This document discusses different modal verbs in English including can/can't, could, should/shouldn't, have to/must, don't have to/mustn't, and their uses for present deduction including must, can't, could/might. It also covers non-defining relative clauses.

1. MODAL VERBS

2. Cancan’t
We can go to the shooting now.

3. Could
Don’t throw it away, you could need it.

4. SHOULD/SHOULDN’T
I think you should eat more, you are very thin.
You shouldn’t believe in everything you
read.

5. HAVE TO/MUST
It has to be very heavy to carry.
I must do my best to pass the exam.

6. DON’T HAVE TO/MUSTN’T
You don’t have to go to the supermarket. I’ve
already gone.
You mustn’t forget to present the documents
to the accountant.

7. MODALS FOR PRESENT DEDUCTION
Must
He must live near here because he comes to work on
foot.
Can’t
It can’t be a burglar because all the doors and
windows are locked.

8. Could/might
Jane isn’t here. She might be having a bath.

9. NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Ann, who is my best friend, got married.