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Mineral_Nutrition_presentation_20_Slides.pptx
- 1. Mineral Nutrition Comprehensive Overviewin 20 Slides
- 2. Introduction to MineralNutrition • Mineral nutrition involves the study of minerals essential for plant growth. • Plants require minerals for development, metabolism, and reproduction. • Minerals are absorbed as inorganic ions from soil.
- 3. Essential Elements • Classifiedinto macronutrients and micronutrients. • Essential if absence prevents plant from completing life cycle. • Divided by quantity required.
- 4. Macronutrients • Required inlarge amounts. • Include Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sulfur (S). • Constitute structural components or are involved in metabolic activities.
- 5. Micronutrients • Required intrace amounts. • Include Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Boron (B), Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl), Nickel (Ni). • Play roles in enzyme function and electron transport.
- 6. Criteria of Essentiality •Element must be necessary for normal growth and reproduction. • Its function must not be replaceable by another element. • It must be directly involved in plant metabolism.
- 7. Functions of Nitrogen •Component of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids. • Promotes vegetative growth. • Deficiency leads to yellowing (chlorosis).
- 8. Functions of Phosphorus •Part of ATP, nucleic acids, and phospholipids. • Important for energy transfer and root development. • Deficiency causes stunted growth and purple coloration.
- 9. Functions of Potassium •Regulates stomatal opening and closing. • Activates enzymes, involved in protein synthesis. • Deficiency causes leaf scorching and weak stems.
- 10. Calcium and Magnesium •Calcium – important for cell wall and membrane stability. • Magnesium – central atom in chlorophyll, enzyme activation. • Deficiency causes weak cell walls and interveinal chlorosis.
- 11. Sulfur and MicronutrientFunctions • Sulfur – component of amino acids like cysteine and methionine. • Micronutrients – cofactors in enzymes, aid photosynthesis and respiration. • Essential even in small quantities.
- 12. Mineral Uptake Mechanisms •Passive absorption – along concentration gradient. • Active absorption – against concentration gradient using energy. • Ions are absorbed from soil through root hairs.
- 13. Translocation of Minerals •Minerals move through xylem with water. • Can be redistributed from older to younger tissues. • Regulated by transpiration and root pressure.
- 14. Deficiency Symptoms • Symptomsappear in older or younger leaves depending on mobility. • Chlorosis, necrosis, stunted growth, premature leaf fall. • Each element shows specific deficiency signs.
- 15. Toxicity of MineralElements • Excess of minerals can be harmful. • Leads to toxicity symptoms and nutrient imbalance. • E.g., excess manganese can block iron and magnesium uptake.
- 16. Soil as MineralSource • Soil provides most essential minerals. • Mineral availability depends on soil pH, texture, and moisture. • Organic matter improves mineral retention.
- 17. Hydroponics • Technique ofgrowing plants in nutrient solutions without soil. • Used to study mineral requirements experimentally. • Allows precise control of nutrient supply.
- 18. Role of Mycorrhizae •Symbiotic fungi associated with plant roots. • Help in absorption of phosphorus and water. • Enhance plant tolerance to stress.
- 19. Fertilizers and MineralSupply • Fertilizers supplement soil nutrients. • Include NPK fertilizers, organic manures, and micronutrient sprays. • Excessive use can lead to pollution and toxicity.
- 20. Mineral Nutrition inAgriculture • Correct nutrition boosts crop yield and quality. • Deficiency correction improves plant health. • Integrated nutrient management is crucial.
- 21. Conclusion • Minerals arevital for plant life and ecosystem balance. • Balanced nutrition ensures better plant growth and productivity. • Understanding mineral needs helps sustainable agriculture.