This document summarizes proceedings from an FAO meeting in Santiago, Chile regarding actions to prevent and detect Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Latin America and the Caribbean. The meeting reviewed FAO technical assistance projects that strengthened early detection systems and emergency response capacity. Experts discussed surveillance best practices, diagnostic laboratory networks, contingency planning, communication strategies, and potential vaccination approaches. The meeting aimed to define future collaborative activities between countries, FAO, OIE, and other international organizations to further prevent HPAI introduction and spread in the region.
This document summarizes updates on the implementation of the International Health Regulations from the World Health Assembly and next steps. It reports that 63 countries have achieved core IHR capacities, 75 countries requested a second extension, and over 50% of implementation plans lacked full information. It outlines that a review committee will advise on granting extensions until 2016 and accelerating IHR use. Regional consultations are developing concepts for standards, verification of capacities, and a global body to assess achievements and verify data annually and report to the World Health Assembly. Questions are posed about the proposed approach and mechanisms to the WHO European Region.
Animal Protection and Quarantine System Indonesia-EU CEPA - BARANTAN, Denpasa...Tata Naipospos
The document describes Indonesia's animal protection and quarantine system. It provides details on the organizational structure of relevant government bodies, including the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health and the Agricultural Quarantine Agency. It also discusses regulations, disease surveillance programs, import/export protocols, and future challenges around ensuring food safety and managing disease risks.
Cameroon animal health system & emergency management systemarsene meba
Cameroon's animal health system and emergency management program were presented. Key points included:
1. Cameroon has a national animal health emergency plan and organizational chart in place but gaps remain in fully integrating sectors and establishing regional emergency operation centers.
2. Emergency categories include natural disasters, diseases, accidents, and social/political risks. Emergencies are coordinated by various ministries depending on the type and level.
3. Goals for the fellowship include strengthening Cameroon's animal health emergency management program by developing standard operating procedures, an incident action plan, and an emergency management plan.
Presented at Michigan State University's WorldTAP International Short Course in Food Safety on July 31, 2009. (http://foodsafetyknowledgenetwork.org/worldtap/foodsafety09)
This document discusses India's animal quarantine services and their objectives of preventing the introduction of exotic livestock diseases. It outlines the quarantine stations located across India and their economic importance in saving money through disease prevention and increasing exports. Regulations regarding livestock imports and exports are discussed, highlighting the need for mandatory animal quarantine clearance. Proper technical export certification is emphasized as important for increasing trade and meeting international standards.
Guidelines on farm feeds registration requirements march 2015MIstyVAlley
This document provides guidelines on the procedures and data requirements for registering farm feeds in South Africa. It outlines the registration process and types of applications that can be submitted, including new registrations, renewals, amendments and more. Detailed technical data must be submitted depending on the type of feed, such as raw materials, additives, compound feeds and others. The document specifies who can apply, how to complete the application forms, labels and proof of payment requirements. It also addresses altering, withdrawing or submitting applications and handling confidential business information.
Egypt's poultry sector is a vital part of the agricultural economy and livelihood for over 7.5 million households. In 2006, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was introduced, infecting over 40 million birds and 89 humans. FAO established an emergency response unit and implemented over $20 million in projects to strengthen Egypt's veterinary services and preparedness. Key efforts included establishing epidemiological surveillance networks, developing a robust diagnostic laboratory capacity, creating HPAI control strategies and policies, and promoting farm biosecurity through behavioral communication programs. These capacities now support control of other transboundary animal diseases that could cause pandemics.
This document summarizes updates on the implementation of the International Health Regulations from the World Health Assembly and next steps. It reports that 63 countries have achieved core IHR capacities, 75 countries requested a second extension, and over 50% of implementation plans lacked full information. It outlines that a review committee will advise on granting extensions until 2016 and accelerating IHR use. Regional consultations are developing concepts for standards, verification of capacities, and a global body to assess achievements and verify data annually and report to the World Health Assembly. Questions are posed about the proposed approach and mechanisms to the WHO European Region.
Animal Protection and Quarantine System Indonesia-EU CEPA - BARANTAN, Denpasa...Tata Naipospos
The document describes Indonesia's animal protection and quarantine system. It provides details on the organizational structure of relevant government bodies, including the Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health and the Agricultural Quarantine Agency. It also discusses regulations, disease surveillance programs, import/export protocols, and future challenges around ensuring food safety and managing disease risks.
Cameroon animal health system & emergency management systemarsene meba
Cameroon's animal health system and emergency management program were presented. Key points included:
1. Cameroon has a national animal health emergency plan and organizational chart in place but gaps remain in fully integrating sectors and establishing regional emergency operation centers.
2. Emergency categories include natural disasters, diseases, accidents, and social/political risks. Emergencies are coordinated by various ministries depending on the type and level.
3. Goals for the fellowship include strengthening Cameroon's animal health emergency management program by developing standard operating procedures, an incident action plan, and an emergency management plan.
Presented at Michigan State University's WorldTAP International Short Course in Food Safety on July 31, 2009. (http://foodsafetyknowledgenetwork.org/worldtap/foodsafety09)
This document discusses India's animal quarantine services and their objectives of preventing the introduction of exotic livestock diseases. It outlines the quarantine stations located across India and their economic importance in saving money through disease prevention and increasing exports. Regulations regarding livestock imports and exports are discussed, highlighting the need for mandatory animal quarantine clearance. Proper technical export certification is emphasized as important for increasing trade and meeting international standards.
Guidelines on farm feeds registration requirements march 2015MIstyVAlley
This document provides guidelines on the procedures and data requirements for registering farm feeds in South Africa. It outlines the registration process and types of applications that can be submitted, including new registrations, renewals, amendments and more. Detailed technical data must be submitted depending on the type of feed, such as raw materials, additives, compound feeds and others. The document specifies who can apply, how to complete the application forms, labels and proof of payment requirements. It also addresses altering, withdrawing or submitting applications and handling confidential business information.
Egypt's poultry sector is a vital part of the agricultural economy and livelihood for over 7.5 million households. In 2006, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was introduced, infecting over 40 million birds and 89 humans. FAO established an emergency response unit and implemented over $20 million in projects to strengthen Egypt's veterinary services and preparedness. Key efforts included establishing epidemiological surveillance networks, developing a robust diagnostic laboratory capacity, creating HPAI control strategies and policies, and promoting farm biosecurity through behavioral communication programs. These capacities now support control of other transboundary animal diseases that could cause pandemics.
GWU - Current Trends & Opportunities in Government ContractingJSchaus & Associates
The George Washington University along with Jennifer Schaus & Associates hosted a complimentary webinar on Current Trends & Opportunities in US Federal Government Contracting. Topics covered 3 main areas - FSSI, Federal Strategic Sourcing Initiative, LPTA, Lowest Price Technically Acceptable and Small Business Set-Asides. To view the slide with the recording, please visit: https://gwu.adobeconnect.com/_a948849616/p2pvw5m2s86/?launcher=false&fcsContent=true&pbMode=normal
Riaan Pieterse is a South African music producer and composer known as "Maestro" who works in various genres including electro-dance-pop. He has produced music for films such as Ghostbusters 3 and Zombieland. Maestro holds the #1 spot on ReverbNation's electronica and dance charts and is working with singer Emma Lock. He is looking to sign with a major record label in order to place his music with popular artists and in more films/games soundtracks.
Cynthia Stephenson's personal statement discusses the many changes and life experiences that have shaped her, including her parents' divorce, moving frequently as a child, and experiencing a robbery while working. These experiences have led her to be interested in psychology and helping children. She has worked in various roles assisting youth, including as a group home manager. She is now pursuing a bachelor's degree in psychology to allow her to help children and families through a career in social services or counseling.
Weichselgartner, E. (2011, Februar).
Identifying psychological research data in the digital environment. (PDF) IDSC of IZA/Gesis/RatSWD Workshop: Persistent Identifiers for the Social Sciences, Bonn.
With the rise of web 2.0 and social media platforms taking over vast tracts of territory on the internet, the media landscape has shifted drastically in the past 20 years, transforming previously stable relationships between media creators and consumers. The Social Media Reader is the first collection to address the collective transformation with pieces on social media, peer production, copyright politics, and other aspects of contemporary internet culture from all the major thinkers in the field.
Culling a broad range and incorporating different styles of scholarship from foundational pieces and published articles to unpublished pieces, journalistic accounts, personal narratives from blogs, and whitepapers, The Social Media Reader promises to be an essential text, with contributions from Lawrence Lessig, Henry Jenkins, Clay Shirky, Tim O’Reilly, Chris Anderson, Yochai Benkler, danah boyd, and Fred von Loehmann, to name a few. It covers a wide-ranging topical terrain, much like the internet itself, with particular emphasis on collaboration and sharing, the politics of social media and social networking, Free Culture and copyright politics, and labor and ownership. Theorizing new models of collaboration, identity, commerce, copyright, ownership, and labor, these essays outline possibilities for cultural democracy that arise when the formerly passive audience becomes active cultural creators, while warning of the dystopian potential of new forms of surveillance and control.
Publisher NYU Press, 2012
Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA) license
ISBN 0814763022, 9780814763025
289 pages
Supercharge Your Facebook Fans - Updated 11/28/12Swift Kick
These are our latest slides (11/28/12) for our presentation on how to Supercharge your Facebook Fans for more Likes and more Engagement. To learn more about Swift Kick, visit www.swiftkickonline.com.
Baking has become popular again due to cooking shows focusing on baking, like Cake Boss and DC Cupcakes. These shows have inspired many home bakers and introduced baking as a creative outlet. Baking is also seen as a stress reliever and a way to make others happy through baked goods. The document discusses the history of baking various items like cakes, cookies, and pies and how ingredients and recipes have evolved over time.
The direct selling industry is experiencing significant growth and attracting more attention from investors. Technological advances have increased the reach of direct selling companies' social business model. Major direct selling companies generated over $125 billion in global revenue in 2010, demonstrating the economic power of the industry. Increased interest from financial analysts, investors and private equity firms indicates that direct selling is viewed as a strong business opportunity.
Pigeon Algorithm Overview - State of Search 2014SIM Partners
We we will be diving deep into Google’s Pigeon algorithm update. What is it? Why was it released? How does it relate to other major algorithm updates Google has released over the last few years? What are some of the primary indicators of what types of businesses and sites benefited from this update? How have the SERPs shifted? What do other local search experts think about this change? How does this impact the future of local search? How many reaction gifs can one presentation possibly contain? All of these questions and more will be answered during this session.
The document summarizes how the media ecology has changed from the industrial age to the information age. It notes that information is now abundant, cheap, and personally oriented rather than institutionally oriented. It also discusses how the internet has become ubiquitous and how people now access and store information through wireless devices and cloud-based services. The document then lists 10 ways the media ecosystem has changed, such as the volume, variety, and velocity of information increasing and the emergence of social networks and user-generated content.
This document summarizes key findings from a Pew Research Center report about digital differences and disparities in internet access. Some key points:
- While internet adoption has increased overall, one in five American adults still do not use the internet. Non-users tend to be older, lower-income, less educated, and Spanish speakers.
- Lack of a home broadband connection also persists, with four in ten American adults not having high-speed internet at home. Younger, higher-income, and more educated groups are more likely to have broadband.
- Mobile internet use is increasing access for traditionally underserved groups, but digital differences remain related to age, income, education, disability status, and other
This document provides an overview of the Marine Corps Institute course on tactical decision making for staff noncommissioned officers. It outlines the scope and objectives of the course, lists references used in developing the course, and provides a table of contents for the course chapters which will cover topics like decision making processes, situational decisions for warfighting, and developing decision makers. The estimated time to complete the self-paced course is 12 hours and 30 minutes.
Table Of Contents Ppt For Iwillteachyoutoberich Bookramit
The document outlines the table of contents for a book on personal finance. It describes 9 chapters that cover topics like optimizing credit cards, choosing bank accounts, opening investment accounts, conscious spending, automating finances, understanding financial experts, investing options, maintaining a financial system, and applying finances to life events. The overall goal of the book is to teach readers how to manage their money effectively and work towards financial independence and wealth.
Build Buzz for Your Biz: 23 Creative and Inexpensive Marketing Strategies Th...23 Kazoos LLC.
This document provides advice on creating a memorable customer experience to attract new customers and generate buzz for a business. It discusses how Starbucks lost its competitive edge by allowing its unique customer experience to become common and expected on every corner, rather than continuing to innovate and surprise customers. The author argues that businesses should focus on creating an "out-of-this-world, fantastic, friendly, welcoming experience" rather than resting on past successes. Maintaining a memorable customer experience is key to continued success.
This document presents the revised Global Strategy for Prevention and Control of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). The strategy aims to provide a long-term vision and goals to control and ultimately eradicate H5N1 HPAI at the global, regional, and national levels based on lessons learned over the past four years of efforts to control the disease globally. Key aspects of the strategy include priorities and strategic approaches across multiple domains, as well as short, medium, and long-term actions needed at each level to progressively control
GRP120_Perceptions and misconceptions of aquacultureKathrin Bacher
This document provides a global overview of perceptions and misconceptions of aquaculture based on a review of various studies. It finds that public concerns about aquaculture relate primarily to environmental impacts, food safety, and animal welfare. Perceptions are influenced by demographic factors and vary regionally. There is a lack of public understanding about modern aquaculture practices. The report makes recommendations for improving public understanding, including addressing social and environmental issues, increasing transparency, collaborating with other stakeholders, and investing in aquaculture education.
This document summarizes the findings of 8 case studies on resource-seeking foreign direct investment in African agriculture. The main findings were:
1) FDI in African agriculture has been directed towards sectors like food/cash crop production, biofuels, and agro-processing. Investor countries include European, Asian, Middle Eastern and other African nations.
2) Impacts varied across countries and locations, depending on investment contracts, business models and host country policies/institutions. Benefits included jobs, productivity gains, and technology transfer, but some projects reduced opportunities for local farmers.
3) Legal frameworks for land acquisition, use and smallholder rights were often unclear and lacked transparency, potentially hindering local
Pest risk analysis (PRA) is a core process within the scope of the IPPC and an important science-based evaluation tool for NPPOs. The Technical Panel on Commodity Standards (TPCS) was established in 2019 by the CPM to support the development of technically justified phytosanitary import requirements to facilitate safe and more streamlined trade to the benefit of contracting parties. With the adoption of ISPM 46 (Commodityspecific standards for phytosanitary measures), the TPCS started working in 2022 to draft commodity standards that will
be annexed to this new ISPM. The main topic in the Panel’s work programme is to develop the annex to Specification 73 – recently approved by the SC– on the “International movement of fresh mango (Mangifera indica) fruit”, which has raised considerable interest as mango fruit is widely traded internationally. Its purpose is to provide guidance on options for phytosanitary measures for
NPPOs of countries that are or will be importing or exporting fresh mango fruit for consumption or processing. It excludes processed mango, e.g. dried, frozen and canned. The TPCS will also discuss the criteria for inclusion of these
phytosanitary measures into IPPC standards, as requested by CPM-16 (2022). As one of the development agenda items in the IPPC Strategic Framework 2020–2030, the development of commodity standards will lay its strategic value and purpose in facilitating safe trade, harmonizing measures, optimizing efficient resource use, supporting and assisting developing countries, and maintaining the relevance and influence of the IPPC. As noted by CPM-14 (2019), the regulation of pests will remain
firmly based on pest risk analysis and will be subject to technical justification.
This document outlines the U.S. Government's 5-year strategy for addressing food security in West Africa through the Feed the Future initiative. It identifies key challenges like low agricultural productivity and fragmented markets. The strategy will focus on four core areas: promoting climate-smart agriculture, increasing access to inputs, boosting regional trade, and building capacity. Activities will be coordinated across governments and support ECOWAS' regional agricultural policy. Cross-cutting issues like nutrition, gender, and climate change will also be addressed.
Fao lessons learned from HPAI outbreaks in Asia 2005 - 2011Harm Kiezebrink
FAO has published a report on lessons learned from from the fight against highly pathogenic avian influenza in Asia between 2005 and 2011.
Since the emergence of H5N1 HPAI in 2003, the disease situation has evolved considerably. At the peak of avian influenza (AI) outbreaks in 2006, 63 countries in Asia, Europe and Africa were affected by the disease; it has now been eliminated from most of these countries. H5N1 is currently entrenched in a number of countries in Asia and the disease is endemic in China, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Bangladesh and large parts of eastern India. A number of countries in Asia, including the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR),Cambodia, Myanmar and Nepal, also experience regular outbreaks.
The period 2004 to 2008 saw a steady decline in disease outbreaks in poultry. While there has been an apparent increase in outbreak numbers since 2009, the 2011/2012 HPAI season saw a significant decline in poultry outbreaks. The last newly-infected country was Bhutan; this outbreak took place in February 2010. However, the disease is known to be under-reported and there is increasing evidence that H5N1 HPAI has become endemic in some of the smaller countries in Asia that have relatively undeveloped poultry industries; such countries include Cambodia and Nepal. It is estimated that the disease has resulted in the loss of over 400 million domestic poultry and has caused economic losses of over US$20 billion.
The information, generated from isolation and genetic and antigenic characterization of a large number of viruses in Asia and other parts of the world, coupled with the information on disease outbreaks, has improved our understanding of the virus’s evolution and the implications for its spread, infectivity and suitability for use in the development of vaccines. The current trends in evolution present a number of concerns, which include the emergence of second-, third- and fourth-order clades, demonstrating rapid evolution and rapid replacement of virus strains in some endemic regions, and the emergence of antigenic diversity, including changes in receptor binding capacity and the ability to break through existing vaccine strains.
This document summarizes a joint FAO/WHO workshop on promoting fruit and vegetable consumption for health. It provides background on the global burden of noncommunicable diseases and the estimated health benefits of increasing fruit and vegetable intake. The workshop brought together experts to develop a framework for cost-effective national interventions. Participants presented papers on topics like health effects, consumption trends, production, interventions and case studies. The workshop concluded by outlining guiding principles and components for a framework to promote fruit and vegetable consumption at the national level, including stakeholder engagement, goal setting, and monitoring implementation.
GWU - Current Trends & Opportunities in Government ContractingJSchaus & Associates
The George Washington University along with Jennifer Schaus & Associates hosted a complimentary webinar on Current Trends & Opportunities in US Federal Government Contracting. Topics covered 3 main areas - FSSI, Federal Strategic Sourcing Initiative, LPTA, Lowest Price Technically Acceptable and Small Business Set-Asides. To view the slide with the recording, please visit: https://gwu.adobeconnect.com/_a948849616/p2pvw5m2s86/?launcher=false&fcsContent=true&pbMode=normal
Riaan Pieterse is a South African music producer and composer known as "Maestro" who works in various genres including electro-dance-pop. He has produced music for films such as Ghostbusters 3 and Zombieland. Maestro holds the #1 spot on ReverbNation's electronica and dance charts and is working with singer Emma Lock. He is looking to sign with a major record label in order to place his music with popular artists and in more films/games soundtracks.
Cynthia Stephenson's personal statement discusses the many changes and life experiences that have shaped her, including her parents' divorce, moving frequently as a child, and experiencing a robbery while working. These experiences have led her to be interested in psychology and helping children. She has worked in various roles assisting youth, including as a group home manager. She is now pursuing a bachelor's degree in psychology to allow her to help children and families through a career in social services or counseling.
Weichselgartner, E. (2011, Februar).
Identifying psychological research data in the digital environment. (PDF) IDSC of IZA/Gesis/RatSWD Workshop: Persistent Identifiers for the Social Sciences, Bonn.
With the rise of web 2.0 and social media platforms taking over vast tracts of territory on the internet, the media landscape has shifted drastically in the past 20 years, transforming previously stable relationships between media creators and consumers. The Social Media Reader is the first collection to address the collective transformation with pieces on social media, peer production, copyright politics, and other aspects of contemporary internet culture from all the major thinkers in the field.
Culling a broad range and incorporating different styles of scholarship from foundational pieces and published articles to unpublished pieces, journalistic accounts, personal narratives from blogs, and whitepapers, The Social Media Reader promises to be an essential text, with contributions from Lawrence Lessig, Henry Jenkins, Clay Shirky, Tim O’Reilly, Chris Anderson, Yochai Benkler, danah boyd, and Fred von Loehmann, to name a few. It covers a wide-ranging topical terrain, much like the internet itself, with particular emphasis on collaboration and sharing, the politics of social media and social networking, Free Culture and copyright politics, and labor and ownership. Theorizing new models of collaboration, identity, commerce, copyright, ownership, and labor, these essays outline possibilities for cultural democracy that arise when the formerly passive audience becomes active cultural creators, while warning of the dystopian potential of new forms of surveillance and control.
Publisher NYU Press, 2012
Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA) license
ISBN 0814763022, 9780814763025
289 pages
Supercharge Your Facebook Fans - Updated 11/28/12Swift Kick
These are our latest slides (11/28/12) for our presentation on how to Supercharge your Facebook Fans for more Likes and more Engagement. To learn more about Swift Kick, visit www.swiftkickonline.com.
Baking has become popular again due to cooking shows focusing on baking, like Cake Boss and DC Cupcakes. These shows have inspired many home bakers and introduced baking as a creative outlet. Baking is also seen as a stress reliever and a way to make others happy through baked goods. The document discusses the history of baking various items like cakes, cookies, and pies and how ingredients and recipes have evolved over time.
The direct selling industry is experiencing significant growth and attracting more attention from investors. Technological advances have increased the reach of direct selling companies' social business model. Major direct selling companies generated over $125 billion in global revenue in 2010, demonstrating the economic power of the industry. Increased interest from financial analysts, investors and private equity firms indicates that direct selling is viewed as a strong business opportunity.
Pigeon Algorithm Overview - State of Search 2014SIM Partners
We we will be diving deep into Google’s Pigeon algorithm update. What is it? Why was it released? How does it relate to other major algorithm updates Google has released over the last few years? What are some of the primary indicators of what types of businesses and sites benefited from this update? How have the SERPs shifted? What do other local search experts think about this change? How does this impact the future of local search? How many reaction gifs can one presentation possibly contain? All of these questions and more will be answered during this session.
The document summarizes how the media ecology has changed from the industrial age to the information age. It notes that information is now abundant, cheap, and personally oriented rather than institutionally oriented. It also discusses how the internet has become ubiquitous and how people now access and store information through wireless devices and cloud-based services. The document then lists 10 ways the media ecosystem has changed, such as the volume, variety, and velocity of information increasing and the emergence of social networks and user-generated content.
This document summarizes key findings from a Pew Research Center report about digital differences and disparities in internet access. Some key points:
- While internet adoption has increased overall, one in five American adults still do not use the internet. Non-users tend to be older, lower-income, less educated, and Spanish speakers.
- Lack of a home broadband connection also persists, with four in ten American adults not having high-speed internet at home. Younger, higher-income, and more educated groups are more likely to have broadband.
- Mobile internet use is increasing access for traditionally underserved groups, but digital differences remain related to age, income, education, disability status, and other
This document provides an overview of the Marine Corps Institute course on tactical decision making for staff noncommissioned officers. It outlines the scope and objectives of the course, lists references used in developing the course, and provides a table of contents for the course chapters which will cover topics like decision making processes, situational decisions for warfighting, and developing decision makers. The estimated time to complete the self-paced course is 12 hours and 30 minutes.
Table Of Contents Ppt For Iwillteachyoutoberich Bookramit
The document outlines the table of contents for a book on personal finance. It describes 9 chapters that cover topics like optimizing credit cards, choosing bank accounts, opening investment accounts, conscious spending, automating finances, understanding financial experts, investing options, maintaining a financial system, and applying finances to life events. The overall goal of the book is to teach readers how to manage their money effectively and work towards financial independence and wealth.
Build Buzz for Your Biz: 23 Creative and Inexpensive Marketing Strategies Th...23 Kazoos LLC.
This document provides advice on creating a memorable customer experience to attract new customers and generate buzz for a business. It discusses how Starbucks lost its competitive edge by allowing its unique customer experience to become common and expected on every corner, rather than continuing to innovate and surprise customers. The author argues that businesses should focus on creating an "out-of-this-world, fantastic, friendly, welcoming experience" rather than resting on past successes. Maintaining a memorable customer experience is key to continued success.
This document presents the revised Global Strategy for Prevention and Control of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). The strategy aims to provide a long-term vision and goals to control and ultimately eradicate H5N1 HPAI at the global, regional, and national levels based on lessons learned over the past four years of efforts to control the disease globally. Key aspects of the strategy include priorities and strategic approaches across multiple domains, as well as short, medium, and long-term actions needed at each level to progressively control
GRP120_Perceptions and misconceptions of aquacultureKathrin Bacher
This document provides a global overview of perceptions and misconceptions of aquaculture based on a review of various studies. It finds that public concerns about aquaculture relate primarily to environmental impacts, food safety, and animal welfare. Perceptions are influenced by demographic factors and vary regionally. There is a lack of public understanding about modern aquaculture practices. The report makes recommendations for improving public understanding, including addressing social and environmental issues, increasing transparency, collaborating with other stakeholders, and investing in aquaculture education.
This document summarizes the findings of 8 case studies on resource-seeking foreign direct investment in African agriculture. The main findings were:
1) FDI in African agriculture has been directed towards sectors like food/cash crop production, biofuels, and agro-processing. Investor countries include European, Asian, Middle Eastern and other African nations.
2) Impacts varied across countries and locations, depending on investment contracts, business models and host country policies/institutions. Benefits included jobs, productivity gains, and technology transfer, but some projects reduced opportunities for local farmers.
3) Legal frameworks for land acquisition, use and smallholder rights were often unclear and lacked transparency, potentially hindering local
Pest risk analysis (PRA) is a core process within the scope of the IPPC and an important science-based evaluation tool for NPPOs. The Technical Panel on Commodity Standards (TPCS) was established in 2019 by the CPM to support the development of technically justified phytosanitary import requirements to facilitate safe and more streamlined trade to the benefit of contracting parties. With the adoption of ISPM 46 (Commodityspecific standards for phytosanitary measures), the TPCS started working in 2022 to draft commodity standards that will
be annexed to this new ISPM. The main topic in the Panel’s work programme is to develop the annex to Specification 73 – recently approved by the SC– on the “International movement of fresh mango (Mangifera indica) fruit”, which has raised considerable interest as mango fruit is widely traded internationally. Its purpose is to provide guidance on options for phytosanitary measures for
NPPOs of countries that are or will be importing or exporting fresh mango fruit for consumption or processing. It excludes processed mango, e.g. dried, frozen and canned. The TPCS will also discuss the criteria for inclusion of these
phytosanitary measures into IPPC standards, as requested by CPM-16 (2022). As one of the development agenda items in the IPPC Strategic Framework 2020–2030, the development of commodity standards will lay its strategic value and purpose in facilitating safe trade, harmonizing measures, optimizing efficient resource use, supporting and assisting developing countries, and maintaining the relevance and influence of the IPPC. As noted by CPM-14 (2019), the regulation of pests will remain
firmly based on pest risk analysis and will be subject to technical justification.
This document outlines the U.S. Government's 5-year strategy for addressing food security in West Africa through the Feed the Future initiative. It identifies key challenges like low agricultural productivity and fragmented markets. The strategy will focus on four core areas: promoting climate-smart agriculture, increasing access to inputs, boosting regional trade, and building capacity. Activities will be coordinated across governments and support ECOWAS' regional agricultural policy. Cross-cutting issues like nutrition, gender, and climate change will also be addressed.
Fao lessons learned from HPAI outbreaks in Asia 2005 - 2011Harm Kiezebrink
FAO has published a report on lessons learned from from the fight against highly pathogenic avian influenza in Asia between 2005 and 2011.
Since the emergence of H5N1 HPAI in 2003, the disease situation has evolved considerably. At the peak of avian influenza (AI) outbreaks in 2006, 63 countries in Asia, Europe and Africa were affected by the disease; it has now been eliminated from most of these countries. H5N1 is currently entrenched in a number of countries in Asia and the disease is endemic in China, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Bangladesh and large parts of eastern India. A number of countries in Asia, including the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR),Cambodia, Myanmar and Nepal, also experience regular outbreaks.
The period 2004 to 2008 saw a steady decline in disease outbreaks in poultry. While there has been an apparent increase in outbreak numbers since 2009, the 2011/2012 HPAI season saw a significant decline in poultry outbreaks. The last newly-infected country was Bhutan; this outbreak took place in February 2010. However, the disease is known to be under-reported and there is increasing evidence that H5N1 HPAI has become endemic in some of the smaller countries in Asia that have relatively undeveloped poultry industries; such countries include Cambodia and Nepal. It is estimated that the disease has resulted in the loss of over 400 million domestic poultry and has caused economic losses of over US$20 billion.
The information, generated from isolation and genetic and antigenic characterization of a large number of viruses in Asia and other parts of the world, coupled with the information on disease outbreaks, has improved our understanding of the virus’s evolution and the implications for its spread, infectivity and suitability for use in the development of vaccines. The current trends in evolution present a number of concerns, which include the emergence of second-, third- and fourth-order clades, demonstrating rapid evolution and rapid replacement of virus strains in some endemic regions, and the emergence of antigenic diversity, including changes in receptor binding capacity and the ability to break through existing vaccine strains.
This document summarizes a joint FAO/WHO workshop on promoting fruit and vegetable consumption for health. It provides background on the global burden of noncommunicable diseases and the estimated health benefits of increasing fruit and vegetable intake. The workshop brought together experts to develop a framework for cost-effective national interventions. Participants presented papers on topics like health effects, consumption trends, production, interventions and case studies. The workshop concluded by outlining guiding principles and components for a framework to promote fruit and vegetable consumption at the national level, including stakeholder engagement, goal setting, and monitoring implementation.
This document provides information for a meeting of the ARSO Technical Harmonization Committee on Agriculture and Food Products. It discusses the background and importance of agriculture in Africa, and outlines ARSO's mandate and objectives. It also lists the guiding instruments and principles for harmonizing standards related to agriculture and food products in Africa. The meeting will focus on harmonizing existing African standards and prioritizing draft standards for harmonization based on lists provided in the annexes.
The Tunisian Agricultural Research System NENA VERCON
The Tunisian agricultural research system has several objectives: establishing national research programs, coordinating education and research institutions, and orienting higher education work toward farmers. Several research projects were proposed through partnerships between the agricultural research institute (IRESA) and industry groups. Fifteen project chains were developed across various agricultural sectors. Tunisia has multiple agricultural research institutes and centers that conduct research within national priorities and through international collaborations. The National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INRAT) is a leading institute located in Tunis that conducts education, research, and extension activities across seven specialties to address challenges in the agricultural sector.
The FAO is an agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. It acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and debate policy. The FAO also provides knowledge and information to help countries improve agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. It was established in 1945 in Quebec City and now has its headquarters in Rome. The FAO is directed by a Conference of Member Nations that meets every two years and elects an executive council to oversee the organization's work.
The document summarizes the structure, objectives, and strategic plan of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The OIE is an intergovernmental organization with 178 member countries focused on improving animal health worldwide. It has a governance structure including a World Assembly of Delegates, Council, and Director General. The OIE's strategic plan for 2011-2015 aims to reinforce priorities like food security, animal health, welfare, and the role of animals globally.
This document provides background on the concepts of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). It discusses how GAP evolved from agricultural research and extension guidelines aimed at increasing productivity and farmer income. More recently, GAP has taken on increased importance due to demands from food markets for assurances around food safety, environmental, and social standards. The document outlines the history of GAP framework development at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), including defining common GAP principles, guidance from a Committee on Agriculture, and an expert consultation that defined a GAP concept for FAO focusing on developing country contexts.
This document summarizes the presentation given by Árni M. Mathiesen, Assistant Director-General of the Fisheries and Aquaculture Department at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It discusses the challenges facing fisheries including overexploitation, illegal fishing, and climate change. It then outlines FAO's work on fisheries through programs, projects, and technical networks. Specific initiatives covered include the Blue Growth Initiative and the Committee on Fisheries (COFI) and its sub-committees on aquaculture and trade.
The return of high food prices and the need to adapt to climate change have revived interest in agricultural technologies adapted to smallholders, in particular women. Sustainable intensification of smallholder production will require a shift to knowledge-intensive agriculture that combines local knowledge and the latest sustainability science to adapt practices to local ecosystems and increase resilience to climate change, price and other shocks. Poor farmers, often women, usually cultivate in more extreme environments in addition to being less connected to markets. A radical change in the focus of national agricultural plans and substantial investment are needed to unleash smallholder production potential, contributing to achieving MDGs and boosting food production to meet the 70% increase needed by 2050. A holistic approach is needed to raise productivity and resilience of agriculture and supporting ecosystems as well as the efficient and equitable functioning of agricultural supply chains.
The return of high food prices and the need to adapt to climate change have revived interest in agricultural technologies adapted to smallholders, in particular women. Sustainable intensification of smallholder production will require a shift to knowledge-intensive agriculture that combines local knowledge and the latest sustainability science to adapt practices to local ecosystems and increase resilience to climate change, price and other shocks. Poor farmers, often women, usually cultivate in more extreme environments in addition to being less connected to markets. A radical change in the focus of national agricultural plans and substantial investment are needed to unleash smallholder production potential, contributing to achieving MDGs and boosting food production to meet the 70% increase needed by 2050. A holistic approach is needed to raise productivity and resilience of agriculture and supporting ecosystems as well as the efficient and equitable functioning of agricultural supply chains.
Statement by the Chair of the CGIAR Consortium Board at the 40th Anniversary ...CGIAR
Speech delivered by Chairman of the CGIAR Consortium Board at the celebration of the 40th Anniversary of CGIAR, at the FAO in Rome. 2 December 2011
http://consortium.cgiar.org/cgiar-turned-40/
Since the CGIAR’s establishment in 1971, its expanding agenda of research has led to important gains in agricultural productivity as well as natural resource management and food policy across the developing world.
This remarkable 40-year performance provides a firm foundation for a forceful response to the daunting challenges that agriculture and rural environments will face over the next 40 years.
This document provides an assessment and rehabilitation program for the agricultural sector in areas of Georgia affected by conflict in August 2008. Key points:
1. Livelihoods have been severely impacted by loss of assets and missed harvest income opportunities, increasing reliance on aid.
2. The survival of tens of thousands of cattle over winter is threatened by limited feed access. Mass slaughtering is likely without intervention.
3. Most livestock are weak and vulnerable to disease outbreaks which could spread widely without measures.
4. The program covers support for rainfed agriculture, livestock, and irrigated horticulture over two years, addressing immediate and medium-term needs. Institutional support is integrated across all areas.
United Nations Decade of Family Farming 2019 2028TheFoodChallenge
This document presents the Global Action Plan for the United Nations Decade of Family Farming (UNDFF) from 2019-2028. The plan aims to mobilize coordinated actions to strengthen family farmers by developing enabling policy environments, promoting gender equity, strengthening farmers' organizations, improving socio-economic inclusion and resilience of farmers, promoting sustainable food systems, and contributing to territorial development. The Decade provides an opportunity to transform food systems and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals through supporting family farmers, who produce over 80% of the world's food.
PAHO/WHO Briefing Session to OAS AmbassadorsKATIA DIAZ
This document provides information about the 51st Directing Council of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) that will take place from September 26-30, 2011 in Washington D.C. It outlines the agenda, events, resolutions to be discussed, elections, and financial information regarding the proposed PAHO program and budget for 2012-2013. Key items include discussions on climate change, epilepsy, eHealth, malaria, alcohol and substance use, urban health, road safety, and maternal mortality. The document also provides details on officer elections, country contributions, and highlighted side events during the Council.
Este documento resume los principales aspectos de la inspección veterinaria en plantas de beneficio animal en Colombia. Explica que el gobierno nacional estableció parámetros para el funcionamiento de las plantas bajo control de riesgo. También describe los cambios en el enfoque normativo de inspecciones, incluyendo un enfoque basado en el riesgo y preventivo en lugar de correctivo. Finalmente, presenta datos sobre el número de plantas registradas e inscritas en el país.
This document summarizes David Harlan's presentation on Taylor Packing Co.'s comprehensive animal feed safety approach for rendered products. Some key points:
1) Rendering plays a critical role in recycling animal co-products and waste into useful feed and technical ingredients.
2) Taylor has a preventative and proactive philosophy ensuring raw material quality and compliance with HACCP, GMPs, training programs, and third-party audits.
3) Potential hazards include biological, chemical and physical contaminants which are controlled through critical control points and limits during rendering and transportation.
Este documento presenta un manual práctico de análisis de riesgos y control de puntos críticos en las industrias cárnicas de Castilla-La Mancha. El manual fue elaborado por técnicos de CECAM y la Consejería de Sanidad de la región con el objetivo de ayudar a las empresas cárnicas a implementar el sistema de análisis de riesgos y control de puntos críticos de forma efectiva. El manual explica los conceptos básicos del sistema, los elementos clave como los puntos críticos de control generales
Este documento resume el sistema de seguridad alimentaria de Taylor Packing Co. para la fabricación de alimentos para animales. Describe su enfoque de HACCP, que incluye análisis de peligros, puntos críticos de control, límites críticos, procedimientos de monitoreo y planes de acción correctiva. También describe sus buenas prácticas de fabricación, capacitación de empleados, política de transporte y auditorías de terceros. El objetivo general es garantizar la inocuidad de los alimentos para animales producidos.
Este documento resume los principales aspectos de la inspección veterinaria en plantas de beneficio animal en Colombia. Explica que el gobierno nacional estableció parámetros para el funcionamiento de las plantas bajo control de riesgo. También describe los cambios en el enfoque normativo de inspecciones, incluyendo un enfoque basado en el riesgo y preventivo en lugar de correctivo. Finalmente, presenta datos sobre el número de plantas registradas e inscritas en el país.
Este documento presenta los requisitos de cumplimiento para la inscripción y mantención de establecimientos faenadores de ganado en el Registro Oficial de Establecimientos Procesadores de Alimentos. Describe 74 requisitos agrupados en secciones referidas a emplazamiento, construcción, equipamiento, manejo de animales, residuos y más, los cuales deben ser calificados y cumplidos para su aprobación.
This document summarizes David Harlan's presentation on Taylor Packing Co.'s comprehensive animal feed safety approach for rendered products. Some key points:
1. Rendering plays a critical role in recycling animal co-products and waste into useful feed and technical ingredients.
2. Taylor has a preventative and proactive philosophy ensuring raw material quality and compliance with HACCP, GMPs, training programs, and third-party audits.
3. Potential hazards are analyzed and critical control points established to control microbiological, chemical and physical risks, such as pasteurization temperature for pathogens.
4. Recordkeeping, testing, and verification ensure the safety system is effective and continuously improving.
Este documento presenta el plan estratégico 2012-2016 del Programa de Alimentos y Medicina Veterinaria de la FDA. El plan establece una visión de proteger a los consumidores y promover la salud pública a través de la seguridad alimentaria, la nutrición y la sanidad animal. El plan incluye siete objetivos estratégicos del programa, cada uno con objetivos clave, para mejorar la eficacia, establecer normas preventivas basadas en la ciencia, lograr altos niveles de cumplimiento de las normas, fortalec
1. El documento describe los parámetros que se determinan para evaluar objetivamente la carne, incluyendo el pH. 2. El pH del músculo vivo es neutro pero desciende después de la muerte debido a la acumulación de ácido láctico, estabilizándose a las 24 horas post-mortem. 3. Valores altos o bajos de pH final afectan propiedades como la capacidad de retención de agua y la textura de la carne.
El documento presenta el manual de procedimientos de la Planta Procesadora de Carnes La Alianza en Quintana Roo. Incluye los procedimientos de recepción de ganado, maquila, embarque, cobro de maquila, nómina, compras y contabilidad. Describe cada proceso e indica los responsables y las normas aplicables. El objetivo es integrar una guía que muestre de manera rápida y eficiente los distintos procesos que se realizan en la empresa.
Este documento propone fortalecer el Sistema Nacional de Inocuidad de SENASA mediante la contratación de más personal técnico y profesional. Actualmente las auditorías las realiza personal pagado por las plantas procesadoras, lo que pone en riesgo la objetividad. Se calcula la necesidad de 907 veterinarios y 36 técnicos agropecuarios, con un costo total de 1.035.888.339 colones. Con las tarifas que cobra SENASA, los ingresos serían de 1.164.314.995 colones, cubri
Este documento presenta tres resúmenes o menos:
Este manual de procedimientos describe los procesos llevados a cabo en la Planta Procesadora de Carnes La Alianza en Quintana Roo, México. Incluye procedimientos para la recepción de ganado, maquila, embarque, cobro de maquila, nómina, compras y contabilidad. El objetivo es integrar una guía rápida y eficiente de los procesos realizados en la empresa para mostrar los distintos procesos en los departamentos de producción y administración
Este documento resume la normativa vigente en Argentina para regular la cadena de producción de carne con el objetivo de mitigar el riesgo de la bacteria E. coli O157H7. Describe los requisitos para faenadores, despostadoras e industrias, incluyendo controles sobre puntos críticos de contaminación, índices de contaminación y monitoreo de E. coli O157H7. También presenta datos sobre establecimientos habilitados y casos positivos detectados entre 2001-2008.
Este documento describe las vinculaciones del programa de especialización en el Hospital Veterinario para Pequeñas Especies con otros actores de la sociedad. El programa se lleva a cabo en el hospital de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia y sirve a la población metropolitana de Toluca principalmente. Existen acuerdos con la Asociación de Veterinarios de Toluca para ofrecer cursos continuos de educación en diferentes áreas. También se coopera con la Secretaría de Salud a través del ISEM para las campañas antirrá
Este documento provee una guía de inspección para controlar la contaminación por Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga en locales de expendio de comidas preparadas. La guía describe los puntos que el inspector debe observar, incluyendo materias primas, procesos, higiene del personal, control de temperaturas, y análisis microbiológicos de inocuidad de alimentos. El objetivo principal es determinar si se están tomando las medidas necesarias para minimizar los riesgos de que la bacteria llegue a los alimentos listos para consumir.
El Departamento de Alimentos y Nutrición propone modificar los artículos 271, 272 y 273 del Reglamento Sanitario de los Alimentos referidos a las carnes de abasto para armonizarlos con las normas de Codex Alimentarius. Se propone modificar las definiciones de carne fresca, eliminar el artículo sobre carne enfriada, y modificar la definición de carne congelada.
El documento proporciona información sobre el cálculo de recuentos microbiológicos y criterios para la interpretación de resultados de análisis de superficies y alimentos. Se explica cómo calcular el factor de dilución y las unidades formadoras de colonias por gramo a partir del número de colonias contadas y el volumen sembrado. También se incluyen tablas con niveles de riesgo microbiológico para superficies y parámetros de control para comidas preparadas.
Este documento describe los procedimientos de cirugía oral en pequeñas especies, incluida la técnica de extracción dental (exodoncia). Explica que la exodoncia es uno de los procedimientos más comunes realizados en animales de compañía y fauna silvestre. Detalla los pasos básicos para realizar una exodoncia de manera segura, incluida la sindesmotomía, el uso de elevadores y fórceps, y el cuidado del alveolo después de la extracción. También cubre las consideraciones específicas
Este documento presenta una pauta de evaluación para verificar el cumplimiento de requisitos por parte de establecimientos procesadores de carne que soliciten su inscripción y mantención en el registro oficial. La pauta contiene 30 requisitos agrupados en secciones de construcción, instalaciones y manejo de agua, los cuales deben ser calificados por un inspector veterinario durante una visita. Los establecimientos deben cumplir el 100% de los requisitos críticos y al menos el 80% de los no críticos para
Este documento establece criterios microbiológicos aplicables a los productos alimenticios en la Unión Europea. Se crean criterios para garantizar la seguridad de los alimentos y orientar los procesos de fabricación, manipulación y distribución. Los criterios se basan en dictámenes científicos que recomiendan límites para determinados microorganismos patógenos en los alimentos.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
NAVIGATING THE HORIZONS OF TIME LAPSE EMBRYO MONITORING.pdfRahul Sen
Time-lapse embryo monitoring is an advanced imaging technique used in IVF to continuously observe embryo development. It captures high-resolution images at regular intervals, allowing embryologists to select the most viable embryos for transfer based on detailed growth patterns. This technology enhances embryo selection, potentially increasing pregnancy success rates.
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
1. ORIGINAL IN SPANISH
PROCEEDINGS
FAO Meeting to strengthen actions on the prevention
and early detection of High Pathogenic Avian
Influenza (HPAI) (Asiatic H5N1) in Latin
America and the Caribbean
30 - 31 October 2007, Santiago, Chile
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FAO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean
2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
1
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product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or
development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or
concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information
product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without
any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is
fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for
resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of
the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to
the Chief, Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Information Division,
FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to
copyright@fao.org
(C) FAO 2008
3. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2
INDEX
INDEX ...........................................................................................................................................2
ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................3
1. BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................4
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE MEETING ..........................................................................................4
3. PROGRAMME OF ACTIVITIES...............................................................................................5
4. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................5
5. EXPOSITIONS AND ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT.................................................................5
6. MEETING CONSIDERATIONS AND GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS ............................9
7. MEETING CLOSURE............................................................................................................14
ANNEX 1.....................................................................................................................................15
AGENDA ................................................................................................................................15
ANNEX 2.....................................................................................................................................17
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ......................................................................................................17
ANNEX 3.....................................................................................................................................25
GROUP PHOTOFRAPH ........................................................................................................25
4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
3
ABBREVIATIONS
ALA Latin American Poultry Association
CAN Andean Nations Community
CARICOM Caribbean Community
CARIBVET Caribbean Animal Health Network
CIRAD Agricultural Research Center for International Development
CVP Permanent Veterinary Committee of South Cone
ECTAD Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FAO/RLC Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean
GF-TADs Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal
Diseases
GLEWS Global Early Warning System for Animal Disease including Zoonoses
HPAI Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
IADB Inter-American Development Bank
ICG International Coordination Group for HPAI
IICA Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture
INTA National Institute of Plant Protection and Animal Health technologies
LAC Latin America and the Caribbean
NAAHC North American Animal Health Committee
NGOs Non Governmental Organization
OIE World Organization for Animal health
OIRSA Regional International Organization of Plant Protection and Animal
Health
OVS Official Veterinary Services
PAHO Pan-American Health Organization
PANAFTOSA Pan American Center on Foot and Mouth Disease
PREA Cooperation Programme to Support the Free Trade of Poultry and
Products
PVS Performance, Vision and Strategy
SAG Agriculture and Livestock Services of Chile
SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measurement
TADs Transboundary Animal Diseases
TCEO Emergency Operations Service of FAO
TCP Technical Cooperation Projects
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
USAID United States Agency for International Development
WAHID World Animal Health Information Database Interface
WCS Wildlife Conservation Society
WHO World Health Organization
5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
4
1. BACKGROUND
During the last decade, the economic and social importance of the poultry industry have
increased in the Latin American and Caribbean Region, providing the population with meat and
eggs of high quality and protein at a low cost, making these products the most frequently
consumed form of animal protein in the Region; it is therefore fundamental to maintain a good
health and quality conditions in the poultry production systems, at national and regional levels.
As of October 2007, the American Continent is free from HPAI, H5N1 (Asiatic), disease that
has spread worldwide since 2003, demonstrating that it is one of the most important
transboundary animal diseases (TADs), being established as a sanitary emergency in Asia,
Middle East, Africa and Europe, a reality which has caused many losses in poultry production1
,
affecting international poultry trade and its products, causing problems in food security and
increase the unemployment rate in the affected countries. This is the reason why the HPAI is a
real threat to the American Continent and to other Regions which have not yet been affected by
this disease.
Although the H5N1-HPAI, is not actually in the Region, other viral subtypes of HPAI were
present in Mexico during 1994 (H5N2), Chile in 2002 (H7N3), Canada (H7N3) and the United
States (H5N2) in 2004, providing substantial merit to the real possibility that these subtypes of
pathogenic agents can affect the poultry populations in the Region, but also the capacity of
some countries to detect, control and eradicate the diseases.
Due to this international epizootic emergency caused by the HPAI, in February 2006, many
countries have requested to FAO’s technical assistance, in order to prevent the introduction of
the disease. In response to these requests, during April 2006, The FAO Director General,
approved four regional emergency projects for an amount of USD 2 million, focused on the
early detection of HPAI in the sub - Regions of the Caribbean (TCP/RLA/3103), Central
America (TCP/RLA/3104), Andean Countries (TCP/RLA/3105) and South Cone
(TCP/RLA/3106).
http://www.rlc.fao.org/es/prioridades/transfon/aviar/proyectos.html.
These projects were coordinated by the FAO, Emergency Center for Transbaundary Animal
Diseases (ECTAD), including the participation of the Official Veterinary Services (OVS) in the
33 countries involved, the Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (FAO/RLC) as
well as regional animal health organizations within the FAO/OIE Global Framework for the
Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs)
http://www.rlc.fao.org/es/prioridades/transfron/.
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE MEETING
1. To review the information on the activities carried out in the framework of the technical
assistance projects between FAO and the beneficiary governments in the implementation
of the early detection system, prevention and immediate response to facing the disease
in the Region.
2. To define future activities to be established for the HPAI prevention in the national, sub-
regional and regional levels.
1
The FAO economic studies, estimated that only in Southeast Asia the losses of poultry sector was as
10,000 million dollars and the systematic culling in Africa has been additional 60 million dollars for the
local farmers. In the poultry industry until August 26, 2007, had been notified 5,222 outbreaks in 44
countries.
6. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
5
3. To establish coordination and cooperation channels as well as regional communications
between the different sectors related to the prevention and/or control of this TAD.
3. PROGRAMME OF ACTIVITIES
The programme was developed according to the proposed schedule described in the attached
agenda (Annex 1). Prior to the meeting, participants received a Technical Background Note in
order to have detailed information of the event and to prepare a short verbal presentation
covering the following issues: i) evaluation of the project, ii) Avian Influenza activities which
should be considered in each of their countries that must be followed-up iii) budget assigned by
the veterinary services for follow–up AI activities.
4. INTRODUCTION
The meeting was held in Santiago, Chile, at the Crowne Plaza Hotel, in the Prieto Salon. The
event started on Tuesday, October 30, 2007 at 9.20 in the morning with the activities of the
FAO Meeting to strengthen actions on prevention and early detection of Highly Pathogenic
Avian Influence (HPAI) (Asiatic H5N1) in Latin America and the Caribbean”, after concluding
the registration of 26 participants coming from the following 33 beneficiary countries of the
project: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Barbados, Bolivia, Belize, Brazil, Costa Rica,
Colombia, Cuba, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Grenada, Honduras, Jamaica,
Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Saint Kitts and Nevis, St. Vincent and
the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname and Venezuela, as well as the following international
organizations: OIE (World Organization for Animal Health), OIRSA (Regional International
Organization of Plant Protection and Animal Health), USDA (Unites States Department of
Agriculture), CIRAD (France Agriculture Research Center for International Development), IICA
(Inter American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture) PAHO-WHO (Pan-American Health
Organization) and PANAFTOSA (Pan-American Centre on Foot and Mouth Disease) as well as
ALA (Latin American Poultry Association) representatives and Poultry Producers Association
from Colombia, Costa Rica, Peru and Chile (participant’s names detailed in Annex 2).
The meeting was inaugurated by Mr. José Graziano da Silva, FAO Regional Representative for
Latin America and the Caribbean and Mr. Claudio Ternicier, Chief of the Livestock Protection
Division, Chilean Agriculture and Livestock Service (SAG). Later the Working Agenda was
approved as well as the designation of Mr. Claudio Ternicier as President of the Meeting, and
Mr. Leopoldo del Barrio as Repporteur.
5. EXPOSITIONS AND ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT
1) The description of the HPAI global situation and the role of FAO in the battle against the
disease was presented by Dr. Tito Díaz, Senior Animal Production and Health Officer,
(FAO/RLC), who described the behavior of the virus since its beginning in 1997 and up to
date; its dissemination in the world and its direct link with the husbandry methodologies and
commercialization of poultry in Asia, together with the role that the migratory wild birds may
have had in the spread of the disease as well as other means of disease dispersion. He
also made an analysis of the activities that FAO has initiated at a global level to support
countries in the prevention, control and eradication of the disease, working with donors as
well as FAO’s funds, and also made a description of the activities which are not yet
implemented and need to be strengthened at a global level.
7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
6
2) Dr. Moisés Vargas Terán, Animal Health Officer, (FAO/RLC) made a description of FAO
activities in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) related to the disease prevention
oriented to: a) the development of animal health regional policies focused towards the
disease, b) technical assistance to the countries, c) coordination with regional animal
health organizations and, d) search for resources to finance the continuity of the activities
in the prevention of the HPAI in LAC, as well as to outline the relationship between the
epidemic disease and how the emergency projects were developed for the early detection
of the HPAI in Latin America and the Caribbean, indicating the objectives and activities
consider in these projects.
3) Dr. Juan García García, Consultant-HPAI, International Expert and Projects Coordinator
presented a summary of the activities carried out in the four regional projects and their
results indicating: organizational and operational methodologies implemented; training
activities carried out in the area of laboratory diagnosis; the management and the collection
of samples and sample shipment procedures, as well as establish procedures for
laboratories handling samples; handling and sampling of poultry and wild birds; the
communication and information strategy. Moreover, Dr. García introduced the technical
documents elaborated by the project consultants such as manuals for the prevention and
control of HPAI (H5N1-Asiatic) and the elaboration of contingency plans; compensation
mechanisms and regional strategy on communication and information, among other
documents, as well as a description of the actions implemented to establish four sub-
regional AI diagnosis support laboratories.
4) Dr. Héctor Campos López, Consultant-Contingency Plans Expert made a description on
the methodology of work used for the evaluation of national AI contingency plans and
programmes in each of the beneficiary countries of the projects, describing the elaboration
process for the manual dedicated to prepare prevention and contingency plans for HPAI.
Highlighted were the main challenges for the countries including: the surveillance
implementation actions, prevention, communication and preparation for unexpected
emergencies also including continuous educational programmes for professional and
technical personnel.
5) Dr. Christian Mathieu, Consultant-Laboratory Diagnosis Expert referred to the activities and
perspectives existing in the region regarding the laboratory diagnosis for HPAI, describing
the training activities done during the projects implementation and explaining the selection
mechanisms to identify the four supporting sub - regional laboratories located in Barbados
(Caribbean), Guatemala (Central America) Colombia (Andean Countries) and Brazil (South
Cone) as well as the specialists network in diagnosis created by the participation of the
professionals trained in these activities. Remarks were made on the need to continually
update diagnostic methodologies for governmental and private sector diagnostic
professional personnel.
6) Dr. Jorge Hernández, Consultant-Epidemiologist Expert, described the most important
elements considered in the formulation, implementation and evaluation of risk surveillance
epidemiological systems for the early detection of the HPAI, including: identification of the
disease and the population involved, design and sample size determination, collection,
analysis and interpretation of data. Additionally, Dr. Hernández explained that due to the
great differences existing between the countries in the region, regarding the poultry
industry and the OVS, each country should seek to adapt the general guidelines to its local
conditions, considering the availability of resources.
7) Concerning FAO and INTA (National Institute for Technology in Agriculture and Livestock,
Argentina) Agreement to develop an Epidemiological Information System for HPAI in Latin
America and the Caribbean, Dr. Sergio Duffy, INTA’s Senior Officer took the floor to explain
the relationship of the activities, from the creation and distribution of a survey to the
countries, to knowing the state of advancement with which GIS (Geographical Information
8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
7
Systems) can calculate a system design that implies the level of HPAI epidemiological
surveillance, based on the risk to support the early detection of the disease in case this
occurs, improving its efficiency in cost/benefit terms, and identifying and recognizing the
areas with major risk for HPAI introduction and dissemination.
8) The “Regional Strategy in Communication and Information for HPAI prevention in Latin
America and the Caribbean” was presented by Lic. Cecilia Ballesteros, Consultant-
Communication Expert, who described the communication model used in the projects as a
participative and inclusive one for all the areas related to the problem, appealing with the
certainty that the only way to prevent and prepare the population for rapid action in
outbreaks, will be that all the people involved assume their responsibility in the actions
aimed to reduced the global threat of a pandemic, stabilization of poultry production,
strengthening the regional/international poultry products trade and to improve the level of
food security in the livelihood of the rural sectors. Furthermore, Ms. Ballesteros presented
the results as to the validation of this strategy and the information materials distributed in
the communication workshops carried out in each Sub Region.
9) The possible vaccination strategies to HPAI prevention and control in the American
Continent, taken into account FAO/OIE technical recommendations, was presented by Dr.
Juan García García, indicating the advantages and disadvantages of vaccination against
Avian Influenza and its connotation in the requirements of the OIE for the determination of
a differential sanitary status. During the exposition Dr. García showed examples in which
countries affected by the disease obtained the eradication using the vaccination as tool.
Due to the actual instability of viral subtypes present in the field, the formulation of a
vaccine maybe a possibility, if this characteristic is taken into consideration, emphasizing
the need to rely on valid and effective diagnosis techniques to be able to recognize
vaccinated poultry from the infected ones.
10) Regarding complementary HPAI actions carried out by International Organizations were as
follows:
a) IICA, through Dr. Ana Marissa Cordero, presented the actions it has implemented to
prevent the disease via supporting the immediate response before an emergency
occurs, preventing the introduction of diseases and maintaining the human and animal
population healthy, for which the IICA strategy has been to strengthen the veterinary
services through the application of the OIE/PVS system (Performance, Vision and
Strategy), promoting the participation of the private sector through the publication of
technical magazines and a web site and the communication risk through the validation
of audiovisual materials such as videos and a radio series utilizing the FAO publication
on prevention and control of HPAI in the small scale poultry in Latin America and the
Caribbean.
b) The role of the OIE regarding HPAI, was presented by Dr. José Joaquín Oreamuno,
who made a brief of the actions, rules and committees that have a relation to the
poultry diseases in the OIE and its role at global level regarding this and other animal
diseases.
c) OIRSA was represented by Dr. Mara González, who presented a summary with the
prevention activities that OIRSA has carried out in relation to the HPAI in the Central
American region through PREA (Cooperation Programme to Support the Free Trade of
Poultry as well as Poultry Products) and supporting the FAO emergency project
activities for the early detection of the HPAI in Central America (TCP/RLA/3104).
d) PAHO - PANAFTOSA, through Dr. José Naranjo, presented the role and activities of
the Veterinary Public Health Programme on Avian Influenza, which is based on the
joint participation and coordination with other international organizations, in technical
cooperation activities in order that the countries can count on established/operational
9. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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programmes on avian influenza, as a fundamental component for the preparation of
plans for the possibility of pandemic influenza and as a means to the promotion of food
security and quality assessment.
e) Dr. Karen Sliter, Regional Director of USDA for Latin America presented the activities
of the Department to prevent the HPAI at a global level and specifically in the American
Continent, making known the International Coordination Group for Highly Pathogenic
Avian Influenza (ICG), which was created to canalize the USDA international
assistance in the world campaign against HPAI (H5N1).
f) The CIRAD and CARIVET (Animal Health Network of the Caribbean) activities, was
presented by Dr. Thierry Lefrançois, who made a summary of CARIVET activities in
animal health in the Caribbean Region, citing its main activities and priorities; Dr.
Lefrançois also referred to the work group on AI, which members are all
representatives of the Caribbean countries. This group is directed to the development
and harmonization of the epidemiological surveillance procedures and the preparation
of prevention and contingency plans and programs in the Region. Moreover he
mentioned the list of training activities and protocols carried out to date by CIRAD.
11) The FAO Technical Cooperation Program: A tool that reacts to the needs of the member
states was presented by Ms. Admira Mara, Emergency Operations Officer (FAO/TCEO),
who give a summary on the creation of the Technical Cooperation Programme in 1976 and
of how this support is given to the countries which request it; emphasizing that this is a
flexible and participative programme. She stressed that FAO is actually supporting more
than 90 projects on Avian Influenza all over the world, with a budget of more than 100
million dollars. She explained the performance and structure of the policies (platforms)
ECTAD (Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases), GLEWS (Global Early
Warning System), through which they support and implement the cooperation towards the
affected and at-risk countries.
12) Dr. Claus Köbrich, Consultant Economist and Animal Health Expert, described the
compensation mechanisms proposed for a sanitary emergency in HPAI, pointing out that
the basis of these mechanisms are: to reduce the patrimonial risk produced and promote
the notification. To obtain this, there should be a legal framework that considers the value
and public objective, procedures and financial mechanisms. From the completed study it
was concluded that the 19 countries that have a compensation mechanism from the 33 in
Latin America and the Caribbean, have made compensation mechanisms with the aim to
restore a destroyed good, but not to favor the disease notification. Therefore, it is
necessary to incorporate the compensation as an important part of the prevention, control
and eradication strategy of HPAI. This requires a greater legislative effort, in terms of
modifying the existing legislation as well as creating new laws or rules in the Latin
American and Caribbean countries.
13) The Avian Influenza socio-economic impact in the Region was presented by Dr. Macarena
Vidal, Director of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Mayor in Chile. Dr. Vidal
presented an analysis of the SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measurement Agreement)
related to the HPAI and indicated that the countries in the region should base their rules on
international standards in order not to use them as unjustified barriers. Furthermore, she
analyzed the socio-economic situation of the Region and the economic impact that a HPAI
incident could have for the population, challenges for the Region, indicated the existing
differences between the various animal health systems of the countries in the prevention of
HPAI outbreaks and the ones which should to the fore to minimize the impact when the
disease appears in the Region. Consequently it was recommended to invest in animal
health systems, implying a high benefit-cost relation. BID Studies regarding the HPAI
estimated an impact in Latin America (considering 21 countries that represent 96% of the
total product of the Region) indicate that the expected costs of an HPAI outbreak could be
in excess of 1,632 million dollars.
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14) Dr. Ariel Mendes, President of ALA presented the Prevention and Contingency Plans
Developed in Brazil for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases. In this report, the actions
to be taken by the Federal Government, State Governments and private sector to prevent
outbreaks of these diseases in Brazil were detailed. He concluded that it should be taken
into account that HPAI can change a successful activity into a catastrophe if certain
measures are not taken to prevent the introduction of the virus into the countries and that
the private sector should assist the government and the international organizations in the
designation of efficient sanitary defense policies and in their capability to guarantee the
quality of the poultry production and exports.
15) In the final presentation on the Avian Influenza regional projects, Dr. Moisés Vargas Terán,
FAO/RLC, presented a regional strategy proposal as well as an action plan for the
preparation of a rapid response regarding the HPAI, indicating that it is fundamental to
begin an action plan in which the general objective is to continue the regional efforts in the
preparation of a rapid response in preparation to the presence of HPAI, the aim of which is
that the 33 participant countries could benefit by improving the prevention methods and
eventual control of the HPAI and the plan of action rest on a strategy based in the
agreement and cooperation of the country governments, through the national veterinary
services, public health services, private sectors and cooperation with global and regional
animal health organizations. This strategy would be directed to begin with the immediate
procedures for the prevention and control of the disease in the following aspects: i)
strengthening the alert capacity and prevention of the HPIA; ii) strengthening of the control
and improvement of the diagnostic capacity and epidemiologic directed surveillance; iii)
preparation of the control programmes for HPAI and iv) communication and information for
the population.
6. MEETING CONSIDERATIONS AND GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
WHEREAS:
1. FAO provided strong management and leadership during execution of the four
subregional emergency technical assistance projects on HPAI in the region, without the
presence of the disease being detected.
2. FAO acknowledges the logistic support provided by OIE, CAN and OIRSA during
implementation and execution of the four FAO technical cooperation projects, in terms
of accommodating the projects' regional coordination units and their respective leaders.
3. The American continent is free of HPAI Asiatic strain H5N1.
4. In Latin America and the Caribbean, poultry production is extremely important for
social, economic and food-security reasons.
5. Poultry meat and eggs are the forms of animal protein most consumed by the lower-
income population groups, and since in 2006, the Inter-American Development Bank
(IADB) predicted losses of US$ 1.632 billion should HPAI enter the region.
6. Private poultry activity in Latin America and the Caribbean is one of the best organized
and most buoyant segments of the region's livestock sector.
7. The heterogeneity of the countries comprising the continent's various sub-regions,
particularly in the Caribbean, generates major asymmetries in the socioeconomic,
cultural and geographic domains, and also among poultry production systems.
11. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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8. The progress made in poultry industry in the areas of technology and management
methods, in several countries, contrasts with the scant development displayed by
others in the region.
9. The identification of any avian influenza (AI) virus, in its H5 and H7 strains, must be
immediately notified.
10. HPAI (Asian H5N1) is a transboundary animal disease that can easily spread to
become an endemic problem that is hard to eradicate and has serious economic and
public-health repercussions.
11. The ongoing expansion of the HPAI H5N1 epizooty which began in Asia in 2003, has
now affected 60 countries in three continents.
12. HPAI surveillance on the American Continent has increased over the last few years;
the H7N3 strain has been detected in Canada, and low-pathogenic H5N1 has been
found in the United States.
13. The experience of Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador in using vaccines against H5N2
strains of AI, prove the need to count on vaccines before an outbreak of HPAI in the
region.
14. Countries benefiting from FAO technical assistance projects agree that it is better to
prevent transboundary animal diseases than control their outbreaks, given the latter's
high cost-benefit ratio.
15. Veterinary services in Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Guatemala and Panama
have indicated their interest in setting up subregional and/or regional reference
laboratories for HPAI.
16. The existence of the Global Framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary
Animal Diseases (GF-TADs) promoted by FAO/OIE (with participation from the
following organizations specializing in animal health: WHO, OIRSA, CAN, CARICOM,
CVP, IICA and NAAHC) provides a platform to support Latin American and Caribbean
countries.
THE PARTICIPANTS IN THE MEETING RECOMMEND THAT:
1. FAO should be congratulated on its work and achievements during implementation of
the technical assistance projects, following 18 months of continuous activity in 33 Latin
American and Caribbean countries, in which 90% of the expected results were
achieved. The latter include having strengthened areas relating to contingency
planning, epidemiological surveillance, monitoring of avian diseases, analysis of health
data, laboratory diagnostics, control methods and communication and information. As a
result, training was provided to a large number of professional workers in the
aforementioned disciplines.
2. FAO should serve as the international animal health organization that coordinates
activities and efforts undertaken by individual countries and other international
organizations and regional institutions, with the aim of avoiding a duplication of efforts
in the prevention and early detection of the disease.
3. With technical assistance from FAO and other international organizations, capacities
should be consolidated in terms of surveillance, diagnosis, rapid emergency response
and restoration of the productive chain following a possible outbreak of HPAI in the 33
Latin American and Caribbean countries.
12. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
11
4. Given the asymmetry displayed by animal health capacities in the Caribbean
subregion, and to strengthen animal health activities, including those relating to HPAI,
FAO should appoint a full-time animal health officer for that subregion.
5. In conjunction with international organizations and ALA, countries should encourage
the development of animal production and health programmes, by applying good
practices and ensuring product safety and quality, as well as environmental protection,
especially in small producer systems.
6. Countries that display greater productive and health development in the poultry sector
should invoke the south-south cooperation modality between and within countries that
require support, given the lower development level of their poultry industry.
7. The private poultry sector in Latin America and the Caribbean should strengthen its
participation and links with official veterinary services to promote and support national
and regional HPAI prevention strategies.
8. All national governments in the region should make funds available in their political and
budgetary agendas to implement HPAI prevention and control activities.
9. All countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, with support from international
organizations, including OIE, should finalize or request evaluations of their national
veterinary services.
10. International organizations, including FAO, WHO and CIRAD, should strengthen direct
assistance to countries with the purpose of improving or establishing national HPAI
contingency plans, especially in the Caribbean subregion.
11. FAO, IICA, and global financing agencies such as the World Bank and IADB, should
strengthen technical assistance on socioeconomic issues and support the urgent
development of national plans for compensation (indemnification) and restoration of the
productive chain following an outbreak. They should also endeavour to obtain funds for
this purpose.
12. The countries (public and private sector) and the international animal health
organizations should help develop national biosecurity standards in the various poultry
production systems.
13. In conjunction with international organizations, each country's national contingency
plans should be evaluated and tested through nationwide simulations, both on a
distance basis and involving personal participation.
14. With assistance from international organizations, countries should obtain the
information needed to undertake effective HPAI risk analysis, which should be updated
at least every six months.
15. In conjunction with other international organizations, FAO should strengthen technical
assistance and training to improve surveillance for HPAI prevention, using an active
and targeted epidemiological surveillance system in accordance with completed risk
studies. At the same time, the veterinary services should improve information systems
and traceability by increasing the registration of poultry producers, farms and
conducting livestock censuses.
16. FAO and OIE should organize seminars, workshops and specialist meetings on HPAI
disease laboratory diagnostics in an attempt to continue to harmonize and standardize
procedures using the diagnostic protocols according to the modification issued by
13. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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OIE/FAO reference laboratories. Arisen from the technological advance and the
genetic changes of the HPAI virus.
17. FAO, international organizations and other institutions such as USDA or USAID, should
provide advanced training courses on the epidemiology of HPAI (H5N1), at all technical
levels of national veterinary services. Special attention should be paid to active
surveillance, monitoring programmes, immunization campaigns and control
programmes.
18. Together with international organizations and the WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society)
among others, FAO should provide training courses on ornithological issues related to
HPAI (recognition of migratory species, procedures of capture, management of birds,
sample preservation and shipment methods from laboratory) among wild birds, whether
living in the wild or in captivity.
19. International organizations, WCS and other institutions with concerns regarding
ornithological issues related to HPAI should conduct national epidemiological studies
among wild birds in three or four countries of the Caribbean, Central American, Andean
and Southern Cone subregions.
20. With assistance derived from international organizations, the public and private sectors
in individual countries should compile and document data on wild bird movements
resulting from their trade, or other movements involving wild species.
21. With assistance from FAO, WHO and other international organizations, countries
should prepare or update a national map containing data on migratory birds and the
distribution of poultry, to guide and target epidemiological surveillance on the basis of
risk and possible control activities.
22. FAO should provide technical assistance to help countries intergrate their national
information systems with the epidemiological data system developed by FAO and INTA
and, at the same time, provide distance and attendance-based training on the system,
to analyse the information obtained and prepare reports.
23. FAO, WHO, OIE and other international organizations should provide training on the
interdisciplinary aspects of risk communication needed during an outbreak of the
disease, and on the necessary analytical development required for risk management.
24. FAO and other international organizations should help national laboratories improve
their infrastructure and equipment, including inventories and budgeting.
25. Countries should take steps to establish one or more subregional or regional referral
laboratories for HPAI diagnosis, in accordance with OIE/FAO standards on the subject.
26. International organizations, including FAO, should continue to support countries in the
standardization, authorization, harmonization and establishment of molecular
diagnostic techniques (both virological and serological) for the purpose of diagnosing
the disease.
27. WHO, USDA and FAO should continue to provide advanced certification courses for
the collection, storage and mailing of HPAI-suspect samples, pursuant to the
requirements of the International Air Transport Association (IATA).
28. FAO and other international organizations should support annual inter-laboratory
meetings with application of proficiency test on diagnostic techniques of relevance to
HPAI, in the laboratories of countries in the region with capability for this.
14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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29. In partnership with FAO and other international organizations, the public and private
sectors in individual countries should provide personal protective equipment for in
preparation for HPAI control and containment programmes.
30. FAO and other international organizations should provide training to personnel
operating mobile culling and disinfection units.
31. FAO and other international organizations should provide technical assistance for the
development of immunization strategies and a national plan for emergency HPAI
immunization.
32. Official Veterinary Services in the region in conjunction with vaccine manufacturers
must cooperate to find the best alternative (with regard to the prevention of and
inhibition of the spread of HPAI), to ensure availability of the biologicals in the
necessary quantity and quality at the time of disease outbreaks in the region. The
possibility of establishing a regional vaccines bank should also be considered.
33. FAO, WHO, PAHO and other international organizations should help countries
formulate a national communication plan, and provide technical assistance on all
aspects of communication, particularly in terms of: (1) raising public awareness with
various target audiences; (2) improving communication in crisis situations; (3)
increasing coordination between the various government ministries involved, and
between the central and provincial levels.
34. International organizations, including FAO, should help countries develop suitable
communication tools using local languages, via testing the comprehension of their
content, and by targeting prevention messages and other communication tools towards
poultry producers and consumers and the public at large.
35. Countries should translate FAO documents and other publications on HPAI into local
languages.
36. With the assistance of international organizations, countries should prepare and
distribute surveillance and biosecurity manuals targeting poultry producers, rural
families, veterinarians and other stakeholders in the poultry productive chain.
37. Countries and international organizations should disseminate information on HPAI
through local and regional internet sites dealing with this issue.
38. In conjunction with FAO, IICA and other international organizations, countries should
provide nationwide training on good poultry practices and biosecurity principles on
farms, specifically targeting farmers, producers, employees, veterinarians and other
personnel involved in poultry production and trade.
39. With assistance from international organizations, countries should establish and
promote the regional exchange of epidemiological information on the disease, including
the situation specific information in relation to other diseases, information on outbreaks,
control measures and how to improve early detection systems, including technical
information and technology transfer.
40. With regard to AI prevention and outbreak response, countries in conjunction with FAO
and other international organizations should establish communication platforms for
non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
41. FAO and OIE should convene a meeting of GF-TADs with all participating international
organizations, to seek ways of improving their efficiency and operations, to the benefit
of member countries.
15. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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42. To follow up the idea of investing in prevention work, countries should approve the plan
of action for the prevention and control of HPAI, as presented by FAO for development
over the next 90 days, which includes the following: (a) finalization and submission of
project technical documents; (b) preparation of a monthly regional HPAI bulletin; (c)
relaunch of national communication programmes (public-private partnership); (d)
maintenance of networks of diagnostics, communication and surveillance
professionals; (e) preparation of four project documents to implement the
recommendations arising from the meeting; (f) submission of project documents for
consideration by the countries and international organizations; (g) promotion of project
financing in conjunction with international organizations; (i) maintenance of a
communication link with veterinary service chiefs for the purpose of reporting progress
achieved; and (j) reformulation of the strategy to be pursued, in consultation with the 33
participating countries, once funding has been obtained for at least one of the projects.
7. MEETING CLOSURE
At the Prieto Salon of Crowne Plaza Hotel, Santiago, Chile, the President of the Meeting Mr.
Claudio Ternicier, closed the event on Wednesday 31 October 2007 at 18.15 hours, after a few
words of address by Mr. Ariel Mendes, ALA. The President thanked FAO for good performance
in the execution and implementation of these projects and requested the participants and
representatives of the countries to join efforts in continuing working together in the prevention
and control of the HPAI in the Continent.
16. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
15
ANNEX 1
AGENDA
The International Meeting will be held on October 30th
- 31st
, 2007 at the facilities of the Hotel
Crowne Plaza, Santiago, located in Av. Libertador Bernardo. O'Higgins 136, Santiago, Chile.
Tuesday, October 30, 2007
ISSUE TIME ACTIVITY RESPONSIBLE PERSON
1 08:30 – 09:00 Registration of participants Organization team
2 09:00 – 09:20 Opening Ceremony
Dr. Jose Graziano da Silva, FAO
Regional Representative for Latin
America and the Caribbean
3 09:20 – 10:20
Global situation of the highly pathogenic avian
influenza H5N1 (Asian) epizootic and the role of FAO
Dr. Tito Díaz
(FAO/RLC)
4 10:20 – 10:50
FAO intervention in activities towards the prevention
and control of HPAI in Latin America and the
Caribbean
Dr. Moisés Vargas-Terán
(FAO/RLC)
10:50 – 11:10 Coffee Break
5 11:10– 11:40
Briefing of activities implemented by the four regional
projects and their products
Dr. Juan García García
(FAO/RLC)
6 11:40 – 12:20
HPAI prevention and contingency programmes in
America; a regional challenge
Dr. Héctor Campos
(FAO/RLC))
7 12:20 – 13:00
Current situation and perspectives of HPAI diagnosis in
the region through regional support laboratories for
Latin America and the Caribbean
Dr. Christian Mathieu
(FAO/RLC
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch
8 14:00 - 14:40
Methodology systems for surveillance and early alert
including risk analysis aspects of HPAI
Dr. Jorge Hernandez
(FAO/RLC)
9 14:40 – 15:30
Geographical information system for epidemiological
purposes to survey HPAI in Latin America and the
Caribbean; coordination among countries
Dr. Sergio Duffy
(INTA)
10 15:30 – 16:00
Regional communication strategy for the prevention of
HPAI
Lic. Cecilia Ballesteros
(FAO/RLC)
16:00 – 16:30
Coffee Break and review of panels with posters and
messages developed by the communication and
information teams of the projects
11 16:30 – 17:00
FAO/OIE vaccination strategy for the prevention and
control of HPAI in the American Continent; advantages
and disadvantages
Dr. Juan Garcia Garcia
(FAO/RLC)
12 17:00 - 19:00
Complementary interventions conducted by:
PAHO/PANAFTOSA, IICA, OIE, USDA, CAN, OIRSA,
USAID, CARICOM and CIRAD, to prevent HPAI in
Latin America and the Caribbean
OIE, USDA, CAN, PAHO, OIRSA,
USAID, CARICOM and CIRAD
19:00 – 21:30 Welcome cocktail
Wednesday, October 31, 2007
ISSUE TIME ACTIVITY RESPONSIBLE PERSON
13 09:00 – 09:20
Welcome to the second day meetings and review of
first day activities
Organization team
14 09:20 – 10:00
FAO Technical Cooperation Programme: a response
tool for the needs of member states
Ms. Admira Mara
(FAO/TCEO)
15 10:00 – 10:40
Presentation of the proposed compensation
mechanisms to respond in the event of an HPAI
Dr. Claus Köbrich
(FAO/RLC)
17. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
16
sanitary emergency
10:40 – 11:00 Coffee Break
16 11:00 – 11:40
Socio-economical impact of avian influenza; challenges
for the region
Dra. Macarena Vidal
(U Mayor)
17 11:40 – 12:30
Financing mechanisms for the animal health sector in
Latin America and the Caribbean
WB, IADB, USDA, USAID, countries,
producers
12:30 – 14:00 Lunch
18 14:10 - 14:40
Proposal of a regional strategy and action plan for the
preparation and early response against HPAI
Dr. Moises Vargas-Teran
(FAO/RLC)
19 14:40 - 15:20
Discussion forum for present activities and future
actions
Discussion panel
15:20 – 16:00 Coffee Break
20 16:00 – 16:30 Agreements and recommendations Discussion panel
21 16:30 – 17:00 Closing ceremony
Dr. Jose Graziano da Silva, FAO
Regional Representative for Latin
America and the Caribbean
18. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
17
ANNEX 2
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Representants of the Countries
ANTIGUA and BARBUDA ARGENTINA
Dr. Zakia. Diaz-Goodwin
National Coordinator TCP/RLA3103
Ministry Of Agriculture, Lands, and Fisheries
Queen Elizabeth Highway
St John’s, Antigua
Tel: (268) 460 1759
Fax: (268) 460 1759
Email: camiloantiguo@yahoo.es
Dr. Jorge Dillon
Dirección Nacional de Sanidad Animal
Paseo Colón 367, 9° piso (1063)
Buenos Aires. Argentina
Tel: (54 11) 4121-5401 / 4121-5402
Fax: (54-11) 4342-1628
E-mail: dnsa@senasa.gov.ar
Web: www.senasa.gov.ar
BARBADOS BOLIVIA
Mr. Bryan Sanford
Animal Health Assistant/Inspector
Veterinary Services
The Pine, St Michael
Barbados
Tel: (246) 427-5492
Fax: (246) 429-2143
Email: sand_truck@yahoo.com
Web: http://www.agriculture.gov.bb
Dr. Roger Cabrera Terrazas
Coordinador Nacional PORNESA
Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Desarrollo
Rural
Avenida José Natush Velasco 271
Trinidad Beni. Bolivia
Tel: (591-) 77305137
Email: rogerct@cotas.com.bo
Web: www.senasag.gov.bo
BELIZE BRASIL
Dr. Victor Góngora
Veterinary Officer
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Cooperatives
West Block, Belmoplan
Belize
Tel: (501) 8 22 2322 / 220 197
Fax: 501) 8-222 854
Email: Victorgongora_bz@yahoo.com
Web: www.baha.bz
Dr. Jorge Caetano Junior
Director Departamento Defensa Animal
Secretaría de Defensa Agropecuaria
Eslp. Dos Ministerios Bloco D
Anexo MA-SL 318. CEP 70043900
Brasilia/DF. Brasil
Tel: (55-61) 3218-2701 /3218-2726
Fax : (55-61) 3226-3446
Email: jcaetano@agricultura.gov.br
Web: www.agricultura.gov.br
COSTA RICA COLOMBIA
Dr. Gilberto Venegas
Coordinador Programa de Salud Aviar.
Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería
Barreal de Heredia Km15 Jardines del Recuerdo,
Heredia, Costa Rica
Tel. (506) 260 9049
E-Mail: venegas@senasa.go.cr
Dra. Deyanira Barrero López
Subgerente de Regulación y Protección ICA
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA)
Calle 37 N° 843, El Dorado, apartado aéreo 7984.
Colombia
Tel: (57-1) 332-3700
E-Mail: deyanira.barrero@ica.gov.co
19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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CUBA CHILE
Dr. Carlos Delgado
Sub Director de los Servicios Veterinarios
Instituto de Medicina Veterinaria
Ministerio de la Agricultura
Calle 12 N° 355, 15 y 17
El Vedado
Zona Postal 10400
Ciudad de Habana – Cuba
Tel : (53-7) 8306615/ 830-3347
Fax : (53-7) 8303537
Email. carlosdelgado@infomed.sld.cu
Dr. Claudio Ternicier
Director División de Protección Pecuaria
Servicio agrícola y Ganadero (SAG)
Ministerio de Agricultura
Av. Bulnes 140, piso 7
Casilla 4088
Santiago – Chile
Tel: (56-2) 345 1401/ 1402 / 1422
Fax: (56-2) 345 1401/02
Email: claudio.ternicier@sag.gob.cl
Web: www.sag.gob.cl
ECUADOR EL SALVADOR
Dr. Gustavo Oñate
Coordinador Nacional del TCP/RLA/3105
Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería
Avds. Eloy Alfaro y Amazonas piso 9
Quito – Ecuador
Tel. (593-2) 254 8823 ext. 120/136
Cel: 5392-0934 34797
E- mail: gonate@mag.gov.ec
Dr. Miguel Ramírez
Jefe Unidad Sanidad Avícola
Cantón el Manzano, Soyapango
San Salvador El Salvador
Tel: (503) 2297-8424
Fax: (503) 2297-8424.
E-mail: miguehramirez@msn.com
GUATEMALA GRENADA
Dr. Miguel Ángel Azañon Robles
Director de Salud Animal
Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y alimentación
7ª Avenida 12-90, Zona 13
Edificio Anexo Monja Blanca
Guatemala
Tel: (502-2) 475 3058
Fax: (502-2) 475 3068
Email: miguel.azanon@maga.gob.gt
Web: www.maga.gob.gt
Dr. Bowen Louison
Chief Veterinary Officer
Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry & Fisheries
Ministerial Complex
Tanteen
St Georges
GRENADA
Tel: (473) 440 3195; (473) 440 2708
Fax: (473) 440 4191
Email: vetlive@caribsurf.com
HONDURAS JAMAICA
Dr. Edmundo Omar Toro
Director General de Salud Animal
Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (SENASA),
Secretaría de Agricultura y Ganadería
Boulevard Miraflores, Avda. FAO
Apartado Postal 309. Tegucigalpa D.C. Honduras
Tel: (504) 239-7067
Fax : (504) 231-0786
Email: etoro@senasa-sag.gob.hn
Web: www.sag.gob.hn
Dr. Osbil Watson
National Coordinator TCP/RLA3103
Ministry of Agriculture and Mining
P.O. Box 309
193 Old Hope Road
Kingston 6 - Jamaica
Tel. (876) 977-2489/2492 (direct line)
Cell (876)371 8080
Fax: (876) 977 0885
Email: drosbil@mail.infochan.com
MÉXICO PANAMÁ
Dr. César Villarreal Chávez
Subdirector en la Comisión México Estados Unidos
para la Prevención de las
Enfermedades Exóticas de los Animales (CPA).
Tel.: (52 55) 59 05 10 63
Cel (52 55) 37 34 25 32
Email: coor.tec@senasica.sagarpa.gob.mx
Web: www.sagarpa.gob.mx
Dr. Filiberto Frago
Dirección Nacional de Salud Animal
Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario
Río Tapia Tocumén
Apartado Postal 5390
Panamá 5 – Panamá
Tel: (507) 220 2801 directo: 266 2303 / 266 1812
Fax: (507) 220 7981 / 266 2943
Email : ffrago@mida.go.pa
Web: www.mida-dinasa.gob.pa
20. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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PARAGUAY PERÚ
Dr. Enrique González Colman
Coordinador Nacional del TCP/RLA/3106
Director de Cuarentena
SENACSA
Ruta Mariscal Estigarribia e Ingavi Km.10
San Lorenzo, Paraguay
Tel. (595 21) 523.442 – 524.806.
Fax: (595 21) 523.442
Email: Egonzalez@senacsa.gov.py
Sr. Raul Zegarra Valencia
Programa Sanidad Avícola. Servicio Nacional de
Sanidad Agraria (SENASA)
Ministerio de Agricultura
Av. La Molina 1915
Distrito de La Molina
Lima - Perú
Telf.: 511 - 313-3300 Anexo 1935
Fax: 511 - 313 3326
Email: rzegarra@senasa.gob.pe
REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
Dra. Dejelia Gómez
Dirección General de Ganadería
Ciudad Ganadera
Autopista 30 de Mayo
Santo Domingo D.N.
Republica Dominicana
Tel. (809) 535 9689
Fax: (1-809) 533-5863
E-mail Dgomezvet@gmail.com
Dr. Tracey Challenger
Chief Veterinary Officer
Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Housing & Development
Government Headquarters
Church Street
St KITTS
Tel: (866) 465 2521
Fax: (869) 465 2635
Email: doastk@caribsurf.com
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES SAINT LUCIA
Dr. Kathian Hertbert-Hackshaw
Chief Veterinary Officer
Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries
Richmond Hill
Kingstown
St VINCENT and the GRENADINES
Tel: (784) 456 1471
Fax: (784) 487 1688
Email: ells@vincysurf.com
Dr. George Joseph
Chief Veterinary Officer
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries
John Compton Highway
Castries
ST. LUCIA
Tel: (758) 450 4581/3213/2812
Fax: (758) 450 1185
Email: vetunit@slumaffe.org
ghjosephgi@yahoo.com
SURINAME VENEZUELA
Dr. Benjamin Lieveld
Senior Veterinary Officer
Ministry of Agriculture
Letitia Vriesdelaan
Paramaribo
Suriname
Tel: (597) 884 8830 / 211-290
Fax: (597) 404 407
Email: odve@cq-link.sr
rubeha@yahoo.com
Dra. Mercedes Campos
Director Sanidad Animal
Servicio Autónomo de Sanidad Animal (SASA)
Avda. Lecuna – Esquina El Conde
Torre Este, Piso 12
Parque Central
Caracas, D.F. - Venezuela
Tel: (58-212) 705-3420 al 22
Fax: (58-0212) 542 1922
Email: mercedesjcampos@hotmail.com
21. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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Regional Coordinators
PROJECT TCP/RLA/3103 PROYECTO TCP/RLA/3104
Dr. Terence Mayers
Technical Administrative Liaison Consultant
United Nations House
Marine Gardens, Hastings
Christ Church, BB 11000
BARBADOS, W.I.
P.O. Box 631-C, Bridgetown, Barbados, W.I.
Tel: (1-246) 426 7110 / 11 / 02
Fax: (1-246) 427 9894
Email: terence.mayers@fao.org
Dra. Rocio Campuzano
Coordinador Regional de Proyecto
Calle Ramón Belloso,
final pasaje Isolde, Colonia Escalón,
San Salvador, El Salvador, C.A.
Apartado Postal (01) 61
Tel: (503) 2263 1123
Fax (503) 2263 1128
Email: rocio.campuzano@fao.org
Web : http://www.oirsa.org
PROYECTO TCP/RLA/3106 PROYECTO TCP/RLA/3106
Dr. Jorge Ocampo
Coordinador Regional de Proyecto
Paseo de la República 3895, esq. Aramburú, San
Isidro,
Lima 27 – PERU
Tel: (511) 411 14 00 anx 1413
Fax: (511) 221 33 29
E-mail: jorge.ocampo@fao.org
Web: http://www.comunidadnadina.org
Dr. Ernesto Spath
Coordinador Regional de Proyecto
Paseo Colón 315, 5º “D”
C1063ACD – Buenos Aires-Argentina
Tel :( 54 11) 4331-3919
Fax (54-11) 4331- 5162
E-mail: ernesto.spath@fao.org
Web: http://www.rr-americas.oie.in
Projects Consultants
Consultor en Comunicación para el Desarrollo Consultor en Diagnóstico de Laboratorio
Lic. Cecilia Ballesteros Valdez
Bº Juramento - Manzana B –
Casa 25 - Cod. Postal 4107
Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina
Tel.: (54 381) 425 4967
Email: cecibal@arnet.com.ar
Dr. Christian Mathieu Benson
Laboratorio de Virología, SAG - Chile
Complejo lo Aguirre – Ruta 68, Km 22 Pudahuel.
Santiago – Chile.
Tel.: (56-2) 345 1928
Fax: (56-2) 345 1927
Cel: (56-09) 9 817 6779
Email: christian.mathieu@sag.gob.cl
Consultor en Planes de Prevención y Contingencia Consultor en Redes de Vigilancia y Epidemiología
Dr. Héctor Campos López
Casilla Postal 3-12486
Calle Pedro Salazar 355 Of 1
La Paz, Bolivia
Tel.: (591-2) 277 2357
E-Mail: hectorcamposlopez@hotmail.com
Dr. Jorge Antonio Hernández
4318 SW 91st Drive. Gainesville, FL,
USA 32608
Gainesville, FL, USA
Tel.: 1 352 562 1548
Fax: 1 352 392 7551
E-mail: Hernandezj@mail.vetmed.ufl.edu
Consultor en Estrategia y Economía Agropecuaria Coordinador Acuerdo FAO-INTA
Dr. Claus Köbrich
Santa Rosa 11.735
La Pintana. Santiago. Chile
Tel.: (56-2) 978 5556
Fax:
Email: kobrich@uchile.cl
Dr. Sergio J. Duffy
Director Instituto de Patobiología
Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y
Agronómicas
INTA Castelar
CC 25 (1712) Castelar
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Tel.: (54 11) 4621-1712
Email : sduffy@cnia.inta.gov.ar
22. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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Agricultural and Livestock Services – SAG - Chile
Dr. Álvaro González Rubio
Encargado Nacional de Vigilancia y Sanidad de Aves
División de Protección Pecuaria, SAG
Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero
Av. Bulnes 140. Piso 7. Santiago.
Tel.: 56 – 2 – 345 1469
Fax: 56 – 2 -345 1403
E-mail: alvaro.gonzalez@sag.gob.cl
Dra. Julissa Jeria Lara
Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Pecuaria
División de Protección Pecuaria, SAG
Av. Bulnes 140
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 345 1447
Fax: (56-2) 345 1403
Email: julissa.jeria@sag.gob.cl
Dr. Alejandro Rivera
Jefe Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Pecuaria
División de Protección Pecuaria, SAG
Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero
Av. Bulnes 140. Piso 7. Santiago.
Tel.: 56 – 2 – 345 1469
Fax: 56 – 2 -345 1403
E-mail: alejandro.rivera@sag.gob.cl
Dr. Rubén Moreira
Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Pecuaria
División de Protección Pecuaria, SAG
Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero
Av. Bulnes 140. Piso 7. Santiago.
Tel.: 56 – 2 – 345 1469
Fax: 56 – 2 -345 1403
E-mail: ruben.moreira@sag.gob.cl
Dra. Cecilia Jara
Laboratorio de Patología, SAG - Chile
Complejo lo Aguirre – Ruta 68, Km 22
Pudahuel. Santiago – Chile.
Tel.: (56-2) 345 1928
Fax: (56-2) 345 1927
Cel: (56-09) 9 817 6779
Email: cecilia.jara@sag.gob.cl
Universidad Mayor
Dra. Macarena Vidal Ogueta
Directora
Escuela Medicina Veterinaria
Universidad Mayor
Camino La Pirámide 5750.
Huechuraba. Santiago.
Tel.: (56 2) 328 1390.
Fax. (56 2) 3281207
Email: macarena.vidal@umayor.cl
Web www.umayor.cl
Dr. Leopoldo del Barrio Reyna
Coordinador Prácticas Profesionales
Escuela Medicina Veterinaria
Universidad Mayor
Camino La Pirámide 5750.
Huechuraba. Santiago.
Tel.: (56 2) 328 1234.
Fax. (56 2) 3281207
Email: leopoldo.delbarrio@umayor.cl
Web www.umayor.cl
23. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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International Organizations
APHIS-USDA APHIS-USDA
Dr. José Juan Bruzual
Coordinador hemisferio Occidental
Influenza Aviar. APHIS-USDA
1400 Independencia Av.
San Room 3820-5,
Mail Stop 3453 Washington DC 20250, EEUU
Telf.: (301) 659-3079
Fax: (202) 690-0451
E-mail: jose.bruzual@aphis.usda.gov
Dr. Cesar A. Sandoval
Agricultural Scientist
USDA-APHIS-IS
U.S. Embassy
Curundu-Heights
Building 573
Panama City, Panama
Tel.: (507) 232-6647
Cel: (507) 6616-3122
Email: cesar.A.Sandoval@aphis.usda.gov
APHIS-USDA APHIS-USDA
Dra. Karen Sliter
Directora Regional del APHIS para Sudamérica -
APHIS-USDA
US Embassy
Av. Andres Bello 2800, Las Condes
Santiago, Chile
Tel.: (56 2) 330 3490
Fax: (56 2) 335 6440
Email: karen.sliter@aphis.usda.gov
Ms. Paula Morales
Agricultural Scientist
USDA - United States Embassy
Pedro Henriquez Vrena #133, Reina Primera
Santo Domingo
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Tel: (809) 227-0111 ext 293
Fax: (809) 227-1948
Email: Paula.Morales@aphis.usda.gov
CIRAD IICA
Dr. Thierry Lefrancois
Departement EMVT Guadeloupe
Domaine de Duclos
Prise d’eau, 97170 Petit Bourg
GUADELOUPE
Tel: 590-590255995
Fax: 590-590940396
Email: Thierry.lefrancois@cirad.fr
Dra. Ana Marisa Cordero
Especialista Sanidad Agropecuaria
PO Box 55- 2200. Coronado, Costa Rica
Tel: (50 6) 216 0659
FAX: (50 6) 2160173
Email: Ana.Cordero@iica.int
Web: www.iica.int
OIE OIRSA
Dr. José Joaquín Oreamuno
Representación Sub Regional de la OIE para
Centoamérica
Avenida Morgan 2475, Planta Baja
Balboa – Ancón, Ciudad de Panamá,
República de Panamá.
Tel.: (507) 314-0026
Fax: (507) 314-1032
Email: rsr.centroamerica@oie.int
j.oreamuno@oie.int
Web: http://www.rr-americas.oie.int
Dra. Mara González
Encargada de Salud Animal
Calle Ramón Belloso, final Pasaje Isolde
San Salvador, El Salvador
Tel. (503) 2263-1123
Fax: (503) 2263-1128
e-mail: megonzalez@oirsa.org
OPS-OMS OPS-PANAFTOSA
Dr. Eduardo Alvarez
Salud Pública veterianrioa
Organización Panamericana de la Salud – OPS
Av. Providencia 1017, pisos 4° y 5°
Casilla 9459 – Cod. Postal 6640391
Providencia, Santiago, Chile
Tel.: (56-2) 437 4622
Fax: (56-2) 264 9311
Email: alvareze@chi.ops-oms.org
Dr. José Naranjo Yañez
Jefe del Sector de Epidemiología
OPS/PANAFTOSA
Av. Presidente Kennedy 7778
Dique de Caxias
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Tel: 55 21 3661 9024
Fax: 55 21 3661 9001
Email: jnaranjo@panaftosa.ops-oms.org
Web : www.panaftosa.org
24. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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Producers Associations
Dr. Ariel Mendes
ALA - Asociación Latinoamericana de Avicultura
ARCE 441 3º piso C1426BSE
Buenos Aires Argentina
Tel.: (5411) 4774-4770
E-mail: info@avicolatina.org
Email: arielmendes@fca.unesp.br
Web : www.uba.org.br
Dr. Antonio Echevería
CANAVI – Cámara Nacional Avícola (Costarica)
acional Panasonic 100 metros este. Belen Heredia,
Costa Rica
Tel.: (506) 239 31 47
Fax : (506)239 31 47
Email : presidencia@ternerina.com
Dr. Pedro Guerrero
APA – Asociación de Productores Avícolas de Chile
Isidora Goyenechea 2939, Ofic. 701,
Santiago de Chile
Tel.: (562) 2313939
Fax : (562) 3351035
Email: pguerrero@apa.cl
Web : http://www.apa.cl
Dr. Juan Esteban Calvo
APA – Asociación de Productores Avícolas de Chile
Isidora Goyenechea 2939, Ofic. 701,
Santiago de Chile
Tel.: (562) 2313939
Fax : (562) 3351035
Email: jecalvo@apa.cl
Web : http://www.apa.cl
Dr. Pedro Mitma Olivos
APA – Asociación Peruana de Avicultura (Peru)
Calle Esmeralda 255 San Borja.
Lima41, Perú
Tel.: (511) 372-1540
Fax : (511) 372-1538
Email : dipedmit@san-fernando.com.pe
Web : http://www.apavic.com
Dr. Jorge Enrique Bedoya
FENAVI – Federación Nacional Avícola (Colombia)
Carreta 33 Num. 90-43. Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia
Tel.: (571) 6213613 / 6213656
Fax : (571) 6115304
Email : jbedoya@fenavi.org
Web : http://www.fenavi.org
FAO Personals
Dr. Moisés Vargas-Terán
Oficial de Salud Animal, FAO/RLC
Dag Hammarskjold No. 3241, Vitacura
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 337 2119
Fax: (56-2) 337 2101
E-mail: moises.vargasteran@fao.org
Dr. Tito Efraín Díaz
Oficial Principal Salud y Producción Animal, FAO/RLC
Dag Hammarskjold No. 3241, Vitacura
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 337 2250
Fax: (56-2) 337 2101
E-mail: tito.diaz@fao.org
Ms. Admira Mara
Operations Officer (Emergencies)
Emergency Operations Service
FAO Headquarters
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
Rome 00100
ITALY
Tel: (39 06) 570-53548
Fax: (39 06) 570-54941
Email: Admira.Mara@fao.org
Dr. Juan García García
Coordinador Internacional en Influenza Aviar
FAO/RLC
Dag Hammarskjold No. 3241, Vitacura
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 337 2159
Fax: (56-2) 337 2101
E-mail: juan.garciagarcia@fao.org
25. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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Dr. Rigoberto Carrión Pincheira
Consultor de Enlace Técnico Administrativo
Proyectos Influenza Aviar FAO/RLC
Dag Hammarskjold No. 3241, Vitacura
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 337 2232
Fax: (56-2) 337 2101
E-mail: rigoberto.carrion@fao.org
Sr. Rodolfo Rivers
Consultor
División Salud y Producción Animal FAO/RLC
Dag Hammarskjold No. 3241, Vitacura
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 337 2349
Fax: (56-2) 337 2101
E-mail: rodolfo.rivers@fao.org
Dr. Daniel Urra Medel
Consultor Web
División Salud y Producción Animal FAO/RLC
Dag Hammarskjold No. 3241, Vitacura
Santiago, Chile
Tel: (56-2) 337 2243
Fax: (56-2) 337 2101
E-mail: Rolando.rivers@fao.org
Dr. Chistopher Hamilton
Consultor AGAH/EMPRES
FAO Headquarters
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
Rome 00100
ITALY
Tel: (39 06) 570-54288
Email: Christopher.Hamilton@fao.org
26. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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ANNEX 3
GROUP PHOTOGRAPH