Adjectives are commonly used words that can be used to describe people, objects, and surroundings. The document provides a list of example adjectives like "beautiful", "ugly", "tall", and "short" and encourages writing a short 4-5 sentence descriptive paragraph about a special person using at least 5 adjectives. It includes a sample descriptive paragraph about the author's mother that describes her appearance and background using adjectives like "little bit fat", "not tall", and "wavy hair". The document assigns students to write a similar short descriptive paragraph about a friend, family member, idol, or neighbor.