The document discusses the concepts of globalization including its dimensions and causes of labor issues. It analyzes the role of labor according to type and gender as well as the concept and reasons for migration due to globalization. Six epochs of globalization are identified with the beginning rooted in specific historical events. Perspectives on globalization include its economic and non-economic aspects integrated through foreign investment, trade, capital flows, movement of people and technology. Issues around labor demand, flexible work, contractualization, migration, and skills/training are also examined.

2. WILLIAM C. WARE
Master Teacher I
Gumaca National High School
Development Academy of the Philippines, Tagaytay City
July 10-14, 2017

4. Nasusuri ang konsepto at dimensyon ng globalisasyon.
Naipaliliwanag ang mga dahilan ng pagkakaroon ng
iba’t-ibang suliranin sa paggawa.
Nasusuri ang bahaging ginagampanan ng lakas-
paggawa ayon sa uri at kasarian.
Naipaliliwanag ang konsepto at dahilan ng
migrasyon dulot ng globalisasyon.

5.  Ito’y isang mahabang siklo ng kaganapan;
 Nakaugat na sa bawat isa;
 Ito’y pinaniniwalaang may anim na epoch;
 Ang simula ng globalisasyon ay mauugat sa
ispesipikong pangyayaring naganap sa
kasaysayan.
Perspektibo o pananaw kaugnay ng
globalisasyon
at

6.  direct foreign investment (e.g. MNCs, TNCs);
 trade in goods and services (e.g. OFWs, outsourcing);
 short term capital flows;
 international movement of people;
 flows of technology.
Integration of national economies into
the international economy
and
through:

7.  communications
 cultural;
 political integration (ASEAN Community)
Important non-economic aspects:
; and

8.  with sharp falling transportation and
communication costs;
 global scale production networks and value
chains.
Global trade and investment has grown
rapidly
and

9.  Financial development (but exposed to deep
financial crises especially when local financial
institutions were weak and foreign capital was
quickly withdrawn).
Integration into global economy led to
rapid financial liberalization

10.  More protection or more liberalization?
 Free trade or fair trade?
There will be both winners and losers

11.  More factors of production needed (labor, capital)
Globalization: increased trade of goods and
services, local and foreign investments
With larger market, higher demand for
goods and services
 Demand for factors of production as derived
demand

12.  Demand for labor is dependent on the demand for
the outputs where labor is used to produce.
Demand for labor depends on the demand for
the product or service labor is helping to
produce or provide.
 Labor is demanded by a firm if and only if,
households (or other firms) demand the good or
service they produce or offer
 Labor demand is flexible

13.  Highly variable
Demand for labor depends on product
standards and skills/competencies
required/desired by employers
 Decent job regulation

14. 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Labor Force (in million)
Both 35,464 36,213 36,805 37,892 38,893 40,006 40,426 41,022 41,379
Men 21,811 22,217 22,673 23,173 23,729 24,345 24,616 24,968 25,093
Women 13,653 13,995 14,132 14,719 15,164 15,660 15,810 16,055 16,286
Labor Force Participation Rate (%)
Both 64.2 64.0 63.6 64.0 64.1 64.6 64.2 63.9 64.6
Men 79.3 78.8 78.8 78.6 78.5 79.0 78.5 78.1 78.6
Women 49.3 49.3 48.6 49.4 49.7 50.4 50.0 49.9 50.7
Employment Rate (%)
Both 92.0 92.7 92.6 92.5 92.7 93.0 93.0 92.9 93.4
Men 91.8 92.5 92.4 92.4 92.4 92.7 92.8 92.7 93.1
Women 92.4 93.0 92.9 92.8 93.1 93.4 93.3 93.2 93.9
Unemployment Rate (%)
Both 8.0 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.0 7.0 7.1 6.6
Men 8.2 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.3 7.2 7.3 6.9
Women 7.6 7.0 7.1 7.2 6.9 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.1

15. Class of Worker April 2016
Philippines
(number in thousands)
40,664
Total 100.0
Wage and Salary Workers 61.6
Worked for Private Household 5.0
Worked for Private Establishment 48.4
Worked with Pay in Family Business 0.4
Worked for Government 7.9
Self-employed without Any Paid Employee 26.8
Employer 3.3
Unpaid Family Workers 8.3

16. ______
__________________________
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators
Mining, Construction and Related Trade Workers
Armed Forces
Metal, Machinery and Related Trades Workers
Fishermen
Stationary Plant and Related Operators
Farmers and Other Plant Growers
Laborers in Mining, Construction, Manufacturing and Transport
Forestry and Related Workers
Physical, Mathematical and Engineering Science Professionals
Physical Science and Engineering Associate Professionals
Other Occupations Not Classifiable
Precision, Handicraft, Printing and Related Trades Workers
Officials of Government and Special-Interest Organizations
Supervisors
Agricultural, Forestry, Fishery and Related Laborers
Personal and Protective Service Workers
Machine Operators and Assemblers
Corporate Executives and Specialized Managers
Related Associate Professionals
Other Professionals
Animal Producers
Other Craft and Related Trades Workers
Models, Salespersons and Demonstrators
Customer Services Clerks
General Managers or Managing-Proprietors
Office Clerks
Sales and Services Elementary Occupations
Life Science and Health Professionals
Teaching Associate Professionals
Life Science and Health Associate Professionals
Teaching Professionals

17. 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0
Extra Territorial Occupation
Mining and Quarying
Electricity, Gas, and Water
Construction
Fishing
Transportation
Financial Intermediation
Real Estate
Health and Social Work
Other Community Services
Hotels
Public Administration
Education
Manufacturing
Private Houehold with Employed Workers
Agriculture, Hunting, and Forestry
Wholesale and Retail

18.  Flexible labor
Cheap labor: Advantage or disadvantage?
Contractualization
 More sub-contracting of labor?
Stop endo policy vs. contractualization
 Firm closure due to high cost? loose
competitiveness?

19. Migration will flow from areas of
relatively poor earnings to places where
opportunities are better
People are attracted to areas where the
real earnings of full-time workers are
highest

20. Quality Assurance
Forced labor, human trafficking and slavery
 Bologna Accord, Washington Accord
Brain-drain and brawn-drain

21. Understanding the K-12 Basic
Education Program

22. “Education is the key to the long-term
problems of the country. If we fix basic
education, we fix the long-term problems of
the country. And if we fix the country’s
problems, we will build a truly strong society.
. .”
-Pres. Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III

23. 10-Point Basic Education Agenda
1. 12-Year Basic Education Cycle
2. Universal Kindergarten
3. Madaris Education
4. Technical-Vocational Education
5. Every Child a Reader by Grade One
6. Science and Math Proficiency
7. GASTPE (Gov. Assistance to Student and Teachers to Private Education)
8. Medium of Instruction
9. Quality Textbooks
10. Covenant with LGUs

24. The Philippines is the only remaining
country in Asia with a 10-year pre-
university program.

25. Our graduates are being disadvantaged
by their youth and inadequate
preparation. . .
 The majority who do not go to college are too young to
enter the labor force. Thus, they would either be
unemployed or be vulnerable to exploitative labor
practices.
 Those who may be interested to set up businesses
cannot legally enter into contracts.

26. The few, (only 23%) who would proceed
to tertiary education, usually have to
undergo remedial and high school level
classes in colleges and universities.
Those who graduate (17%) may not be
recognized as professionals abroad.

27. Our graduates are being disadvantaged by their youth and
inadequate preparation. . .
The Washington Accord prescribes 12 years
of basic education as an entry to recognition
of engineering professionals.
The Bologna Accord requires 12 years of
education for university admission and
practice of profession in European countries.