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GOOD
MORNING!!
INTRODUCTION
4
OBJECTIVES
5
DISCUSSION
6
SUMMARY
30
Modal Verbs
PERMISSION, OBLIGATION, PROHIBITION
LAURIZE RHEN B. BORJA
Objectives:
Express PERMISSION
using modals
Express OBLIGATION
using modals
Express PROHIBITION
using modals
What are MODALs?
Modal verbs are special
verbs that give additional
information about the
function of the main verb.
EXAMPLES: can, could,
shall, should, and so on.
20XX presentation title 5
MODAL VERBS:
WHAT ARE THEY FOR?
MUST PERMISSION
CAN OBLIGATION
HAVE TO PROHIBITION
20XX presentation title 6
meet our team
TAKUMA HAYASHI MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI
president chief executive officer chief operations
officer
vp marketing
20XX presentation title 7
meet our extended team
TAKUMA HAYASHI MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI
president chief executive officer chief operations officer vp marketing
GRAHAM BARNES ROWAN MURPHY ELIZABETH MOORE ROBINE KLINE
vp product SEO strategist product designer content developer
plan for product launch
PLANNING synergize scalable e-commerce
MARKETING disseminate standardized metrics
DESIGN coordinate e-business applications
STRATEGY foster holistically superior methodologies
LAUNCH deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business needs
20XX presentation title 9
FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS
1. MODAL VERBS ARE INVARIABLE:
o They have ONE form for al the 1st, 2nd, and
3rd form.
o That means you don’t add “S” in the 3rd
person.
EXAMPLES
o You must study.
o She must study.
o He must study.
20XX presentation title 10
FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS
2. MODAL VERBS DO NOT HAVE “DO
SUPPORT” IN INTERROGATIVE AND
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
EXAMPLES
o Must you study? Can I go now?
o I mustn't eat ice cream because I’ve got
flu.
o I can’t go out because my mom told me
to clean up my room.
20XX presentation title 11
FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS
3. AFTER MODAL VERBS, YOU USE
INFINITIVE FORM OF A VERB
WITHOUT TO
EXAMPLES
o I must sleep well
o I can swim
o I can do this
20XX presentation title 12
FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS
4. MODAL VERBS DON’T HAVE
PAST PARTICIPLE FORM, FUTURE
TENSE OR -ING FORM
EXAMPLES
o Can – only Can ( in Past only Could)
o Must – only Must
20XX presentation title 13
FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS
THE EXCEPTION IS “HAVE TO”
o It has “s” in the 3rd form (She has to
study hard)
o Have to has “Do Support”: I don’t have
to study. Do you have to study?
o Have to has Past Participle and Future
Tense: I had to study hard yesterday. I’ll
have to study hard tomorrow.
20XX presentation title 14
20XX presentation title 15
20XX presentation title 16
20XX presentation title 17
20XX presentation title 18
20XX presentation title 19
20XX presentation title 20
Modal Verbs of
Permission
20XX presentation title 21
Definition of
PERMISSION
:the right or ability to
do something that is
given by someone
who has the power to
decide if it will be
allowed or permitted.
20XX presentation title 22
CAN
*We often use “can”
to ask for or give
permission.
EXAMPLES:
Can I go home now?
Can we eat this
pizza?
You could go home
now.
You can eat this
pizza.
COULD
*more formal and
polite than can
EXAMPLES:
Could I play a video
game?
Could I smoke at the
school?
You could play a
video game.
You could smoke at
the school 25 years
MAY
*another more formal
and polite way
EXAMPLES:
May I go shopping?
May I drink water?
You may go
shopping.
You may drink water.
Modal Verbs of
Prohibition
20XX presentation title 26
Definition of
PROHIBITION
:the act or practice of
forbidding something
by law; more
particularly the term
refers to the banning of
the manufacture,
storage, transportation,
sale, possession, and
consumption of
alcoholic beverages.
20XX presentation title 27
CAN’T
*We use can’t to say
something isn’t
permitted.
EXAMPLES:
You can’t go home
now.
You can’t eat pizza.
COULD’T
*We use couldn’t to
say something was
not permitted in the
past.
EXAMPLES:
You couldn’t smoke
in the bus.
You couldn’t do
exercise in the toilet,
MAY NOT
*We can also use
may not to say
something isn’t
permitted to.
EXAMPLES:
No, you may not.
Modal Verbs of
Obligation
20XX presentation title 31
Definition of
OBLIGATION
:something by which
a person is obliged to
do, and which arises
out of a sense of duty
or results from
custom, law, and so
on.
20XX presentation title 32
We can use:
- Have to +
infinitive
- Must + infinitive
-Should + infinitive
To express
Obligation
(Something you or
someone have to do)
Have to
*Used for strong
obligation
*This is usually
referring to a rule or
law.
EXAMPLES:
Children have to go
to school.
You have to be
careful with scissors,
HAD TO
*obligation in the
past
EXAMPLE:
I had to wear a
school uniform when
I was a child.
Summary
At Contoso, we believe in giving 110%. By
using our next-generation data
architecture, we help organizations virtually
manage agile workflows. We thrive
because of our market knowledge and
great team behind our product. As our
CEO says, "Efficiencies will come from
proactively transforming how we do
business."​
20XX presentation title 36
20XX presentation title 37
20XX presentation title 38
20XX presentation title 39
THANK YOU!
LAURIZE RHEN B. BORJA

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Modal Verbs.pptx

  • 1.
  • 3. Modal Verbs PERMISSION, OBLIGATION, PROHIBITION LAURIZE RHEN B. BORJA
  • 4. Objectives: Express PERMISSION using modals Express OBLIGATION using modals Express PROHIBITION using modals
  • 5. What are MODALs? Modal verbs are special verbs that give additional information about the function of the main verb. EXAMPLES: can, could, shall, should, and so on. 20XX presentation title 5
  • 6. MODAL VERBS: WHAT ARE THEY FOR? MUST PERMISSION CAN OBLIGATION HAVE TO PROHIBITION 20XX presentation title 6
  • 7. meet our team TAKUMA HAYASHI MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI president chief executive officer chief operations officer vp marketing 20XX presentation title 7
  • 8. meet our extended team TAKUMA HAYASHI MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI president chief executive officer chief operations officer vp marketing GRAHAM BARNES ROWAN MURPHY ELIZABETH MOORE ROBINE KLINE vp product SEO strategist product designer content developer
  • 9. plan for product launch PLANNING synergize scalable e-commerce MARKETING disseminate standardized metrics DESIGN coordinate e-business applications STRATEGY foster holistically superior methodologies LAUNCH deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business needs 20XX presentation title 9
  • 10. FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS 1. MODAL VERBS ARE INVARIABLE: o They have ONE form for al the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd form. o That means you don’t add “S” in the 3rd person. EXAMPLES o You must study. o She must study. o He must study. 20XX presentation title 10
  • 11. FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS 2. MODAL VERBS DO NOT HAVE “DO SUPPORT” IN INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES EXAMPLES o Must you study? Can I go now? o I mustn't eat ice cream because I’ve got flu. o I can’t go out because my mom told me to clean up my room. 20XX presentation title 11
  • 12. FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS 3. AFTER MODAL VERBS, YOU USE INFINITIVE FORM OF A VERB WITHOUT TO EXAMPLES o I must sleep well o I can swim o I can do this 20XX presentation title 12
  • 13. FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS 4. MODAL VERBS DON’T HAVE PAST PARTICIPLE FORM, FUTURE TENSE OR -ING FORM EXAMPLES o Can – only Can ( in Past only Could) o Must – only Must 20XX presentation title 13
  • 14. FEATURES OF MODAL VERBS THE EXCEPTION IS “HAVE TO” o It has “s” in the 3rd form (She has to study hard) o Have to has “Do Support”: I don’t have to study. Do you have to study? o Have to has Past Participle and Future Tense: I had to study hard yesterday. I’ll have to study hard tomorrow. 20XX presentation title 14
  • 21. Modal Verbs of Permission 20XX presentation title 21
  • 22. Definition of PERMISSION :the right or ability to do something that is given by someone who has the power to decide if it will be allowed or permitted. 20XX presentation title 22
  • 23. CAN *We often use “can” to ask for or give permission. EXAMPLES: Can I go home now? Can we eat this pizza? You could go home now. You can eat this pizza.
  • 24. COULD *more formal and polite than can EXAMPLES: Could I play a video game? Could I smoke at the school? You could play a video game. You could smoke at the school 25 years
  • 25. MAY *another more formal and polite way EXAMPLES: May I go shopping? May I drink water? You may go shopping. You may drink water.
  • 26. Modal Verbs of Prohibition 20XX presentation title 26
  • 27. Definition of PROHIBITION :the act or practice of forbidding something by law; more particularly the term refers to the banning of the manufacture, storage, transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. 20XX presentation title 27
  • 28. CAN’T *We use can’t to say something isn’t permitted. EXAMPLES: You can’t go home now. You can’t eat pizza.
  • 29. COULD’T *We use couldn’t to say something was not permitted in the past. EXAMPLES: You couldn’t smoke in the bus. You couldn’t do exercise in the toilet,
  • 30. MAY NOT *We can also use may not to say something isn’t permitted to. EXAMPLES: No, you may not.
  • 31. Modal Verbs of Obligation 20XX presentation title 31
  • 32. Definition of OBLIGATION :something by which a person is obliged to do, and which arises out of a sense of duty or results from custom, law, and so on. 20XX presentation title 32
  • 33. We can use: - Have to + infinitive - Must + infinitive -Should + infinitive To express Obligation (Something you or someone have to do)
  • 34. Have to *Used for strong obligation *This is usually referring to a rule or law. EXAMPLES: Children have to go to school. You have to be careful with scissors,
  • 35. HAD TO *obligation in the past EXAMPLE: I had to wear a school uniform when I was a child.
  • 36. Summary At Contoso, we believe in giving 110%. By using our next-generation data architecture, we help organizations virtually manage agile workflows. We thrive because of our market knowledge and great team behind our product. As our CEO says, "Efficiencies will come from proactively transforming how we do business."​ 20XX presentation title 36