2. Mental Health
WHO Definition
Mental health is a state of well-being in
which an individual
• realizes his or her own abilities
• can cope with the normal stresses of life
• can work productively and is able to make
a contribution to his or her community
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response
3. PIc credit :Shashank Hudkar on Unsplash
10% of people are estimated to have atleast one
mental health problem
National Mental Health Survey 2015-16
12. ಮಾನಸಿಕ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ
ಮನಸಿನ ಎಲ್
ಲ ಕ್ರ
ಿ ಯೆಗಳು
ಏರುಪೇರಾಗಿ
ಅಸಂಬದ್ಧ ವಾಗಿ ೨
ವಾರಗಾಳಿಗೂ ಹೆಚ್ಚು
ಕಾಲ್ ಉಳಿದಾಗಳ
Mental Illness
All mental functions
IRRELEVANT – ABNORMAL
for 2 weeks or more
MENTAL ILLNESS
DISTURBS ALL
12
16. 16
ಖಿನನ ತೆ - ಸಿ
್ ರೀಯರಲ್ಲ
ಲ ಹೆಚ್ಚು
DEPRESSION - More in
Women
ಒಟ್ಟು In Total More in Women
60:40
ದುಶ್ು ಟಗಳು – ಪುರುಷರಲ್ಲ
ಲ
ಹೆಚ್ಚು
ADDICTIONS – More in
Men
53. 53
ಗಮನಿಸಿ
ಮೆದುಳಿನ ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಅಸಮತೀಲ್ನ (95%)
ಮೆದುಳಿಗೆ ಹಾನಿ (5%) ಮನೀರೀಗಳಗಳಳಿಗೆ ಕಾರಣ
REMEMBER
MENTAL ILLNESS ARE DUE TO CHEMICAL IMBALANCE IN
BRAIN (95%) or BRAIN DAMAGE (5%) cases,
54. 10 % population have M D
54
Depression
Anxiety
Somatization
Addictions
Bi Polar
Schizophrenia
Dementia in elders
ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯಯ ಯ 10% ಜನರಗೆ ಮಾನಸಿಕ
ಕಾಯಿಲೆ
•ಖಿನನ ತೆ
• ಆತಂಕ
• ಮನೀದೈಹಕ
• ಚಟಗಳು
• ಬೈಪೀಲಾರ್
• ಸಿಕ ಜೀಫ್
ಿ ೀನಿಯ
• ಮರೆವಿನ ಕಾಯಿಲೆ (ವೃದ್ಧ ರಲ್ಲ
ಲ )
67. Quiz No. 1
These are stuffs youngsters use to counter the
signs of cannabis smoke
68. Quiz No: 3
The term “chemsex”, coming from the
contraction of “chemical sex” was coined to
indicate the voluntary intake of certain
psychoactive and non psychoactive drugs in the
context of sex parties and sexual intercourses
with the intention of facilitating and/or enhancing
the sexual encounter mostly among men who
have sex with other men (MSM)
Commonly used drugs: GHB, Mephedrone,
Crystal Meth
69. Mr. Y 19 years old reports to you that he is
feeling sad, decreased appetite and sleep,
after his results have been declared. So he
started consuming alcohol.
How will you help him?
70. SUBSTANCES DEPENDENCE DISORDERS
Dependence Criteria:
Tolerance
Craving
Dependence Withdrawal symptoms
Salience
Loss of control
Knowledge
Since past 1 year at least 3 criteria
71. Mr. J, 20 years old reports to you feeling sad,
confused, poor memory and concentrate,
generalized weakness, not interested in meeting
his friends, feels that nobody can help him,
crying spells and death wishes.
All these symptoms started after his death of his
mother 1 week back.
How will you help him?
72. DEPRESSION
Major symptoms:
Feeling sad, Loss of interest and enjoyment, Reduced
energy………………..(Pervasive )
Minor symptoms:
Reduced attention and conc. Reduced self-esteem and confidence.
Guilt and unworthiness. Bleak and pessimistic view of future.
Self-harm and suicide. Decreased Sleep and appetite.
Decreased PMA . Decreased Libido.
Early morning awakening. Increased sadness in the morning.
73. Miss A, 15 years old reports of feeling deserted
and wants to end her life since today morning,
when her boy friend said
bye!! bye!! bye!! to her.
74. Adjustment disorder
Emotional or behavioral symptoms in the context
of one or more identified psychosocial stressors.
It should be brief lasting
75. Miss G, 17 years old is finding extremely difficult
to express her feelings to her friend. She
becomes extremely anxious in front of him and
avoids meeting him. She also feels that she is
not attractive. Recently she could not perform
her viva/practical exams properly.
76. Anxiety disorders
ANXIETY IS A COMMONLY EXPERIENCED
EMOTION BY ALL HUMAN BEINGS
• PANIC DISORDER.
• GENERALISED ANXIETY DISORDER.
• AGORAPHOBIAS.
• SOCIAL PHOBIAS.
• POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
77. Anxiety disorders
Behavior Therapy
Supportive therapy
Reassurance
Problem solving
Positive thinking
Talk about stress
Stress Management
Family support
Economical support
Life events
Frustration --- ventilation
• RELAXATION
• YOGA
• BREATHING EXERCISE
• MEDITATION
• PRAYER
78. • Mr O, 16 years old reports to you that
• He has difficulty in concentration, poor memory and
feels anxious all the time without any reason.
• On probing he reports that he gets repeated doubts that
his hands are dirty and feel like washing repeatedly.
• He also gets repeated doubts about day to day events
like locking the door, counting money, writing, reading
and so forth.
• He feels that he should check repeatedly to ensure
himself.
80. • Miss K, 14 years old extremely difficult to find
time to study. She has to work in a Xerox shop
after her school, which is the only source of
income to their family.
• Her father had a stroke 1 month back and
brother died in an accident 2 years back.
How will you help her?
83. Effects of Stress
Stage 1- The Initial Alarm Reaction…The “Fight or Flight” Response
Stage 2- Intensification or Recovery
Stage 3- Adaptation
Stage 4- Exhaustion
84. Stress Management
• Life Style
• Awareness and managing emotions
• Effect of stress on body
• Time out
• Relaxation techniques
• Cognitive appraisal and modification
• Problem solving & decision making
• Time Management
• Assertiveness and Communication
• Enrichment: Hobbies, sports, music, yoga
• Socio-cultural and Spiritual domain
85. • Mr J, 17 year old boy reports to you saying
that he is feeling sad and wants to run away
from home.
• Reason being that his father is extremely critical
about his scoring in exams and compares his
scores to the neighborhood children.
86. Family discord
Family intervention is required
If boy is really poor in academics
Selective learning deficits
87. • Mr. R 22 years old boy becomes extremely
angry on minor provocation and at times he had
become violent hence had only few friends.
• On talking to him you find that he had multiple
attempts of deliberate self harm in the past.
89. • Mr. X, 21 year old reports to you that he
wants to quit his exams since he finds it
extremely difficult to cope with/meet his
parent’s expectations.
• He feels that he is good for nothing and
planning to end his life.
If Mr. X is asking for confidentiality then
what will you do?
91. COMMON CAUSES OF SUICIDE
DEPRESSION
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER
PERSONALITY DISORDER
SUBSTANCE ABUSE
ORGANIC BRAIN SYNDROME
SCHIZOPHRENIA
OTHER MENTAL DISORDERS
92. Contemplating suicide
Don't ignore
Don’t scold them
Don’t confront
Past history of attempt
Family history of suicide
Substance use
Allow them to cry
Allow them to talk
93. Do’s
If you suspect someone may considering suicide –
Do something now!
Take the suicide threat seriously.
If in doubt, ASK!
( “Are you thinking about hurting yourself ? “
“How do you think you will do it?”)
It is important to find out if plans have been made, and if a time and
method have been chosen.
Share your concern and clearly communicate your support.
Encourage the person to talk about his or her feelings. Use active
listening.
Encourage the person to brainstorm ideas about what to do now.
94. DON’T’s
Don’t moralize, scold, act shocked, argue about the
value of life or make the person feel guilty about causing
suffering for family and friends.
Doubt about the level of risk, consider the risk to be on
the higher side and get assistance.
Don’t leave the person alone if you sense the risk is high
and immediate.
Don’t promise confidentiality about suicidal behaviors.
Don’t tackle this alone.
Encourage to meet mental health professional
95. • Mr N, 23 year old, was doing well till one
month back. From one month has
noticed
• Withdrawn behavior
• Talking to self, smiling to self
• Suspicious that someone is trying to
harm him and monitoring through a micro
chip
• Says someone is following him when he
goes out, suspects that his thoughts are
controlled
• Not sleeping or eating properly. Poor self
care
101. Delusions- Firm, false, fixed unshakable beliefs that are not based on culture &
reality.
Believing others are going to harm Fear
102. Life skills
Abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour,that
enable individuals to deal effectively with the
demands and challenges of everyday life (WHO
1993)
103. Life skills
Problem solving - decision making
Critical thinking - creative thinking
Communication skills- interpersonal skills
Self awareness - empathy
Coping with stress - coping with emotions
