3. Elements of human
trafficking
On the basis of the
definition given in the
Trafficking in Persons
Protocol, it is evident
that trafficking in
persons has three
constituent elements;
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5. Types of Human Trafficking
Child Labor
Forced Labor
Sex Trafficking
Bonded Labor
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6. Forced Labor
The majority of human
trafficking in the world takes the
form of forced labor, according
to the ILO’s estimate on forced
labor. Also known as involuntary
servitude, forced labor may
result when unscrupulous
employers take advantage of
gaps in law enforcement to
exploit vulnerable workers.
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7. Bonded Labor
One form of force or
coercion is the use of
a bond, or debt, to
keep a person under
subjugation. This is
referred to in law
and policy as
“bonded labor” or
“debt bondage.”
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8. Forced Child Labor
Most international
organizations and
national laws recognize
that children may legally
engage in light work.
There is a growing
concensus, however,
that the worst forms of
child labor should be
eradicated.
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9. Sex Trafficking
The recruitment,
harboring,
transportation, provision,
or obtaining of a person
for the purpose of a
commercial sex act
where such an act is
induced by force, fraud,
or coercion, or in which
the person induced to
perform such act has not
attained 18 years of age.
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