mmc

1. Recent Scenarios in MMC’S
Presented by
Ms.E.Jamuna,
Asst.Prof / Mechanical
The Kavery Engineering College,
Mecheri, Salem
No Limits to Imagination……

2. What are you going to learn?
• What are the Materials?
• What is composite materials?
• Why composites over metals?
• What factors influence mechanical properties of a composite
• What are the common types of fibers and matrices?
• How do we classify composites?
• Give applications of Metal Matrix Composite Materials.

3. What are the Materials?
• Materials are the substance that objects are made.
• We use a wide range of different materials
• Metals – Ferrous and Non-Ferrous
• Non- Metal – Plastic, Wood, Glass, Ceramics

5. What is a composite?
• A composite is a structural material which consists of combining
two or more separate materials that lead to improved properties
over the individual components.

6. Why composites over metals?
• High Strength
• Composite materials have high strength compare traditional materials
due to aligned fibers carrying the load

7. • High Stiffness
Composites are stiffer than conventional materials of same weight
due to their adaptive nature one can align fibers in the directions to
carrying the load.

8. • Tailored Design
• Composites are lighter than traditional materials due to their Tailorability
they can be designed to minimum weight without scarifying strength.

9. How do we classify composites?
• Polymer Matrix Composites
• Ceramic Matrix Composites
• Carbon / Carbon composites
• Metal Matrix Composites

10. Polymer Matrix Composites
• What are the drawbacks of polymer matrix composites?
• Low operating temperatures
• Low elastic properties in certain directions

11. Ceramic Matrix Composites
• Ceramic matrix composites have matrices of alumina, calcium alumino silicate (CAS),
lithium alumino silicate (LAS). Examples include Silicon Carbide/CAS and Carbon/LAS.

12. Metal Matrix Composites
• The design requirement to make products lighter but still maintain their productivity has
increased the demand on metal matrix composites (MMCs). These materials are being
used in a variety of industries, including automotive and aerospace applications.
• Manufacturers then utilize these composites to create better, more stable, and lighter
weight products for various industries (i.e., automotive, aerospace, and defense)

13. Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) Market Analysis By Product
(Aluminum, Nickel, Refractory) By End-use (Ground Transportation,
Electronics/Thermal Management, Aerospace) And Segment Forecasts To 2022.
The global metal matrix composite market was
5,824.5 tons in 2013. Growing transportation
industry on account of increasing global and
domestic trade is expected to fuel the MMC
market over the forecast period. Composite
alloys are primarily used for manufacturing
durable and lightweight parts for
electronics/thermal management, ground
transportation, aerospace, marine, defense and
nuclear industries.

14. Cont….
• Reinforced alloys possess enhanced material properties such as increased coefficient of friction &
thermal conductivity and reduced wear resistance, which make the product durable and
lightweight. Increasing focus on performance enhancement in terms of both fuel efficiency and
safety is expected to fuel advanced materials demand from automotive, aerospace, and marine
industries.
• Technology development programs have been sponsored by the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency to manufacture graphite or magnesium tubes for truss
structure applications by filament winding vacuum casting process.
• This technology development program was carried out by Lockheed Martin Space Systems and
Fiber Materials. Technological advancements coupled with government initiatives to promote
innovation in material science are anticipated to affect positively product demand over the next
seven years.

15. • MMC finds applications in various niche segments such as power
semiconductor packages, radiator panels & battery sleeves, black box
enclosures, microwave modules, and printed circuit board heat sinks. MMC
with a broad range of functional properties including isotropic properties and
high structural efficiency offer the great potential for a wide range of space
system applications.
Cont….

16. Servicing Temperature of Composites

17. Advantages of MMCs
• Higher specific strength and modulus over metals.
• Lower coefficients of thermal expansion than metals by reinforcing with
graphite.
• Maintenance of high strength properties at high temperatures.

18.  Automotive Industry
 Aerospace Industry
 Electrical & Electronics Industry
 Military
Major application in MMC’S

19. Automotive Industry
• Automotive Industries offers an Opportunity to Reduce Vehicle Weight, Improve
Performance.
• These materials can be tailored to be lightweight and with various other properties
including:
High specific strength and specific stiffness
High hardness and wear resistance
Low coefficients of friction and thermal expansion
High thermal conductivity
High energy absorption and a damping capacity

20. Pistons and Cylinder liners
• Aluminum engine blocks typically require cast
iron cylinder liners due to poor wear
characteristics of aluminum.
• Porsche is using MMC’s for cylinder liners by
integrating a porous silicon preform into the
cast aluminum block
• Honda uses a similar method incorporating
alumina and carbon fibers in the bores of die
cast aluminum.
• These practices improve wear characteristics
and cooling efficiency over cast iron liners.
• Aluminum graphite pistons and liners were
tested in gas and diesel engines and in race
cars, resulting in reduced friction coefficients
and wear rates.

21. AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
• Lower weight implies more fright.
• In space craft 1kg of weight implies saving of
2tonnes of propellant from earth to MARS.
• Composite materials can provide a much better
strength-to-weight ratio than metals,
sometimes by as much as 20% better.
• The lower weight results in lower fuel
consumption and emissions and, lower
manufacturing costs.

22. Composite Structure in Aircraft

23. Boeing 777 & 787 Fan Exit Guide Vane

25. Boeing 777
• MMCs are being used in commercial aircraft as well. It shows an application on
the MMC’s in the fan-exit guide vane of a Pratt&WhitneyengineonaBoing777.
• The MMC replaced a Carbon/Epoxy composite that had problems with foreign
object damage(FOD).
• Boeing787 is the first commercial jet transport to be manufactured out of
predominantly composite materials.
• Traditional metallic materials are characterized by the isotropic nature of their
material properties.
• SiC particle reinforced aluminum-based MMC in the fan-exit guide vane of a Pratt
& Whitney engine on a Boeing 777.

26. Space Shuttle Orbiter - Space Plane
• The first successful application of continuous-fiber
reinforced MMC has been the application of B/Al
tubular struts used as the frame and rib truss
members in the mid-fuselage section, and as the
landing gear drag link of the Space Shuttle Orbiter.
• Several hundred B/Al tube assemblies with titanium
collars and end fittings were produced for each
shuttle orbiter. In this application, the B/Al tubes
provided 45% weight savings over the baseline
aluminum design.

27. Space Craft
• The major application of Gr/Al composite is a
high-gain antenna boom for the Hubble Space
Telescope made with diffusion-bonded sheet
of P100 graphite fibers in 6061 Al.
• This boom (3.6 m long) offers the desired
stiffness and low CTE to maintain the position
of the antenna during space maneuvers.

28. • In addition, it provides the wave-guide function,
with the MMC’s excellent electrical conductivity
enabling electrical-signal transmission between
the spacecraft and the antenna dish. Also
contributing to its success in this function is the
MMC’s high dimensional stability—the material
maintains internal dimensional tolerance of
±0.15 mm along the entire length.
Space Craft

29. Military - US Army Tank
• Light-weighting Technology, successfully combines
an MMC brake wear surface inside a low-cost and
easy-to-machine cast-aluminum drum brake body.
• Combination metal-matrix composite
(MMC)/aluminum brake drum is a lightweight
alternative to cast iron and steel brake drums in
military vehicles.