The document discusses issues faced by Yahoo China and challenges of operating internationally, including political and management missteps that hurt Yahoo's performance in China. It also covers different political philosophies like individualism, collectivism, and socialism that influence business environments, as well as ethics, human rights, technology, and other topics international companies must navigate.
The Political, Legal, and Technological Environment of Global BusinessIsmam Shawon
The document provides an overview of the political, legal, and technological environments faced by global businesses. It discusses key aspects of these environments, including:
- The political situations in countries like China, Russia, Europe, and the Middle East that global businesses must navigate.
- The four main foundations of global law: Islamic law, socialist law, common law, and civil law.
- Important principles of international law around sovereignty, jurisdiction, and treatment of foreign citizens and businesses.
- Legal and regulatory issues such as the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and challenges of bureaucratic governments.
- How technological capabilities in e-business and telecommunications are shaping global shifts in production and commerce.
This chapter discusses globalization and international linkages. It examines the major trends in global and regional economic integration. It also analyzes the changing balance of global economic power and shifts in trade and investment flows among countries. The chapter outlines the economic systems of different countries and recent developments that reflect those systems. It provides an overview of the economic performance and competitiveness of major world regions including North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and developing/emerging countries.
The political, legal and Technological Environment 南臺科技大學
This document discusses the political, legal, and technological environment that multinational corporations operate within globally. It introduces different political ideologies and systems, the four foundations of global law, principles of international law, issues regarding technology and global production shifts, and how advances in certain technologies may impact developing nations.
National difference in Political, Legal, CultureGnanaraj06
The document discusses several key aspects of national differences in political, legal, and cultural systems. It describes how political systems can vary in their emphasis on collectivism versus individualism and democracy versus totalitarianism. It also outlines major legal systems such as common law, civil law, and theocratic law. Additionally, it examines the various determinants that shape culture, including social structure, religion, education, language, and work motivation.
The document discusses the political and legal environments facing international business. It defines political systems and legal systems, outlines different types of political and legal systems around the world, and examines trends in these systems. It also profiles the concepts of political risk and intellectual property rights, and how they relate to conducting business internationally.
This document provides an overview of political environments and systems that multinational enterprises must consider. It discusses key aspects of political systems including public and non-public institutions, internal and external forces, and political processes. It also outlines different political ideologies like liberalism and conservatism. Different political systems like democracy and totalitarianism are compared in terms of their characteristics. Factors that influence political risk for businesses are also examined.
This chapter discusses the political and legal environment factors that are important for international businesses to consider. It covers different types of political systems, such as democracies, monarchies, and theocracies. It also examines international legal systems like common law, civil law, and socialist law. The chapter outlines various risks international businesses face, such as political, economic and commercial risks. It introduces tools for measuring country risk, including the BERI Index, EIU risk indices, and other indexes. Finally, it discusses methods for managing risks, such as employing locals, sharing ownership, and using insurance guarantees.
International political environment - class materialErnesto Luna
The document discusses several factors in the political and legal environments that can affect international business:
In the political environment, it discusses nation-states and sovereignty, political risk, taxes, dilution of equity control, and expropriation. In the legal environment, it discusses international law, establishment of business, jurisdiction, intellectual property (patents, trademarks, copyright), antitrust laws, and the role of the World Trade Organization in international trade. Overall, the document outlines important political and legal considerations for international businesses operating across borders.
The Political, Legal, and Technological Environment of Global BusinessIsmam Shawon
The document provides an overview of the political, legal, and technological environments faced by global businesses. It discusses key aspects of these environments, including:
- The political situations in countries like China, Russia, Europe, and the Middle East that global businesses must navigate.
- The four main foundations of global law: Islamic law, socialist law, common law, and civil law.
- Important principles of international law around sovereignty, jurisdiction, and treatment of foreign citizens and businesses.
- Legal and regulatory issues such as the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and challenges of bureaucratic governments.
- How technological capabilities in e-business and telecommunications are shaping global shifts in production and commerce.
This chapter discusses globalization and international linkages. It examines the major trends in global and regional economic integration. It also analyzes the changing balance of global economic power and shifts in trade and investment flows among countries. The chapter outlines the economic systems of different countries and recent developments that reflect those systems. It provides an overview of the economic performance and competitiveness of major world regions including North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and developing/emerging countries.
The political, legal and Technological Environment 南臺科技大學
This document discusses the political, legal, and technological environment that multinational corporations operate within globally. It introduces different political ideologies and systems, the four foundations of global law, principles of international law, issues regarding technology and global production shifts, and how advances in certain technologies may impact developing nations.
National difference in Political, Legal, CultureGnanaraj06
The document discusses several key aspects of national differences in political, legal, and cultural systems. It describes how political systems can vary in their emphasis on collectivism versus individualism and democracy versus totalitarianism. It also outlines major legal systems such as common law, civil law, and theocratic law. Additionally, it examines the various determinants that shape culture, including social structure, religion, education, language, and work motivation.
The document discusses the political and legal environments facing international business. It defines political systems and legal systems, outlines different types of political and legal systems around the world, and examines trends in these systems. It also profiles the concepts of political risk and intellectual property rights, and how they relate to conducting business internationally.
This document provides an overview of political environments and systems that multinational enterprises must consider. It discusses key aspects of political systems including public and non-public institutions, internal and external forces, and political processes. It also outlines different political ideologies like liberalism and conservatism. Different political systems like democracy and totalitarianism are compared in terms of their characteristics. Factors that influence political risk for businesses are also examined.
This chapter discusses the political and legal environment factors that are important for international businesses to consider. It covers different types of political systems, such as democracies, monarchies, and theocracies. It also examines international legal systems like common law, civil law, and socialist law. The chapter outlines various risks international businesses face, such as political, economic and commercial risks. It introduces tools for measuring country risk, including the BERI Index, EIU risk indices, and other indexes. Finally, it discusses methods for managing risks, such as employing locals, sharing ownership, and using insurance guarantees.
International political environment - class materialErnesto Luna
The document discusses several factors in the political and legal environments that can affect international business:
In the political environment, it discusses nation-states and sovereignty, political risk, taxes, dilution of equity control, and expropriation. In the legal environment, it discusses international law, establishment of business, jurisdiction, intellectual property (patents, trademarks, copyright), antitrust laws, and the role of the World Trade Organization in international trade. Overall, the document outlines important political and legal considerations for international businesses operating across borders.
The document discusses political and legal environments. It describes different political systems ranging from democracy to totalitarianism. Democracy features freedom of expression, elections, term limits and an independent court system. Totalitarianism is defined as a system where a single entity monopolizes all political power. The document also discusses political risk and sources of risk for investments. Regarding legal environments, it outlines different legal systems including common law, civil law, theocratic law and customary law. Countries examples of each system are provided.
The document discusses various aspects of political and legal environments that can impact international business operations. It covers topics like political ideology, political risk, managing political risk, legal systems, intellectual property rights, and legal issues companies may face when starting, operating, and closing international business. Key considerations for companies include understanding the political situation and key stakeholders, complying with different legal origins and regulations between countries, and properly managing risk.
Political instability, corruption, terrorism, labor unrest, and bureaucratic obstacles pose challenges to businesses in Nepal's political environment. Frequent changes in government and economic policies have created uncertainty, while strikes, bandhs, and violence disrupt business operations. Corruption increases costs, and weak protection of intellectual property rights hurts firms. Political risks in Nepal include ownership risks from potential property seizure, operating risks from interference, and transfer risks limiting funds movement. The impacts of these political problems include factory closures, investment deterrence, and economic instability negatively affecting the overall business climate.
The document discusses key aspects of political systems and the relationship between business and government in India. It outlines factors that can affect political stability and defines the state, government, and their main political institutions. It also describes the responsibilities of business and government towards each other, and provides an overview of the main components of the Indian Constitution, including the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, and Directive Principles of State Policy.
This document discusses the political and legal environments that international businesses must navigate. It defines key concepts like political systems, ideologies, and forms of government. Totalitarianism and its various forms are explained. Characteristics of democratic governments are provided. The document also covers types of political risk, host government actions, establishing political strategies, and different legal systems. Regulatory changes are outlined regarding how companies can alter, avoid, accede to, or ally with government actions.
Legal Environment - International Business - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Managers must be aware of the legal systems in the countries in which their firms operate, the basic nature of the legal profession (both domestic and international) and the legal relationships that exist between and among countries. Legal systems differ both in terms of the nature of the system and the degree of independence of the judiciary from the political process.
Political Environment - International Business - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
A political system is basically the system of politics and government in a country. It governs a complete set of rules, regulations, institutions, and attitudes. A main differentiator of political systems is each system’s philosophy on the rights of the individual and the group as well as the role of government. Each political system’s philosophy impacts the policies that govern the local economy and business environment.
Political and legal environment of BusinessRucha Kularkar
The political and legal environment consists of factors related to public affairs management and laws that affect business operations in India. As a democratic country, India has a stable political system where the government plays an active role in economic development and ensures security. Marketing decisions are strongly influenced by developments in the political and legal environment. Business legislation aims to protect companies, consumers, and society. The Consumer Protection Act of 1986 outlines six consumer rights including safety, information, choice, representation, redressal, and education.
This document provides an overview of the legal framework of business in India. It discusses the classification of different types of law, the sources of Indian law including customary law and judicial precedents. It also summarizes key aspects of employment law, intellectual property law, competition law, and mechanisms for dispute resolution in India such as arbitration. The legal system aims to balance incorporating international law with domestic statutes and customs.
The document discusses political systems and philosophies, as well as the political environment and structure in Nepal. It covers the following key points:
- Nepal has a democratic federal republic political system that protects fundamental rights and decentralizes power.
- Political factors like the system, policies, and stability can significantly impact business by influencing resources, regulations, and socio-cultural norms.
- The constitution establishes directives, fundamental rights, and state policies related to economy, labor, employment, and international relations.
- Major political parties and the government structure divided into legislative, executive, and judicial branches are outlined.
- Political risk factors for business and techniques for analyzing these risks are also described.
The political environment directly affects the business environment and ethics. A typical bureaucratic political system can hamper business through long start-up processes and lack of empowerment. In contrast, an efficient government ensures economic development. When businesses can bypass laws due to politics, ethics and morality are undermined. Recent scams in India totaling tens of thousands of crores of rupees show how politics can negatively impact businesses and investors. Empowering people and balancing interests can help the economic environment flourish.
The document discusses the political and legal environments facing international business, including different types of political systems and ideologies; indicators of political rights and civil liberties; sources of political risk such as terrorism, property seizure, and policy changes; managing political risk; major legal systems; contract law; anti-corruption laws; intellectual property rights; and the importance of ethical behavior and social responsibility for businesses operating globally.
Nepal has experienced significant political instability in recent decades, transitioning from a monarchy to a democratic republic. Major democratic movements in the 1990s and 2000s sought to curb the king's power and establish a democratic system of government. However, the country still faces political deadlock and unrest as different ethnic groups demand more autonomy. Ongoing disputes over the new constitution and devastating earthquakes in 2015 have exacerbated Nepal's political and economic challenges.
This document discusses various legal issues related to international business. It covers regional, national, and international laws; the basic characteristics and requirements of an effective legal system; the functions of law; sources of international law including treaties, customs, and judicial decisions; commercial treaties and intellectual property rights; the impact of laws on international business operations and strategy; and specific legal issues international businesses may face regarding workers, contracts, antitrust, and intellectual property.
Political, legal & technological environment of USAOgilvy & Mather
The document provides an overview of the political, legal, and technological environment in the United States. It discusses the country's democratic political system and taxation policies. It also outlines key US labor laws, corruption indices, and notes that the upcoming 2016 presidential election may impact the political environment. Regarding the legal environment, the document discusses product liability, business regulations, anti-money laundering laws, and intellectual property protections. It also examines immigration laws and types of visas. Finally, it analyzes the US technological environment, including strengths in innovation, challenges around R&D spending, and future prospects and risks in technology development.
The document discusses the political and economic roles of government in India. It outlines four main economic roles of government: regulation, promotion, entrepreneurship, and planning. For regulation, it distinguishes between direct controls and indirect controls using incentives and penalties. For promotion, it notes the government's importance in developing countries for building infrastructure. It also discusses the government's role as an entrepreneur through public sector enterprises and its role in economic planning. The document then examines India's constitutional environment and principles of governance as outlined in the constitution, including socialist principles, Gandhian principles, and liberal principles. Finally, it discusses the rational and extent of state intervention in the economy.
The document discusses the political and legal environment for business in India. It defines political environment as the system of government and judiciary that impacts international business. The main components of political environment are the ruling party's ideology and policies, political stability, relations with other countries, and the opposition's stance on business. The legal environment refers to the rules and regulations established by the government to regulate business, such as contract, labor, company, and consumer protection laws. However, the political and legal systems have failed to achieve goals like eliminating poverty and protecting workers due to issues like unstable governments, corruption, and inefficient enforcement of laws.
The document discusses the political environment's important role in shaping business worldwide. It explains that the political leadership in each country controls how international business occurs within that country. Managers need to understand how to interact between business and government and react to conflicts of interest. The political environment includes all laws, government agencies, and lobbying groups that influence organizations. It also outlines the key responsibilities and relationships between business and government. Finally, it provides steps for managers to establish appropriate political strategies to be successful when dealing with varying degrees of government intervention across different countries.
The study of administration and the structure of american public administrationtaratoot
Public administration touches all aspects of American citizens' lives and involves over 3 million civil servants. It can be defined as using managerial and legal processes to fulfill legislative, executive, and judicial mandates for providing government services and regulation. There are three main approaches to public administration: managerial which focuses on efficiency; political which sees administration as political; and legal which focuses on applying the law. The American bureaucracy includes cabinet departments, independent agencies, independent regulatory bodies, government corporations, and the presidential bureaucracy centered in the Executive Office of the President. Public administration differs from private administration in its motivations of public services versus profit and its democratic values of centralization and public scrutiny.
This document discusses managing in a global environment. It covers topics like parochialism, global attitudes, regional trading alliances like the EU, NAFTA and ASEAN, and Hofstede's cultural dimensions. It also discusses how organizations go global through stages like exporting, foreign representation, and subsidiaries. National culture can have more influence than organizational culture. Frameworks like Hofstede and GLOBE are used to assess cultural differences between countries. Successfully managing globally requires understanding different cultural perspectives.
This chapter discusses managing in a global environment. It covers key topics such as different global attitudes, regional trading agreements like the EU and NAFTA, the role of the WTO, different types of international organizations, and challenges of managing across different legal, economic and cultural environments. Cultural frameworks for assessing differences like Hofstede's and GLOBE are also summarized. The chapter emphasizes developing a geocentric perspective to effectively manage global business.
The document discusses political and legal environments. It describes different political systems ranging from democracy to totalitarianism. Democracy features freedom of expression, elections, term limits and an independent court system. Totalitarianism is defined as a system where a single entity monopolizes all political power. The document also discusses political risk and sources of risk for investments. Regarding legal environments, it outlines different legal systems including common law, civil law, theocratic law and customary law. Countries examples of each system are provided.
The document discusses various aspects of political and legal environments that can impact international business operations. It covers topics like political ideology, political risk, managing political risk, legal systems, intellectual property rights, and legal issues companies may face when starting, operating, and closing international business. Key considerations for companies include understanding the political situation and key stakeholders, complying with different legal origins and regulations between countries, and properly managing risk.
Political instability, corruption, terrorism, labor unrest, and bureaucratic obstacles pose challenges to businesses in Nepal's political environment. Frequent changes in government and economic policies have created uncertainty, while strikes, bandhs, and violence disrupt business operations. Corruption increases costs, and weak protection of intellectual property rights hurts firms. Political risks in Nepal include ownership risks from potential property seizure, operating risks from interference, and transfer risks limiting funds movement. The impacts of these political problems include factory closures, investment deterrence, and economic instability negatively affecting the overall business climate.
The document discusses key aspects of political systems and the relationship between business and government in India. It outlines factors that can affect political stability and defines the state, government, and their main political institutions. It also describes the responsibilities of business and government towards each other, and provides an overview of the main components of the Indian Constitution, including the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, and Directive Principles of State Policy.
This document discusses the political and legal environments that international businesses must navigate. It defines key concepts like political systems, ideologies, and forms of government. Totalitarianism and its various forms are explained. Characteristics of democratic governments are provided. The document also covers types of political risk, host government actions, establishing political strategies, and different legal systems. Regulatory changes are outlined regarding how companies can alter, avoid, accede to, or ally with government actions.
Legal Environment - International Business - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Managers must be aware of the legal systems in the countries in which their firms operate, the basic nature of the legal profession (both domestic and international) and the legal relationships that exist between and among countries. Legal systems differ both in terms of the nature of the system and the degree of independence of the judiciary from the political process.
Political Environment - International Business - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
A political system is basically the system of politics and government in a country. It governs a complete set of rules, regulations, institutions, and attitudes. A main differentiator of political systems is each system’s philosophy on the rights of the individual and the group as well as the role of government. Each political system’s philosophy impacts the policies that govern the local economy and business environment.
Political and legal environment of BusinessRucha Kularkar
The political and legal environment consists of factors related to public affairs management and laws that affect business operations in India. As a democratic country, India has a stable political system where the government plays an active role in economic development and ensures security. Marketing decisions are strongly influenced by developments in the political and legal environment. Business legislation aims to protect companies, consumers, and society. The Consumer Protection Act of 1986 outlines six consumer rights including safety, information, choice, representation, redressal, and education.
This document provides an overview of the legal framework of business in India. It discusses the classification of different types of law, the sources of Indian law including customary law and judicial precedents. It also summarizes key aspects of employment law, intellectual property law, competition law, and mechanisms for dispute resolution in India such as arbitration. The legal system aims to balance incorporating international law with domestic statutes and customs.
The document discusses political systems and philosophies, as well as the political environment and structure in Nepal. It covers the following key points:
- Nepal has a democratic federal republic political system that protects fundamental rights and decentralizes power.
- Political factors like the system, policies, and stability can significantly impact business by influencing resources, regulations, and socio-cultural norms.
- The constitution establishes directives, fundamental rights, and state policies related to economy, labor, employment, and international relations.
- Major political parties and the government structure divided into legislative, executive, and judicial branches are outlined.
- Political risk factors for business and techniques for analyzing these risks are also described.
The political environment directly affects the business environment and ethics. A typical bureaucratic political system can hamper business through long start-up processes and lack of empowerment. In contrast, an efficient government ensures economic development. When businesses can bypass laws due to politics, ethics and morality are undermined. Recent scams in India totaling tens of thousands of crores of rupees show how politics can negatively impact businesses and investors. Empowering people and balancing interests can help the economic environment flourish.
The document discusses the political and legal environments facing international business, including different types of political systems and ideologies; indicators of political rights and civil liberties; sources of political risk such as terrorism, property seizure, and policy changes; managing political risk; major legal systems; contract law; anti-corruption laws; intellectual property rights; and the importance of ethical behavior and social responsibility for businesses operating globally.
Nepal has experienced significant political instability in recent decades, transitioning from a monarchy to a democratic republic. Major democratic movements in the 1990s and 2000s sought to curb the king's power and establish a democratic system of government. However, the country still faces political deadlock and unrest as different ethnic groups demand more autonomy. Ongoing disputes over the new constitution and devastating earthquakes in 2015 have exacerbated Nepal's political and economic challenges.
This document discusses various legal issues related to international business. It covers regional, national, and international laws; the basic characteristics and requirements of an effective legal system; the functions of law; sources of international law including treaties, customs, and judicial decisions; commercial treaties and intellectual property rights; the impact of laws on international business operations and strategy; and specific legal issues international businesses may face regarding workers, contracts, antitrust, and intellectual property.
Political, legal & technological environment of USAOgilvy & Mather
The document provides an overview of the political, legal, and technological environment in the United States. It discusses the country's democratic political system and taxation policies. It also outlines key US labor laws, corruption indices, and notes that the upcoming 2016 presidential election may impact the political environment. Regarding the legal environment, the document discusses product liability, business regulations, anti-money laundering laws, and intellectual property protections. It also examines immigration laws and types of visas. Finally, it analyzes the US technological environment, including strengths in innovation, challenges around R&D spending, and future prospects and risks in technology development.
The document discusses the political and economic roles of government in India. It outlines four main economic roles of government: regulation, promotion, entrepreneurship, and planning. For regulation, it distinguishes between direct controls and indirect controls using incentives and penalties. For promotion, it notes the government's importance in developing countries for building infrastructure. It also discusses the government's role as an entrepreneur through public sector enterprises and its role in economic planning. The document then examines India's constitutional environment and principles of governance as outlined in the constitution, including socialist principles, Gandhian principles, and liberal principles. Finally, it discusses the rational and extent of state intervention in the economy.
The document discusses the political and legal environment for business in India. It defines political environment as the system of government and judiciary that impacts international business. The main components of political environment are the ruling party's ideology and policies, political stability, relations with other countries, and the opposition's stance on business. The legal environment refers to the rules and regulations established by the government to regulate business, such as contract, labor, company, and consumer protection laws. However, the political and legal systems have failed to achieve goals like eliminating poverty and protecting workers due to issues like unstable governments, corruption, and inefficient enforcement of laws.
The document discusses the political environment's important role in shaping business worldwide. It explains that the political leadership in each country controls how international business occurs within that country. Managers need to understand how to interact between business and government and react to conflicts of interest. The political environment includes all laws, government agencies, and lobbying groups that influence organizations. It also outlines the key responsibilities and relationships between business and government. Finally, it provides steps for managers to establish appropriate political strategies to be successful when dealing with varying degrees of government intervention across different countries.
The study of administration and the structure of american public administrationtaratoot
Public administration touches all aspects of American citizens' lives and involves over 3 million civil servants. It can be defined as using managerial and legal processes to fulfill legislative, executive, and judicial mandates for providing government services and regulation. There are three main approaches to public administration: managerial which focuses on efficiency; political which sees administration as political; and legal which focuses on applying the law. The American bureaucracy includes cabinet departments, independent agencies, independent regulatory bodies, government corporations, and the presidential bureaucracy centered in the Executive Office of the President. Public administration differs from private administration in its motivations of public services versus profit and its democratic values of centralization and public scrutiny.
This document discusses managing in a global environment. It covers topics like parochialism, global attitudes, regional trading alliances like the EU, NAFTA and ASEAN, and Hofstede's cultural dimensions. It also discusses how organizations go global through stages like exporting, foreign representation, and subsidiaries. National culture can have more influence than organizational culture. Frameworks like Hofstede and GLOBE are used to assess cultural differences between countries. Successfully managing globally requires understanding different cultural perspectives.
This chapter discusses managing in a global environment. It covers key topics such as different global attitudes, regional trading agreements like the EU and NAFTA, the role of the WTO, different types of international organizations, and challenges of managing across different legal, economic and cultural environments. Cultural frameworks for assessing differences like Hofstede's and GLOBE are also summarized. The chapter emphasizes developing a geocentric perspective to effectively manage global business.
A comparative study on different styles of managementAlexander Decker
This document provides an overview and comparison of traditional and Islamic management styles. It discusses the key characteristics and processes of Japanese, American, Chinese, and traditional management styles. The main differences highlighted between traditional and Islamic management styles are that Islamic management encompasses obedience to God and accountability in all actions and interactions, as opposed to being focused solely on objectives and performance. The document also provides literature reviewing prominent works on traditional and Islamic management approaches.
Comparative management styles of india and china mas trinityMahesh Sherkhane
The document compares the management styles and business environments of China and India. It notes that while both countries have high economic growth, their structures of government and business cultures differ in several ways. In China, businessmen rely heavily on personal relationships and hierarchy is emphasized, while in India decisions are more collaborative and the legal system is more familiar to Westerners. It concludes that if India improves infrastructure and other sectors, its economy may overtake China's in the future.
This document summarizes key chapters from the 10th edition of the textbook "Management" by Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter. The summarized chapter discusses managing in a global environment, including defining parochialism and contrasting ethnocentric, polycentric, and geocentric attitudes towards global business. It also describes major regional trade agreements like the EU and NAFTA, and the role of the WTO. The challenges of global management are outlined, such as adjusting leadership styles to address cultural differences.
Chapter 4 management (10 th edition) by robbins and coulterMd. Abul Ala
This document provides an overview of managing in a global environment. It discusses key topics such as adopting a global perspective and avoiding parochialism. It also outlines different types of international organizations like multinational corporations and describes challenges of managing globally like significant cultural differences. Regional trading agreements like the European Union and challenges of the global economic and legal environments that affect international managers are summarized.
The document discusses international human resource management (IHRM). It defines IHRM as managing organizational human resources at an international level to achieve objectives and competitive advantage globally. IHRM includes typical HR functions like recruitment, selection, training etc. at an international scale along with activities like global skills management and expatriate management. The objectives, needs and functions of IHRM are explained. Key activities involved in IHRM are discussed along with issues like managing international assignments and culture. Effective IHRM implementation requires determining international operations strategy and ensuring standardized or localized HR policies. Staffing policies in IHRM like ethnocentric, polycentric and geocentric approaches are also summarized.
Global managers face many challenges: understanding different legal, political, and economic environments; navigating cultural differences; and adopting various strategic approaches for doing business internationally. Effective global managers develop a geocentric attitude by gaining knowledge of global issues and balancing local and worldwide objectives. They must understand how regional trading blocs like the EU and NAFTA influence business, as well as adapt company offerings to local preferences when expanding operations abroad.
1. Political systems and legal/regulatory environments influence how countries conduct business. MNCs must understand different systems like China's communist government to work successfully with partners from other systems like EU countries.
2. Technological advancements benefit developing countries by improving quality of life, increasing productivity, and lowering costs. However, job losses can have negative effects, especially in developing nations.
3. Ethics, human rights, corporate social responsibility, and anti-corruption laws shape international business standards and practices. MNCs consider societal impacts and work with governments/NGOs to ensure ethical, sustainable business conduct globally.
The document discusses different political and economic philosophies like individualism, collectivism, and socialism. It also covers topics like international law, the impact of technology, ethics, corporate social responsibility, and how governments, companies, and non-profits are working together on issues like sustainability and corruption. Overall, the document examines the political, legal, economic, and social factors that shape international business practices and regulations.
The document summarizes key topics from chapters 2 and 3, including:
- Individualism and collectivism as competing philosophies that influence business environments.
- Different types of governments and how they approach business such as socialism, communism, and social democracies.
- International laws and regulations multinational companies must follow.
- Advances in technology presenting both opportunities and risks for business.
- Ethics and corporate social responsibility being increasingly important considerations for multinational operations.
The document summarizes key topics from chapters 2 and 3, including:
- Individualism and collectivism as competing philosophies that influence business environments.
- Different forms of government systems like socialism, and how they affect business.
- Technological advances that impact international business through improved communication and information access.
- Ethics and corporate social responsibility in international business, including issues like corruption and fair treatment of workers.
This document provides an overview of business opportunities and challenges in China. It discusses China's large population and economic transition, as well as restrictions on foreign investment. Key sectors highlighted for opportunities include clean technology, healthcare, and services for an aging population. The document also outlines challenges such as a lack of protection for intellectual property, rising costs, and a need to understand Chinese culture and business practices.
1. While economic growth has historically enabled societies to improve lives, national policy choices ultimately determine growth. China's success was due to government efforts to restructure and diversify their economy.
2. As China's manufacturing powerhouse faces rising costs, it must move up the value chain, improve quality, and focus on domestic consumption and developing its own brands.
3. China's environmental pollution has global impacts, and its continued development depends on balancing growth with legal, social and environmental sustainability.
This document discusses the political, legal, and technological environment faced by multinational companies. It covers different political ideologies like individualism, collectivism, and different forms of government. The legal section discusses principles of international law and different legal systems. The technological portion examines trends in areas like communications, biotechnology, and e-business. It also addresses ethics, social responsibility, human rights, and sustainability issues for multinational corporations operating globally.
This document discusses how different economic systems among countries can affect international business. It presents a spectrum from command economies to free market economies. Three specific countries - North Korea, China, and Hong Kong - are used as case studies to exemplify how the characteristics of these different systems impact business risks and operations. North Korea represents a command economy with high government control and barriers to foreign investment. China has transitioned to a more market-based system while still maintaining some state intervention. Hong Kong has a free market economy with low government interference. Case studies of companies operating in each location are provided to illustrate the practical challenges faced.
The document discusses the concept of "the China price" which refers to ultra-low prices of goods manufactured in China. It attributes China's ability to produce goods at such low costs to seven key drivers: 1) low-wage and disciplined workforce, 2) large population and reserve army of unemployed, 3) privatization and urbanization, 4) lack of unions and long work hours, 5) lax regulations, 6) industrial clustering, and 7) government-sanctioned piracy and counterfeiting. The China price has thrown millions out of work worldwide but also helped lift millions out of poverty in China.
Capitalism with Chinese Characteristics赵巍 Wei ZHAO
The document discusses perspectives on capitalism in China from sociological theorists. It analyzes China's economic transition and development through a sociological lens, examining the role of the state, market, and society. Some key points made include:
- China has developed a "socialist market economy" with the Communist party playing a major role in mobilizing resources and directing economic growth. This has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty.
- Sociological theorists like Weber, Parsons, Habermas, and Polanyi provide frameworks for understanding the relationship between the economic, political, and social spheres in China's system.
- The state acts as a collective entrepreneur, investing and accumulating capital to drive development while
The document discusses the political, economic, legal, and technological environments faced by global managers. It describes how international business has grown due to factors like improved transportation and communication technologies, lowered trade barriers, and increased global competition. Key political risks include expropriation and nationalization while economic risks relate to currency devaluations and policy changes. Legal systems differ globally and laws impact business activities and cross-border transactions. Technological changes like the internet are both driving and being driven by globalization. Global managers must understand these environmental factors in countries where they operate.
Globalization refers to the increasing integration and interdependence of national economies through cross-border movement of goods, services, technology and capital. It involves both economic and social effects as barriers to international trade and cultural exchanges are reduced. Key aspects of globalization include the expansion of international trade, growth of multinational corporations, increased capital flows between countries, and the spread of technology and culture to new parts of the world. While globalization opens new markets and opportunities for businesses, it can also face objections related to issues like outsourcing and loss of domestic jobs. Overall, globalization affects both businesses and societies in complex ways.
The document discusses several myths about doing business in China and provides realities and examples to counter each myth. [1] China has a huge market but consumption models differ and certain market segments may not exist, so understanding local culture and adapting strategies is key. [2] Regulations are not as restrictive as thought, and hybrid business models that collaborate with local partners are common. [3] Successful strategies blend proven foreign practices with local customs. [4] While China has many people, its education system does not necessarily cultivate skilled workers without training, and [5] both short-term and long-term strategies can succeed with patience. Understanding differences is important to defining markets and opportunities in China.
IB Environment PPT of International BusinessDrBabarAliKhan
This document discusses the international business environment. It covers several key topics:
- International management involves operating business across multiple countries with the same basic management functions applied on a larger scale and greater risks.
- Culture and societal values vary significantly between countries due to factors like customs, laws, and beliefs. This impacts how people behave and interact.
- National economies differ in their structure and development level, which influences business conditions. Market, command, and mixed models exist.
- Legal and political systems like common law, civil law, and Islamic law impact business regulations and dispute resolution between countries.
- Rapid technological advances are disrupting entire industries and the workplace on a global scale. E-business now facilitates
The document discusses censorship in China and the complex issues technology companies face when operating in the Chinese market. It presents perspectives from global business and business ethics on whether companies should comply with censorship rules to gain access to the large Chinese consumer base or refuse on moral grounds. There are benefits and drawbacks to both approaches that must be weighed considering stakeholders, human rights, and corporate values. The situation raises difficult questions about balancing business and ethics in different cultural contexts.
The document discusses various political factors that impact international business, including political systems, ideologies, and government approaches. It notes that firms looking to operate abroad must understand and adapt to different political environments rather than assuming direct transfer of their domestic practices. Specifically, it examines concepts like individualism vs. collectivism, democratic vs. totalitarian systems, and provides examples of political situations in countries like China, the UK, and Afghanistan that international businesses must consider.
This document provides an introduction to a class on the global technology revolution. It discusses how technology is transforming organizations and changing business, economics, and society. The class will examine how technology is impacting different areas of life and propose a framework for understanding these transformations based on Karl Marx's concepts of the base and superstructure. Examples of how technology has historically contributed to the development of democracy and how current technologies like YouTube and the internet are changing politics are provided. Topics to be covered in the class and some proposed "rules" describing how life and work may be revolutionized by technology are also outlined.
The document provides an overview of the U.S. business system. It discusses the concept of business and profit, different economic systems, factors of production, and the economics of the U.S. market system including demand, supply, and competition. It also summarizes the history of business in the U.S. from the industrial revolution to the current internet era.
The document provides an overview of the US business system. It discusses that the US has a market economy based on capitalism where demand and supply determine prices. Businesses are privately owned and operate for profit. Competition varies across industries from perfect to monopolistic. The evolution of business in the US progressed from factories to large corporations to a focus on marketing and globally integrated operations.
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2. Yahoo China has suffered
many management missteps
which has brought the
company to a downward spiral
in China.
FLAWS:
~President XieWen stepped down “for
personal reasons” after 42 days on the job.
~ A dissident was recently arrested, he had
a China Yahoo account. US politicians
were up in arms over this.
~Major errors in programming. Spyware
Zaps it from your downloads.
3. Chapter 2
The Political, Legal and Technical
Environment
“Effective management occurs when philosophies are
recognized.”
What does this mean?
How can it be applied to International Management?
4. Individualism – Political philosophy that people should be free to
pursue economic and political endeavors without constraint.
Capitalism and Free-market economies
Believe individualism increase competition, innovation, and innovation
Example – Margaret Thatcher
She privatized much of the UK, more than had been ever been before
Collectivism – Political Philosophy that the goal of society as a
whole is more important than individual desires.
Instead of competing, people become more unified
Originated in Germany and Italy with national socialism or fascism.
Socialism – A moderate form of collectivism in which there is
government ownership of institutions, and profit is not the ultimate
goal.
Two extremes: Communism and Social Democracy
5. Extremes of Socialism
Communism – in China, Russia and much of Europe during 1970’s
China is still communist in social rules but NOT in business rules
Russia is in transition, but it’s CORRUPT
In Russia, businesses require bribes before a deal can be made.
Is this ethical? It’s just Russia’s normal way of doing things.
Would you open a business in Russia of required to bribe?
Would you support a business in Russia if you knew it required
bribes to operate profitably?
How does this corruption change the way MNCs will look to
Russia as a potential candidate?
Social Democracy – non-violent socialist movement
This system has not been well received anywhere
Since it offers less privatization, the government has to increase taxes and
raise prices.
6. Democracy – A political system in which the government is
controlled by the citizens either directly or through elections.
America was built on a democracy, but do you think it’s the best form
of government?
What are it’s advantages? Does it have any disadvantages?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=woBC5b3Ti0M
Totalitarianism – A political system in which there is only one
representative party which exhibits control over every facet of
political and human life.
Any opposition leads to imprisonment or worse.
7. Examples of
Totalitarianism:
Nazi Germany
Fascist Italy Soviet Union
8. China Celebrates 60 Years of Communist Rule
“Today, a socialist China geared to modernization, the world and the
future has stood rock-firm in the east of the world,” Mr. Hu said in a
brief speech speckled with boilerplate references to Chinese-style
socialism. The Chinese people, he said, “cannot be prouder of the
development and progress of our great motherland.”
9. In what ways do different ideologies and political
systems influence the environment in which MNCs
operate?
Would these challenges be greater for Russia and
China over those operating in the EU?
Why or Why not?
10. International Regulatory Practices
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act – an act that makes it illegal to
influence foreign officials through personal payment or political
contributions; made into U.S. law in 1977 because of concerns
over bribes in international business areas.
Critics were afraid FCPA regulations would decrease business and
cause bad relations between the countries
BUT…
MNCs operated successfully under FCPA laws
AND foreign governments applauded FCPA investigations (helped reduce all
corruption in their countries)
One example of international regulations includes:
The Principle of Sovereign Immunity – an international principle of law
which holds that governments have the right to rule themselves as
they see fit.
Amanda Knox
11. Successes in Privatization: Privatization Yields enduring
Banks benefits & is good for the country as
Cities a whole.
Fire-Fighting
Historic Landmarks •More than 8,500 state-owned
Judiciary enterprises in over 80 countries have
Land been privatized in the past 12 years
Libraries
National Defense •41 firms privatized by public offerings in
Parking Meters 15 countries. among them
Parks •--increased returns on…
Police sales, assets, and equity, raised internal
Postal Services efficiency, improved their capital
Radio Spectrum structure, and increased capital
Railroads expenditures.
Rivers and Oceans (Fish and
Whales) • The Chilean telephone company
Roads doubled its capacity in the four years
Social Security after sale. The privatized telephone
Telecommunications company in Mexico reduced its per-unit
Wilderness and Wildlife labor costs sharply.
Zoos
12. The United States Goes to the Mat (pg.47)
The United States accumulated a $233 billion deficit with China.
This is due to an extremely undervalued Yuan, and government subsidies and
regulations that favor Chinese Multinational Corporations.
US Tactics:
•Threats to impose tariffs on Chinese imports.
•In 2006 the US partnered with the European Union to file a complaint on China
unfairly blocking foreign-made auto parts and U.S. imports.
•Case against Chenming Paper Holdings and Gold East Paper of China over
glossy paper exports. NewPage claimed the Government subsidies not only
boosted exports but also made the goods inexpensive. China’s “non-market”
economy gave them loop holes.
13. China’s Response:
•China will rewrite their tax Code and eventually eliminate tax breaks to
Chinese businesses.
•Draft a plan to buy 12.5 billion of U.S. goods, from mechanical to
agricultural.
Worst Scenario could result in china abandoning the U.S. market…
However,
In 2007 The U.S. and China reached agreement to cooperate more closely in
areas of financial services, aviation, energy and environment.
The United States recognizes that China is an economic powerhouse and that
an excess of tariffs could result in a trade war. The U.S. government believes
full success in this area will require it to “Go to the mat” with China.
14. Technology
Advantages and Disadvantages of technology in global
business?
How it’s affecting international management:
Biotechnology is revolutionizing agriculture, medicine, and
industry
Nanomachines will eventually be able to remake the whole
physical universe.
Satellites connect even the most remote parts of the world…
can collect data, receive images
Automatically translating phones, allowing people to
communicate in their own language (but tone of voice cannot be
understood, which can be important)
Artificial intelligence that can think on its own like a human
15. Biotechnology – The integration of science and technology to
create agriculture or medical products through industrial use and
manipulation of living organisms.
Is this Ethical?
Consider: Laser eye surgery vs. Animal cloning
DID YOU KNOW: The US is the only country that allows cloned animal
products to be incorporated into the food supply.
16. Articles on Biotechnology
Genetically modified organism:
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an organism whose genetic
material has been altered using techniques in genetics generally known as
recombinant DNA technology.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WrBH5I
WwmGM
New cancer vaccines:
University of Georgia researchers created a vaccine that dramatically reduces the
size of 90% of tumors caused by breast cancer.
“Biotechnology is a key industry in Georgia, and this year Boons founded Athens-
based company Viamune to help develop and commercialize the vaccine and the
technologies used to create it.”
“Companies like these have the potential to create stable, high-paying jobs that
have a significant social and economic impact,”
17. E-Business – Businesses that run totally online.
Mostly good for B-2-B (Business to Business), not to customers
Do you think E-Business will be profitable?
How will it affect the globalization process if companies are only online?
E-Cash – country-less, boarder-less, paperless money that can easily
be transferred online.
How would this work (where does the money come from)?
Do we have a dual system?
Would it be profitable?
Who would run it in the system?
18. Telecommunication – phones are going everywhere.
Easy to use and easy to set up
Phones connect everyone in the world, even in the most remote
places.
What does this mean for international business?
Technology, Outsourcing, and Offshoring
Technology decreases the amount of jobs available for people
Do you think Technology benefits or hinders the job market?
With outsourcing, we lose jobs in the homeland
With technology, we lose jobs to computers and machines
Will machines be as smart and productive as people?
Example: automated responders over the phone
How will advances in technology and telecommunications affect
developing countries?
19. Beyond the Green Corporation
•Embracing sustainability can avert costly setbacks
from environmental disasters, political protests, and
human rights or workplace abuses.
•Wal-Mart has made a series of high profile promises
to slash energy use overall, from its stores to its
trucking fleets, and purchasing more renewable
sources.
•Innovest studies 120 different factors, such as energy
use, health and safety records, litigation, employee
practices, regulatory history ect…
The purpose of this article is to show how current day
corporations have much more to consider when selling a product.
Taking care of the environment, people, and energy is a large
important task.
20. Going Green to Get the Green
Toyota – Prius
hybrid
Makes phones for handicapped
and low-income consumers.
They are phasing out toxic
materials.
Takes hardware back
and recycles it for free
21. Ch. 3 Ethics and Social
Responsibility
Ethics- study of morality and codes of conduct
Varies from country to country
“When in Rome, do as the Romans do”
Dilemmas arise from conflicts between ethical standards
Ethical Business Practices
Chinese counterfeiting
no clear laws against it
Japanese banks
bankruptcy
What lessons can U.S. multinationals learn from the political
and bribery scandals in Japan that can be of value to them in
doing business in this country?
22. Human Rights
No universally adopted standard of
acceptable behavior
Human Rights Issues
Japanese sexual harassment
problems with equal employment
opportunities
only offered lower level jobs
don’t understand moral issues
23. Human Rights
Women’s rights
“glass ceiling”
How do ethical practices differ in the U.S. and in
European countries such as France and Germany?
What implications does this have for U.S. multinationals
operating in Europe?
24. Who is abusing Human Rights??
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtzYe1
S9AAc
25. Corruption
OECD – Organization for Cooperation and
Development
Treaty that outlaws foreign bribery among 29 nations
Although the treaty has narrow provisions, it did create a
more ethical and level playing field in global business.
26. Corporate Social Responsibility and
Sustainability
Corporate Social Responsibility- actions of a firm to benefit
society beyond the requirements of the law and the direct
interests of the firm
increasing pressure
NGOs- private, not-for-profit organizations that serve
society’s interests
Sustainability- development that meets humanity’s needs
without harming future generations
27. “We believe our first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses
and patients, to mothers and fathers and all others who use
our products and services. In meeting their needs everything
we do must be of high quality.”
http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=GZRfPAvNClI
28. NGOs, MNCs, and Ethical
Balance
Dramatically altered business environment globally
NGOs have grown in number, power, and influence
MNCs may have positive impacts in countries they do
business
MNC and NGO collaboration
social and environmental projects
29. Response to Social
Obligations
MNCs maintain social and environmental standards in
workplaces and communities
Individual companies incorporate social responsibility
and ethics with help of NGOs
Companies actively responding to pressures
30. Corporate Governance
Corporate governance- system by which business
corporations are directed and controlled
specifies delegation of rights within the corporation
provides structure
related to governance rules and regulations which differ
between countries
31. International Assistance
Increasing global assistance
Focus on countries that have not benefited from
globalization and economic integration
Cost benefit analysis
Global agenda goals
Reducing poverty, hunger, illiteracy, etc.
32. Sovereignty and Sovereign Immunity:
The principle of Sovereignty holds that
governments have the right to rule
themselves as they see fit.
Amanda Knox
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEXzvaF
nTA4
33. Colgate’s Distasteful Toothpaste
In 1985 Colgate bought 50% of
Hawley and Hazel group who
produced “Darkie” Toothpaste.
It had been sold in
Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore
Malaysia, China and Thailand.
US civil rights groups were up
in arms about the name
claiming the toothpaste to be
racist. Congress got involved
and urged Colgate to change
the name. Colgate placed a
plan to change the logo within 3
years. Now the Colgate name
cannot be found on what is
today known as Darlie
Toothpaste.
34. Colgate Questions
1. Identify the major strategic and ethical issues faced
by Colgate in its partnership with Hawley and Hazel.
2. What do you think Colgate should have done to
handle the situation?
3. Is it possible for Colgate and Hawley and Hazel to
change the toothpaste’s advertising without
sacrificing consumer brand loyalty? Is that a
possible reason for Colgate’s not responding
quickly to domestic complaints?
4. In the end, was a “no management rights” clause
good for Colgate? What could have happened
during the negotiations process to get around this
problem?