN 12
PORTFOLIO BY 2X VERSUS CONVENTIONAL
BREEDING
COUNTRIES
BREEDING
• MOLECULAR BREEDING
• FIRST INTRA-COMPANY
• IN 2006, FIRST MOLECULAR
ACCELERATES TRAIT
CROSSES; BY CYCLE 3, >50%
BREEDING HYBRIDS ENTERED
INTEGRATION BY
OF HYBRIDS IN THE U.S.
COMMERCIAL PORTFOLIO
SHORTENING ‘BACKCROSSING’
PORTFOLIO MADE THROUGH
CYCLES
INTRA-COMPANY CROSSES
6

7. BREEDING
Core Research Methods Have Applicability Across Crop
Platforms, Magnifying Investment and Productivity
SHARED TECHNOLOGY AND METHODS
CROP
IT MARKER-TRAIT
MARKER
MARKER
PLATRFORMS
SYSTEMS ASSOCIATIONS
DETECTION
DISCOVERY
Focused on methods Focused on state-of- Focused on creating Focused on the best
for discovering new the-art platforms to unified decision- application of
markers, moving to a detect markers that making systems to marker-trait
“SNP” (single maximize efficiency better enable associations to
CORN nucleotide and minimize cost breeding efficiency select for most
polymorphism) commercially-
platform for all crops relevant traits
APPLICATION TODAY: APPLICATION TODAY: APPLICATION TODAY: APPLICATION TODAY:
Thousands of SNP Proprietary Proprietary Associations used
SOYBEANS markers already automated systems interconnected IT for complex traits –
identified and in use in place for corn, systems in place for like yield – in corn
for corn soybeans and cotton corn, soybeans and and soybeans, and
and soybeans cotton simpler traits in
OPPORTUNITY: vegetables
Leverage existing
OPPORTUNITY: OPPORTUNITY:
COTTON Development of SNP platforms for Utilize existing OPPORTUNITY:
markers for 9 additional species systems to provide Marker-trait
different row crop and upgrading comparable associations will
and vegetable systems for all crops capabilities for allow for predictive
species vegetables breeding for key
traits in all relevant
crops
VEGETABLES
7

8. BREEDING + BIOTECHNOLOGY
Delivering Yield Favors Companies That Can Provide Both
Breeding and Biotechnology Improvements in Concert
FOCUS: YIELD
WHAT MATTERS TO FARMERS IS THE YIELD AT
HARVEST, WHICH IS A FUNCTION OF HOW MUCH
POTENTIAL A SEED HAS AND HOW IT’S
GENETIC POTENTIAL (FUTURE)
PROTECTED:
GENETIC POTENTIAL
NET REALIZED YIELD WITH
PERCENT OF GENETIC GAIN FUTURE PROTECTION
X PRESERVED OPPORTUNITIES
PROTECTION AND
ENHANCEMENT
IMPROVED NITROGEN
ADVANCES
BREEDING
UTILIZATION
NET REALIZED YIELD
DROUGHT
TOLERANCE
SECOND-GENERATION
INSECT CONTROL
GENETIC POTENTIAL (CURRENT)
INSECT PRESSURE NET REALIZED YIELD
WITH CURRENT
WEED PRESSURE
PROTECTION
NATURAL YIELD
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY
SUPPRESSION
BELOW-GROUND
CURRENT YIELD
WATER DEFICIENCY INSECT CONTROL
PROTECTION
GENETIC POTENTIAL
ABOVE-GROUND PRESERVED
INSECT CONTROL THROUGH BIOTECH
TRAITS AND
PRODUCTION
WEED-CONTROL
ADVANCES
TRAITS
SEED
NET REALIZED YIELD
MANUFACTURING
WITH NO PROTECTION
8

9. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Early Pipeline Work Focuses On Identifying Best Genes
and Introducing Leads Into Plants for Development
AGROBACTERIUM
BIOTECH DISCOVERY
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
GENE SOURCES:
DNA
naturally inserts DNA
Hundreds of thousands of
genes are screened to find segments into plant cells –
candidates for biotech traits this is used to transfer AGROBACTERIUM GENE TRANSFER
TUMEFACIENS
identified genes
• Genes come from plant PLASMID
sources, including bacteria,
fungi, microorganisms (like
baker’s yeast) and native
GENE
genes in plants TRANSFORMED INSERTION
PLANT CELL NUCLEUS
WITH GENE
• Genes used in insect- CHROMOSOME
protected crops to date are
from “bacillus thuringiensis,”
or “Bt,” a class of naturally
PARTICLE ACCELERATION – GENE GUN
occurring soil bacteria with
thousands of different strains
DNA-COATED
that target specific insects Gene guns use “biolistics,” PELLETS
DNA
using particles coated in DNA
GENE INSERTION:
that are introduced into plant
There are two key methods
cells
used to insert genes into PARTICLE
ACCELERATION
plants:
• Agrobacterium
• Particle acceleration (gene GENE
gun) INSERTION
TRANSFORMED
NUCLEUS
PLANT CELL
CHROMOSOME
WITH GENE
9

10. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Biotech Pipeline Follows Pharmaceutical-Like Development
PHASE II PHASE III
DISCOVERY PHASE I PHASE IV
Early Development Advanced
Proof Of Concept Pre-launch
Gene/Trait Development
Identification
AVERAGE
24 to 48 MONTHS 12 to 24 MONTHS 12 to 24 MONTHS 12 to 24 MONTHS 12 to 36 MONTHS
DURATION1
ION
AT
GR
E
INT
IT
RA
T G
STIN
D TE
FIEL
MONSANTO
DISCOVERY + REGULATORY DATA GENERATION
COLLABORATIVE REG
U LATO
PARTNERS RY S
UBM
IS SION
KEY INFLECTION POINT: SE
ED
BU
AFTER PHASE II COMMERCIAL LK
UP
SUCCESS GOES TO >50%
WITH LEADS ON COMMERCIAL
TRACK
GENES IN
TENS OF THOUSANDS THOUSANDS 10s <5 1
TESTING
1. Time estimates are based on our experience; they can overlap. Total development time for any particular product may be shorter or longer than the time estimated here.
10

11. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Stage-Gate Model Provides Systematic Evaluation and
Built-In Cost Prioritization
DISCOVERY PHASE III
PHASE I PHASE IV
PHASE II Advanced
Gene/Trait Early Development
Proof Of Concept Pre-launch
Development
Identification
AVERAGE
24 to 48 MONTHS 12 to 24 MONTHS 12 to 24 MONTHS 12 to 24 MONTHS 12 to 36 MONTHS
DURATION1
• High- • Optimizing gene • Commercial • Extensive field • Completion of
throughput in greenhouse transformations testing to regulatory
gene screening and fields to of genes into generate submissions
KEY establish proof crop plants regulatory data
ACTIVITY • Model crop • Commercial
of concept and for
testing seed bulk up
• Scale up events agronomic
for large-scale testing
field testing
RELEVANT
REGULATORY
“BEST” GENES
TRIGGER TO LEAD EVENTS
GENE LEADS REGULATORY
PACKAGES
IDENTIFIED
ADVANCE TO
SELECTED
IDENTIFIED REVIEWS
SUBMITTED
NEXT PHASE
COMPLETED
AVERAGE
5% 25% 50% 75% 90%
PROBABILITY
OF SUCCESS2
RELATIVE R&D
COST PER
PROJECT3 COST-INFLECTION POINT:
PER-PROJECT COSTS ONLY MOVE UP ONCE
COMMERCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS ARE MADE, AND
THE PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS ALSO INCREASES
1. Time estimates are based on our experience; they can overlap. Total development time for any particular product may be shorter or longer than the time estimated here.
2. This is the estimated average probability that the traits will ultimately become commercial products, based on our experience. These probabilities may change over time.
3. Relative cost reflects an estimate of cumulative costs for a composite project. Actual spending will vary for any individual project.
11

12. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Over the Last Decade, First-Generation Biotech Traits Have
Revolutionized Farmers’ Approaches to Weeds and Bugs
BIOTECHNOLOGY
FIRST-GENERATION TRAITS
GLOBAL IMPACT: FIRST DECADE
CORN SOYBEANS COTTON
PRODUCTIVITY:
Yield of key crops like corn,
soybeans and cotton
increased by 6.8B lbs in the
U.S. in 2004
WEED ECONOMIC RETURN:
CONTROL $6.5B increase in farm income
in 2004
R&D PLATFORMS
Cumulative increase in farm
ROUNDUP READY ROUNDUP READY income of $27B from 1996-
ROUNDUP READY
CORN (1998) SOYBEANS (1996) COTTON (1997) 2004
PESTICIDE REDUCTION:
379M lbs, 6% reduction
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT:
Reduced >10B kg carbon
YIELDGARD CORN
dioxide emission, equal to
BORER (1997)
INSECT removing 5 M cars from the
CONTROL
road for a year
Source: Graham Brooks, 2005,
www.agbioforum.org; NCFAP report,
BOLLGARD
YIELDGARD
COTTON (1996) 2005; Ford Runge & Barry Ryan 2004
ROOTWORM (2003)
12

13. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Second Year of Drought Pressure in Central Corn Belt
Demonstrates Performance Value of YieldGard Rootworm
KEY MARKET ACRES U.S. BRAZIL ARGENTINA
YieldGard Rootworm
AVAILABLE MARKET 25-30M 5M 1M
Corn
PERCENT PENETRATED 40% 0% 0%
SOIL PROBE ANALYSIS OF WATER USE
COMPARISONS OF SIMILAR GENETICS IN COLORADO
Commercial Portfolio
LOCATION:
YieldGard Rootworm
Ogallala Aquifer,
SITUATION:
Colorado
ACTIVITY:
• YieldGard Rootworm
First year of
delivers effective and
moisture probe
consistent in-plant
studies comparing
protection against western,
water use
northern and Mexican corn
rootworms OBSERVATIONS:
One of the benefits
VALUE CONSIDERATIONS: of better-protected,
Soil Insecticide YieldGard Rootworm stronger roots is
RETAIL
$17-$19/acre DKC 61-72 with Force®
VALUE/ACRE: DKC 61-68 (YieldGard Plus) that corn plants
can better use the
TOTAL ACRE
25-30M (U.S.)
OPPORTUNITY: Water Use Key available water –
making YieldGard
LOW WATER ABSORPTION Rootworm an
effective “drought”
MODERATE WATER ABSORPTION
trait
HIGH WATER ABSORPTION
13

14. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Continued R&D Innovation Expands Breadth and Depth
From First-Generation Platform
R&D PIPELINE ADVANCEMENTS
FIRST-GENERATION TRAITS SELECTED UPGRADES AND NEW TARGET CONCEPTS
CORN SOYBEANS COTTON CORN SOYBEANS COTTON
• Roundup • Roundup • Roundup • Roundup • Roundup
WEED • Roundup
Ready corn Ready Ready RReady2Yield Ready Flex
CONTROL Ready Corn 2
soybeans cotton soybeans cotton
• YieldGard • Bollgard • YieldGard VT
Corn Borer cotton Rootworm/RR2 • Bollgard II
(2ND GEN • Insect-
• YieldGard
INSECT cotton
ROOTWORM)
protected
CONTROL Rootworm • Bollgard III
• YieldGard VT soybeans
cotton
PRO
(2ND GEN CORN
BORER)
• Higher-
NEW R&D PLATFORMS
• Drought- yielding
YIELD & • Drought-
tolerant corn soybeans
STRESS tolerant
TOLERANCE • Nitrogen- • Drought- cotton
utilization corn tolerant
soybeans
• Mavera™ high- • Mavera ™
FEED
value corn with high-value
PROCESSING
lysine soybeans
• Vistive brand
HEALTHIER soybeans
FOODS • Omega-3
soybeans
Green text = Commercialized
Black text = Currently in development or pending commercialization
14

15. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Second-Generation Roundup RReady2Yield Soybeans Offer
Yield Improvement Over First-Generation
KEY MARKET ACRES U.S. BRAZIL ARGENTINA
Roundup RReady2Yield AVAILABLE MARKET 70M 50M 35M
Soybeans PERCENT PENETRATED 0% 0% 0%
P R O JE CT
ROUNDUP RREADY2YIELD IN THE FIELD
FIELD TRIAL PHOTOS FROM 2006
R&D Pipeline
Roundup Ready2Yield soybeans
LOCATION:
SITUATION:
Stonington, Illinois
On Track
2006 STATUS:
ACTIVITY:
Monsanto
• Yield data from 45 trials will be researchers check
shared in January performance
indicators in the
VALUE CONSIDERATIONS:
fields such as plant
height, and pod size
• Value is additive, with target of
and number
up to 5 bushel-per-acre yield
OBSERVATIONS:
improvement over comparable
25 locations across
Roundup Ready soybeans
the U.S. tested
RETAIL
$10 - $30/acre
VALUE/ACRE: 11,000 lines tested
in 45 trials
TOTAL ACRE
155M acres
OPPORTUNITY:
15

16. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Drought-Tolerant Corn Targets Issue of Water-Use
Efficiency in Agriculture
KEY MARKET ACRES U.S. BRAZIL EUROPE
Drought-tolerant AVAILABLE MARKET 80M 30M 24M
corn PERCENT PENETRATED 0% 0% 0%
P R O JE CT
DROUGHT TOLERANT CORN IN THE FIELD
R&D Pipeline FIELD TRIAL PHOTOS FROM 2006
Drought-tolerant corn
SITUATION:
On Track
2006 STATUS:
LOCATION:
• Continued expansion of testing in lead
Vacaville, California
genes and events in moisture-stressed
ACTIVITY:
and broad acre environments Monsanto
• Currently testing hundreds of genes researcher checks
performance
across several generations of drought
indicators in the
traits
field such as
• Results will be shared in January chlorophyl content,
ear size, and plant
VALUE CONSIDERATIONS:
height
• Value of trait reflects better yields OBSERVATIONS:
under moisture-stressed conditions Confirming third
• Value will be specific to variable costs year of field trial
of water use by farmers, rather than data in U.S.
fixed costs of irrigation
RETAIL
$10 - $30/acre
VALUE/ACRE:
TOTAL ACRE
164M acres
OPPORTUNITY:
16

17. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Omega-3 Soybeans Offer Plant-Based Source of Heart-
Healthy Oils
KEY MARKET ACRES U.S.
Omega-3 soybeans AVAILABLE MARKET 5M
PERCENT PENETRATED 0%
R&D Pipeline
Omega-3 soybeans
OMEGA-3 OIL TASTE RESULTS FROM 2005
SITUATION:
On Track
STATUS:
10
TASTE RATING
• Extensive field testing for
5
lead events in U.S.
0
• Food formulation results will
Omega-3
be shared in January
Soy Oil SDA Oil Fish Oil
VALUE CONSIDERATIONS:
• Value created through a Taste Rating 0-15 Scale
product with similar profile Score of zero indicates no flavor
to soybean oil in taste, shelf-
life and oil stability but with In taste-testing, Omega-3 oil containing
a superior nutritional and stearidonic acid (SDA) oil compares
taste profile to fish oil favorably versus fish oil and commodity
RETAIL Salad Dressing
soy oil
>$30/acre
VALUE/ACRE:
with SDA Oil
Testing also focused on field performance,
TOTAL ACRE
demonstrating Omega-3 soybean yield on
5M acres
OPPORTUNITY:
par with commodity soybeans – an
important factor to farmers growing
specialty crops
17

18. BIOTECHNOLOGY
Monsanto Has a Balanced Pipeline With Core Projects for
Farmers, Food and Feed Processors, and Consumers
DISCOVERY PHASE I PHASE II PHASE III
PHASE IV
Proof Of Early Advanced
Gene/Trait Pre-launch
As of Jan. 1, 2006 Concept Development Development
Identification
R&D Pipeline Roundup Ready Flex cotton
SITUATION: Roundup RReady2Yield soybeans
Roundup RReady2Yield canola
In FY2006: Dicamba-tolerant soybeans
• Three products exited the Dicamba-tolerant cotton
YieldGard VT Rootworm/RR2
pipeline for commercialization
2nd-Gen YieldGard Corn Borer
• There was positive movement Insect-protected soybeans
– advancing phases or adding YieldGard Rootworm II
to the pipeline – in 50 percent Soybean nematode-resistance
Bollgard III
of the pipeline projects
Drought-tolerant corn
• Three projects were 2nd-Gen Drought-tolerant corn
designated as “HIT” projects Higher-yielding canola
reflecting our confidence in Drought-tolerant soybeans
Drought-tolerant cotton
their commercial track
Higher-yielding corn
Nitrogen utilization corn
Higher-yielding soybeans
Mavera™ High-value corn with lysine1
Mavera™ I High-value soybeans1
Mavera™ II High-value soybeans1
2nd-Gen High-value corn with lysine1
Feed Corn with balanced proteins1
High oil soybeans for processing1
Improved-protein soybeans
Vistive II soybeans
Vistive III soybeans
Omega-3 soybeans
18
1. These product candidates are in the Renessen pipeline. Renessen is a Monsanto/Cargill joint venture

19. SUMMARY
Agricultural Research Has Incredible Potential Over the Next
Decade
TRENDS DRIVING
MONSANTO’S R&D OPPORTUNITY
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Breeding and biotechnology come together
to position Monsanto uniquely to target Yield
important opportunities and trends in the
Per-acre productivity is paramount to farmers
agricultural market
Biofuels
U.S. will need 25M+ acres of corn and 10M+
DISCOVERY PHASE I PHASE II
R&D PHASE: PHASE III PHASE IV LAUNCH
acres of soybeans to supply biofuel needs by
2010
BREEDING
Water
COMMERCIAL
IT PLATFORM
GERMPLASM
G
ANALYTICS
MARKERS
GENOMICS
SEED
ELITE
Germplasm Agriculture is responsible for 75% of freshwater
SOLD TO
FARMERS
R withdrawal
BIOTECHNOLOGY Nitrogen Use
Elevated petroleum prices have spotlighted the
costs of nitrogen-based fertilizers
Healthier Foods
Increasingly health-conscious consumers are
demanding healthier food solutions
19