Mobile Application Development and Types(1)

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CONTENT
● Introduction to Mobile
Application
Development
● History of Mobile
App Development
● Types of
Mobile
Apps
● Mobile App
Development
Platforms
● Mobile App
Development
Process
● Cross
platform
frameworks
2

Mobile Application Development
● Mobile application development is the process of creating software
applications that run on mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets.
● This can include creating apps for specific mobile platforms, such as iOS or
Android, as well as developing cross-platform apps that can run on multiple
devices.
● Mobile app development involves a variety of tasks, including planning, design,
coding, testing, and deployment. Development can be done using different
programming languages and frameworks, such as Swift for iOS and Java for
Android.
● The goal of mobile app development is to create user-friendly, high-performing
apps that meet the needs of users and provide a positive user experience.
3

Mobile Applications
● Mobile applications, also known as "apps," are software
programs that are specifically designed to run on mobile devices
such as smartphones and tablets.
● They are created to perform a specific function or set of functions,
such as playing games, managing finances, or socializing. Mobile
apps can be native, hybrid, or web-based.
4

History of Mobile Application Development
Year Development
1993 The first mobile app, called "Tiger Woods PGA Tour," is created
for the IBM Simon, a prototype smartphone.
1997 Nokia releases the Nokia 9000 Communicator, which includes an
app store featuring games and productivity tools.
2008 Apple launches the App Store for iPhone and iPod Touch users.
2010 Google launches the Android Market, later renamed Google Play,
for Android device users.
2011 The number of mobile apps available surpasses 500,000.
2013 Blackberry launches Blackberry World, its app store for Blackberry
users.
5

History continued
2014 The number of mobile apps available surpasses 1 million.
2015 Windows Phone Store, later rebranded as Microsoft Store,
launch their own App store for Windows Phone users.
2017 The number of mobile apps available surpasses 3 million
2018 Apple launches the App Store for Mac users.
2019 The number of mobile apps available surpasses 2.5 billion
2020 Google launches the Google Play Instant feature, which
allows users to try an app before downloading it.
2021 The number of mobile apps available surpasses 4 billion.
6

Types of Mobile Apps
Native apps are developed specifically for a particular mobile platform, such as
iOS or Android. They have access to all of the device's features and capabilities
and typically offer the best performance. Examples of native apps include
Instagram, Snapchat, and Uber.
Hybrid apps are built using a combination of web technologies and native code.
They can be run on multiple platforms and are typically easier and less expensive
to develop than native apps. Examples of hybrid apps include Twitter and
LinkedIn.
Web apps are mobile-optimized websites that can be accessed through a web
browser. They do not require installation and can be run on any device with a web
browser. Examples of web apps include Gmail and Facebook.
7

Native Apps
● A native app is a software application that is developed
specifically for a particular mobile platform, such as iOS or
Android.
● These apps are typically downloaded and installed from an
app store, such as the Apple App Store or Google Play.
8

Pros of Native Apps
● Access to device features and capabilities: Native apps have full access to
the device's features and capabilities, such as the camera, GPS, and
accelerometer.
● Performance: Native apps tend to have better performance than other
types of mobile apps. They can take advantage of the device's hardware
and software, providing a smooth and responsive user experience.
● Offline functionality: Native apps can work offline, meaning that they can
still function without an internet connection.
● Security: Native apps are generally considered to be more secure than
other types of mobile apps.
● User experience: Native apps can provide a better user experience
because they are designed to take advantage of the device's specific
features and capabilities. 9

Cons of Native Apps
Development cost: Developing a native app can be more
expensive and time-consuming than developing other types of
mobile apps.
Maintenance: Updating and maintaining a native app can be more
difficult and costly than other types of mobile apps.
Limited reach: Native apps can only be used on one specific mobile
platform, which limits their reach to users of that platform.
Device fragmentation: There is a large number of devices and
versions of the operating system, making it hard to ensure
compatibility and test on all devices.
10

Hybrid Apps
● A hybrid app is a software application that is built using a
combination of web technologies and native code.
● These apps can be run on multiple platforms, and are typically
easier and less expensive to develop than native apps.
● They are downloaded and installed from an app store, and
they also can be accessed through a web browser.
11

Pros of Hybrid Apps
● Cross-platform compatibility: Hybrid apps can run on multiple
platforms, such as iOS and Android, using a single codebase. This
reduces development time and costs, as well as maintenance.
● Access to device features: Hybrid apps have access to some
device features, such as the camera, GPS, and accelerometer,
through the use of APIs and plugins.
● Cost-effective: Hybrid apps are typically less expensive to
develop and maintain than native apps because they use a single
codebase.
● Reusability of code: The code can be reused for different
platforms, reducing the development time.
12

Cons of Hybrid Apps
● Performance: Hybrid apps may not perform as well as native apps, as
they have to rely on web technologies to access the device's features,
which can slow down the app and create a less responsive user
experience.
● Limited access to device features: Hybrid apps may not have access to
all the device's features and capabilities, as they are reliant on the
availability of APIs and plugins.
● Device fragmentation: There is a large number of devices and
versions of the operating system, making it hard to ensure
compatibility and test on all devices.
● Dependence on 3rd party tools: The app's performance, security and
user experience can be affected if the 3rd party tools used are not
well-maintained or updated 13

Web apps
● A web app is a mobile-optimized website that can be
accessed through a web browser.
● They do not require installation and can be run on any device
with a web browser.
● These apps can be accessed via a URL and they don't need to
be downloaded and installed on the device.
14

Pros of Web Apps
● Cross-platform compatibility: Web apps can run on any
device with a web browser, regardless of the operating
system or device type.
● No installation required: Web apps do not require installation
and can be accessed immediately through a web browser.
● Responsiveness: Web apps can be designed to be responsive,
meaning they can adapt to different screen sizes and
resolutions, providing a consistent user experience across
devices.
● Cost-effective: Developing web apps can be less expensive
than developing native apps.
15

Cons of Web Apps
● Limited access to device features: Web apps have limited
access to device features such as the camera, GPS, and
accelerometer, and may not be able to take full advantage of
the device's hardware and software.
● Requires an internet connection: Web apps require an internet
connection to work properly, which can be a limitation in areas
with poor connectivity.
● Limited offline functionality: Web apps typically do not have
offline functionality and need an internet connection to
function.
● Dependence on web browsers: The user experience,
performance and security of web apps can be affected by the
web browser used to access them.
16

Native, hybrid vs web apps
17
Native Apps Hybrid
Apps
Web Apps
Cross-platform Limited to one
platform
Multiple platforms All platforms
Code reusability Limited Good Good
Development cost High Moderate Low
Maintenance cost High Moderate Low
User Interface Best Good Good
App store
distribution
Yes Yes No
Offline access Yes Limited Limited
Native API access Full access Limited access Limited access
Native performance Best Good Limited

Mobile App Development Platforms
● iOS: Developed by Apple, this platform is used to create apps for
iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. The primary tools used for iOS app
development are Xcode and Swift.
● Android: Developed by Google, this platform is used to create
apps for a wide range of devices, including smartphones and
tablets. The primary tools used for Android app development are
Android Studio and Java.
● Other mobile platforms: Windows Phone, Blackberry, and Tizen
are other mobile platforms that have their own tools, SDKs and
languages.
18

Mobile App Development Process
● Planning: This phase involves determining the purpose and goals
of the app, identifying the target audience, and creating a project
plan.
● Design: In this phase, the user interface and user experience of the
app are created. This includes creating wireframes, mockups, and
prototypes.
● Development: In this phase, the actual coding of the app takes
place. This includes writing code, testing, and debugging.
● Testing: This phase involves testing the app to ensure that it works
as intended and to identify and fix any bugs.
● Deployment: This phase involves publishing the app to an app
store, making it available for download by users. 19

Cross platform frameworks
● Cross-platform frameworks are tools that allow developers to create
mobile apps that can run on multiple platforms, such as iOS, Android,
and Windows.
● By using a single codebase, cross-platform frameworks can save time
and cost in the development process.
Popular Cross-Platform Frameworks include:
● React Native
● Xamarin
● Flutter
● Ionic
20

React Native
● Developed by Facebook, React Native is a JavaScript
framework for building mobile apps.
● It uses the same design as React, allowing developers to build
mobile apps using their existing web development skills.
21

Xamarin
● Developed by Microsoft, Xamarin is a C# framework for building
mobile apps.
● It allows developers to share up to 90% of their code across
multiple platforms, while still being able to access native APIs.
22

Flutter
● Developed by Google, Flutter is a framework for building
mobile apps using the Dart programming language.
● It allows developers to build high-performance, customizable
apps with a reactive programming model
23

Ionic
● Ionic is a hybrid mobile app development framework that uses
web technologies (HTML, CSS, and JavaScript) to create apps
that run on multiple platforms.
● Ionic allows developers to use Angular, React, or Vue to build
the app, but is more commonly used with Angular.
24

Pros and Cons of Cross-Platform
Frameworks
● Pros: Cross-platform frameworks allow developers to create
apps that can run on multiple platforms using a single
codebase, saving time and cost. They also allow developers to
use their existing web development skills to build mobile
apps.
● Cons: Cross-platform frameworks may not provide the same
level of performance or access to native APIs
25

Native vrs Cross platform
27
Native Apps Cross-Platform Apps
Cost High Moderate to Low
Code reusability Limited Good
Device access Full Limited
UI consistency Best Good to Moderate
Performance Best Good to Moderate

Problems to solve
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