The document discusses how media coverage influences public perception of the criminal justice system. It argues that media often focuses more on negative and sensationalized stories, which can create fear among the public and impact policy. Exposure to violence in media like movies and video games can desensitize people and potentially influence criminal behavior as some try to emulate what they see. The level of trust in the criminal justice system depends on factors like gender, race, income and personal experiences with police. Diverse police forces and community outreach programs can help alleviate public fear and gain trust.
Jones 1Jones 7Kyle JonesMatthew ZimmermanEnglish 10222 N.docxpriestmanmable
Jones 1
Jones 7
Kyle Jones
Matthew Zimmerman
English 102
22 November 2014[Title]: [Subtitle]
In 2014, we live in a world with a media saturated culture. This is the era of digital news services, of 24-hour news channels, free newspapers, and even media based applications. For the majority of us, the way in which we learn about the world outside our personal perception is through the consumption of news, mainly still through broadcast or print (OFCOM 2007). Various forms of media has fed the public statistics that created a sense of stereotyping for each particular race. For example, the media and those on film, such as politics and leaders of the government, link together race and crime, which conveys a criminal image of the public’s consumption (St. John & Heald-Moore, 1995). Since race and crime are tied together, when one thinks of a crime, hears about a crime, or when crime is being reported, race is usually associated with it. In the American society, a frequent representation of crime is that it is majorly committed by African- Americans. The view of African Americans has been distorted and twisted by the media. Without question, almost everything that is being covered by the media is believed by most of society and it becomes their actual perceptual reality. Broadcast media and other various forms of media has a history for portraying African Americans in a biased manner, as if they were mostly reported involved in crime, drugs, or acts of violence. This has led to many cases of stereotyping, racial profiling, police brutality, prejudice, inhumane acts and has brain washed most of our society into believing that almost every African American is mischievous or a threat to their well-being. African Americans are unjustly, as well as unrealistically depicted on broadcast news and various other types of mass media. These negative connotations affects more than just African- Americans but also every other culture that exists in America.
African Americans have been associated with crime for quite some time. It was not until some in the 1970’s and early 1980s that the popular stereotype of the young black man evolved in the eyes of many from a petty thief or rapist into the notorious , malicious criminal predators, or what Kathery Russel ( 2002) has argued, is the world recognized “ criminalblackman”. Within the last few decades there have been controversial law enforcement practices of racial profiling. Law enforcement officials pursue minorities in an attempt to increase the likely hood of catching illegal activity or the predetermined act of illegal activity, which is part of a consequence from the racial profiling that the media has inflicted upon society. The questionable practices has led to negative effects on blacks. To the African American culture law officials are deemed more criminal or more of a threat than what the media and statistics has condemned blacks to be. The after math, after the many years of harassment, African ...
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Speaking out against prejudice and discriminationBy Dave Finkeln.docxwhitneyleman54422
Speaking out against prejudice and discrimination
By Dave Finkelnburg
Expressions of support for Muslim students and Muslim community members here speak well for Pocatello. The outpouring of concern for local Muslims has been both heartfelt and sincere.
It appears, though, that many international students will not be back here next fall. That’s not just because two Middle Eastern countries announced they will no longer provide scholarship support for students from their nations attending Idaho State University. Muslims, and even individuals who appear to be Middle Eastern, have reason to fear for the welfare of themselves and their families here. The fact that Pocatello is not the anti-Muslim community media reports have claimed will not readily change that.
“What can we do to help?” has been the most common question I have heard in response to news last week that the stabbing of a Middle Eastern student at ISU may have been a hate crime. That incident was just the latest in a string of anti-Muslim acts in Pocatello recently.
Tout Middle Article Injection Point
I am distressed that such intolerance can rear its ugly head in this community I’ve called home most of my life. Here are some thoughts about what’s happening and, more important, what can be done about it.
We are a community governed by laws. Those laws take effect after some wrong has occurred. A criminal prosecution, though it may punish the perpetrator, does not repair the damage of the crime.
Even if someone is ever charged for stabbing an ISU student while calling him a “terrorist,” that charge will not heal the knife wounds. Nor will it restore the sleep lost by parents worrying about the safety of their children or even make others feel secure in their homes and daily lives.
While laws are necessary and useful, they cannot and do not, by themselves, solve the problems of prejudice and intolerance. Only people who are willing to speak out and act against discrimination and hate can have that effect.
There will, of course, be those who continue to promote intolerance. An estimated 15 to 20 percent of our friends and neighbors live in an echo chamber of discrimination. They get so much feedback from sources of intolerance that they actually believe their views are widely held. Only by speaking out is it possible to show them they are wrong.
Here’s one such example. “Dear Neighbors,” read a hand-written card delivered on Saturday to the home of foreign students near ISU. “We want you to know that we are HAPPY to have you living in our neighborhood. There are a few hateful people doing scary things in Pocatello right now, but most of us are pleased that you are here. We appreciate the diversity you bring to our small town and university and feel terrible about recent events.” The card, which originated with a middle-aged couple, was also signed, with personal notes, by others.
If you want to know what you can do, do as these fine folks have done. Speak up. Offer a kind word or ge.
Jones 1Jones 7Kyle JonesMatthew ZimmermanEnglish 10222 N.docxpriestmanmable
Jones 1
Jones 7
Kyle Jones
Matthew Zimmerman
English 102
22 November 2014[Title]: [Subtitle]
In 2014, we live in a world with a media saturated culture. This is the era of digital news services, of 24-hour news channels, free newspapers, and even media based applications. For the majority of us, the way in which we learn about the world outside our personal perception is through the consumption of news, mainly still through broadcast or print (OFCOM 2007). Various forms of media has fed the public statistics that created a sense of stereotyping for each particular race. For example, the media and those on film, such as politics and leaders of the government, link together race and crime, which conveys a criminal image of the public’s consumption (St. John & Heald-Moore, 1995). Since race and crime are tied together, when one thinks of a crime, hears about a crime, or when crime is being reported, race is usually associated with it. In the American society, a frequent representation of crime is that it is majorly committed by African- Americans. The view of African Americans has been distorted and twisted by the media. Without question, almost everything that is being covered by the media is believed by most of society and it becomes their actual perceptual reality. Broadcast media and other various forms of media has a history for portraying African Americans in a biased manner, as if they were mostly reported involved in crime, drugs, or acts of violence. This has led to many cases of stereotyping, racial profiling, police brutality, prejudice, inhumane acts and has brain washed most of our society into believing that almost every African American is mischievous or a threat to their well-being. African Americans are unjustly, as well as unrealistically depicted on broadcast news and various other types of mass media. These negative connotations affects more than just African- Americans but also every other culture that exists in America.
African Americans have been associated with crime for quite some time. It was not until some in the 1970’s and early 1980s that the popular stereotype of the young black man evolved in the eyes of many from a petty thief or rapist into the notorious , malicious criminal predators, or what Kathery Russel ( 2002) has argued, is the world recognized “ criminalblackman”. Within the last few decades there have been controversial law enforcement practices of racial profiling. Law enforcement officials pursue minorities in an attempt to increase the likely hood of catching illegal activity or the predetermined act of illegal activity, which is part of a consequence from the racial profiling that the media has inflicted upon society. The questionable practices has led to negative effects on blacks. To the African American culture law officials are deemed more criminal or more of a threat than what the media and statistics has condemned blacks to be. The after math, after the many years of harassment, African ...
Violence In Media
Violence In The Media
The Impact of Media Violence Essays
Violence In The Media Essay
Media Violence Persuasive
Violence in the Media Essay
Media Violence Essay
VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA Essay
Essay about Violence in the Media
Essay on Violence in the Media
Violence in the Media Essay
Media & Violence Essay
Speaking out against prejudice and discriminationBy Dave Finkeln.docxwhitneyleman54422
Speaking out against prejudice and discrimination
By Dave Finkelnburg
Expressions of support for Muslim students and Muslim community members here speak well for Pocatello. The outpouring of concern for local Muslims has been both heartfelt and sincere.
It appears, though, that many international students will not be back here next fall. That’s not just because two Middle Eastern countries announced they will no longer provide scholarship support for students from their nations attending Idaho State University. Muslims, and even individuals who appear to be Middle Eastern, have reason to fear for the welfare of themselves and their families here. The fact that Pocatello is not the anti-Muslim community media reports have claimed will not readily change that.
“What can we do to help?” has been the most common question I have heard in response to news last week that the stabbing of a Middle Eastern student at ISU may have been a hate crime. That incident was just the latest in a string of anti-Muslim acts in Pocatello recently.
Tout Middle Article Injection Point
I am distressed that such intolerance can rear its ugly head in this community I’ve called home most of my life. Here are some thoughts about what’s happening and, more important, what can be done about it.
We are a community governed by laws. Those laws take effect after some wrong has occurred. A criminal prosecution, though it may punish the perpetrator, does not repair the damage of the crime.
Even if someone is ever charged for stabbing an ISU student while calling him a “terrorist,” that charge will not heal the knife wounds. Nor will it restore the sleep lost by parents worrying about the safety of their children or even make others feel secure in their homes and daily lives.
While laws are necessary and useful, they cannot and do not, by themselves, solve the problems of prejudice and intolerance. Only people who are willing to speak out and act against discrimination and hate can have that effect.
There will, of course, be those who continue to promote intolerance. An estimated 15 to 20 percent of our friends and neighbors live in an echo chamber of discrimination. They get so much feedback from sources of intolerance that they actually believe their views are widely held. Only by speaking out is it possible to show them they are wrong.
Here’s one such example. “Dear Neighbors,” read a hand-written card delivered on Saturday to the home of foreign students near ISU. “We want you to know that we are HAPPY to have you living in our neighborhood. There are a few hateful people doing scary things in Pocatello right now, but most of us are pleased that you are here. We appreciate the diversity you bring to our small town and university and feel terrible about recent events.” The card, which originated with a middle-aged couple, was also signed, with personal notes, by others.
If you want to know what you can do, do as these fine folks have done. Speak up. Offer a kind word or ge.
Crime Waves, Fears, and Social RealityThe American criminal just.docxwillcoxjanay
Crime Waves, Fears, and Social Reality
The American criminal justice system is a mirror that shows a distorted image of the dangers that threaten us—an image created more by the shape of the mirror than by the reality reflected.
—Jeffrey Reiman and Paul Leighton
For decades, polls have found that people in the United States are wor- ried about crime. A Gallup poll found that people worried their credit card information would be stolen by hackers (69%), their homes would be bur- glarized when they were not there (45%), their car would be stolen (42%), their child would be physically harmed while attending school (31%), they would be mugged on the streets (31%), their home would be burglarized when they were there (30%), they would be victims of terrorism (28%), they would be attacked while driving their car (20%), they would be murdered (18%), they would be the victim of a hate crime (18%), they would be sexu- ally assaulted (18%), or they would be assaulted/killed at work (7%) (Riffkin, 2014). The learning process for these fears is complex, but one contributing factor is the dissemination of crime statistics by the media and the govern- ment. (Recall our discussion of the crime clock in the first chapter.) How reli- able and valid are these statistics? Does the public’s perception of crime reflect the reality of crime?
The number of people who fear crime is substantial. Perceptions about individuals who engage in criminal behavior are even more revealing. Jef- frey Reiman and Paul Leighton (2017) describe the stereotyped image:
Think of a crime, any crime. . . . What do you see? The odds are you are not imagining an oil company executive sitting at his desk, calculating the costs of proper safety precautions and deciding not to invest in them. Prob
ably what you see with your mind’s eye is one person attacking another physically or robbing something from another via the threat of physical attack. Look more closely. What does the attacker look like? It’s a safe bet he (and it is a he, of course) is not wearing a suit and tie. In fact, you—like us, like almost anyone else in America—picture a young, tough, lower- class male when the thought of crime first pops into your head. (p. 74)
The “Typical Criminal” in the minds of most people who fear being vic- tims of crime is poor, young, urban, and black—“threatening the lives, limbs, and possessions of the law-abiding members of society, necessitating recourse to the ultimate weapons of force and detention in our common defense” (pp. 67–68).
The presidential campaign for George H. Bush in 1988 capitalized on this stereotypical image with its infamous “Willie Horton” commercials. The governor of Massachusetts, Michael Dukakis, was Bush’s opponent; his state had a highly successful prison furlough program. The Bush campaign seized on a single case where a participant in the program (Horton) committed a violent crime while on furlough. Willie Horton was an African American male whose predations were .
Crime Waves, Fears, and Social RealityThe American criminal just.docxfaithxdunce63732
Crime Waves, Fears, and Social Reality
The American criminal justice system is a mirror that shows a distorted image of the dangers that threaten us—an image created more by the shape of the mirror than by the reality reflected.
—Jeffrey Reiman and Paul Leighton
For decades, polls have found that people in the United States are wor- ried about crime. A Gallup poll found that people worried their credit card information would be stolen by hackers (69%), their homes would be bur- glarized when they were not there (45%), their car would be stolen (42%), their child would be physically harmed while attending school (31%), they would be mugged on the streets (31%), their home would be burglarized when they were there (30%), they would be victims of terrorism (28%), they would be attacked while driving their car (20%), they would be murdered (18%), they would be the victim of a hate crime (18%), they would be sexu- ally assaulted (18%), or they would be assaulted/killed at work (7%) (Riffkin, 2014). The learning process for these fears is complex, but one contributing factor is the dissemination of crime statistics by the media and the govern- ment. (Recall our discussion of the crime clock in the first chapter.) How reli- able and valid are these statistics? Does the public’s perception of crime reflect the reality of crime?
The number of people who fear crime is substantial. Perceptions about individuals who engage in criminal behavior are even more revealing. Jef- frey Reiman and Paul Leighton (2017) describe the stereotyped image:
Think of a crime, any crime. . . . What do you see? The odds are you are not imagining an oil company executive sitting at his desk, calculating the costs of proper safety precautions and deciding not to invest in them. Prob
ably what you see with your mind’s eye is one person attacking another physically or robbing something from another via the threat of physical attack. Look more closely. What does the attacker look like? It’s a safe bet he (and it is a he, of course) is not wearing a suit and tie. In fact, you—like us, like almost anyone else in America—picture a young, tough, lower- class male when the thought of crime first pops into your head. (p. 74)
The “Typical Criminal” in the minds of most people who fear being vic- tims of crime is poor, young, urban, and black—“threatening the lives, limbs, and possessions of the law-abiding members of society, necessitating recourse to the ultimate weapons of force and detention in our common defense” (pp. 67–68).
The presidential campaign for George H. Bush in 1988 capitalized on this stereotypical image with its infamous “Willie Horton” commercials. The governor of Massachusetts, Michael Dukakis, was Bush’s opponent; his state had a highly successful prison furlough program. The Bush campaign seized on a single case where a participant in the program (Horton) committed a violent crime while on furlough. Willie Horton was an African American male whose predations were .
Capitalism in the Media Capitalism in the MediaL.docxwendolynhalbert
Capitalism in the Media
Capitalism in the Media
LaTesha Hubbard
English 215
Research & Writing
Professor : Amanda Mc Clure
November 14, 2014
This paper will be about media capitalism in US and the role it plays on what we the people view and discuss about our country. I have never seen so many different events play out in the media and depending on what channel you’re watching your own views might change. I can no longer watch Fox news due to the lack of trust on the reporting and also the disrespect that has been shown our current President of the United States Barack Obama. Throughout the paper I will be able to touch on various details that the media has altered due to the effect of capitalism. The reason why I chose this topic is because this is becoming the dominate source of information for the world to view and it is one of the key areas that act as a backbone of the country. Most people depend on the media to be updated with current event and what is happening everyday life through the country. Therefore when they are given out the wrong information, its effecting society which might include: unwanted fights, misunderstandings and other problems stemming from the media.
The hot topic of the media’s influence starts discussions in all different areas of public and private life. This issue grows over time in importance with new rating systems for TV, videogames, and music, questions surrounding Sandy Hook and other school shootings, and there wasn’t much of a surprise for public opinion regarding the war on Iraq. In dealing with news media, we know from pass experience that viewers are already hesitant of the information that they are receiving. Mostmembersofsocietyandculturesee these problems as not what they are going through so the remove reality from themselves and challenges for them to meet. There is always the possibility that these problems, that threaten to reverse everything that culture has accomplished, are needed for the culture itself. One of most dominant problems faced is who is responsible for what is being reported through media outlets. We are moving towards a society ruled by social media outlets and then there are other sources like TMZ that used not so honest ways of getting the scoop. I watched a man be sentence to several punishments for the same crime. Ray Rice had a shocking elevator video where he and his at that time fiancée have a fight where it is clear he punched her. Now this leaked months after it happened and he was already suspended. Now let me be clear I am not a fan of domestic violence. I just wanted to explore a well-publicized example of the misuse of the media. This man lost his job for something that happened off the field and his girlfriend went on to become his wife. If she was willing to forgive him then it was not the NFL place to suspend and block him from playing again.
Another problem that developed itself in the way the Consumer values the information ...
What the mainstream is not telling you about trayvon martin and george zimmermanWorld Truth
The events that lead to George Zimmerman firing on Trayvon Martin made for a tragic end. A young life was lost and another ruined. The state was unable to prove to a jury of peers, beyond a reasonable doubt, that Zimmerman acted with malicious intent.
Most people, depending on which media outlet they receive their information from, think that Zimmerman is a either a hero or a villain. Deciding whether or not George Zimmerman is a villain or if Trayvon was an upstanding teen or a thug, is not the task of the media even though they all too often assume this role of judge, jury, and executioner.
Similar to Media and the Criminal Justice SystemIP2 GibsonDfinal (10)
Media and the Criminal Justice SystemIP2 GibsonDfinal
1. Running head: MEDIA AND JUSTICE 1
Media and the Criminal Justice System
Dawn M. Gibson (Ugitsisgv)
IP#2- Dr. Bonner
Colorado Technical University
2. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 2
Abstract
Media coverage influences the public's perception of the criminal justice system and the policy
agendas of those within the system. This often results in changes within the operational structure
of the police, courts, and corrections centers. These changes include the firing of employees, the
initiation of internal investigations, and the privatization of services. Media can be a related fact
for why people commit crimes, or even encourage violence. Perhaps media should be held
accountable for their actions and showing violent portrayals that may have an affect such as copy
cats do. They may want to experience the events, or it may cause them to numb to violence. The
media should be held accountable for false information, or misinformed reporting as it could
cause issues to some cases or even violent reaction depending on what is being put in the media.
One example would be songs song about killing cops, bombing, killing, and so on. Games with
rewards for each time something is killed. Movies, that portrays the bad guys, as someone to
admire. They may be handsome, smart mouth, smooth, and seem to enjoy the criminal life.
Children who watch these types of media may not be able to tell the difference or become numb
to reality. Media can be beneficial as well when there is someone they want to find, or identify as
suspects in a case.
3. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 3
Media and the Criminal Justice System
Criminal justice systemportrayed in the media
This would depend on the view point of the media doing the report. There are those who
show only the bad area of the justice system. Videos which cut out certain segments, which
portray police as being brutal, when in facts the actions of the criminals was not also shown. On
the other hand- one hand may wash another and certain situations may be covered up, by
handouts. The media is more vast than ever before social medias, newspapers, phones, videos,
and so on. In the past, information had to be accurate, now these days they do not make certain
and rush to be the first report, which often reports inaccurate information.
Impact that the media has on a viewer's perception of the criminal justice system
This again depends on the one reporting, however, people research in more depth these days.
The media seems to dwell on the negative more than the positive. Social media has been very
harsh on the criminal system movies, videos of supposedly officers causing harm to civilians.
The movies often lack the whole picture, and people began to reply nastily against officers and
the law. Social media can become a headache as the media will report issues, put on videos of
incidents much sooner than relatives may be contacted. It is a price we pay for improving
technology; on the other hand it has also caught some illegal activities. The smarter citizen will
hopefully research for themselves to find the whole truth and not bits and pieces. Crime in the
4. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 4
news reports that 1990-1999, major networks reported more coverage on crime than any other
topic. Media made the crime world seem like the most important topic. Even though homicides
dropped, news coverage doubled on homicides they could find (Becket& Sasson, 2005).
Coverage of sensationalistic and violent crime does it create fear among the general public
These days the media reports on the negative situations more than seeking a positive.
ISIS is in the news these days. The media reports on the evil and dangerous situations that occur,
making the population fear, and hate Muslims, just as they did in 9/11. The real facts are that
these are not traditional Muslims, but radical. The question is why are they doing what they do?
How do they know where to attack? The media has falsely reported information that will create a
panic attack within society. Reports of Muslims coming in and belonging to ISIS has created a
hatred for all Muslims. This is unrealistic and sad that people cannot think for themselves. How
do you deny people fleeing from their homes in terror a chance to have some peace? This is after
all what supposedly America was built on. Media in the past has turned our country against those
who serve and protect her, one example of this is Vietnam, when reports did not have control
over whatever they decided to report on and often made our military men out to be criminals.
They fought in hell and came home to another nightmarish hell (Bortner, 1984).
According to Browns (1996) article, it suggests that violence in the media (TV, Movies,
games, etc.) can have a direct effect on society and violence. Exposure to violent media can have
a relationship to how the public reacts or carries out certain crimes. “They want to experience
what they saw” effect. Often videos and games can cause some not to be able to separate reality
and fantasy. They become addicted or involved within a “fake world” (Brown, 1996).
5. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 5
People who watch violence may become more irritable, angry, lack emotions as they
become addicted to a fantasy world; they have become a part of. These can be movies, and
games that portray law as the bad guy, violence that many may want to try, and the inability to
understand that real life does not tolerate such behavior.
Television and news reporting shows more than is needed, which desensitizes many
people. After seeing end results they may feel it is no big deal. Small children especially, you
cannot unseen, once you have seen. Some may interpret it as a cat and mouse game, or feel they
could do better, or be like Bonnie and Clyde. They may want notary that comes with their crime,
after all, no one bodies can be somebody for a lifetime. After committing a crime they will be in
the news, forever, because media will cover their story for years o come bring it up. After the
movie, 50 shades of gray, people knew more about exotic sex than before, and some would have
to try. Reports of accidental death due to rough sex became news. Pornography, people have to
try it or get their partners to try, they believe it is the norm, because media showed it. Gerber,
1994, states 85 percent of responders in a public poll stated there was too much violence on
television (Brown, 1996, para 18).
Murphy 1996, using the Morgan poll, in Australia, stated 85 percent stated the media
concentrated too much on sensenilist reporting of sex and violence. 8- percent thought the media
did not care about people privacy or feelings. 42 percent thought television should be censored
(Brown, 1996, para 19).
Fear and criminal justice policy attitudes
6. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 6
A 25 year Canadian study shows that woman more than men are likely to report they are
afraid of crime. (41% females- 12% males) It varies with each location. One in three Canadians
fear crime, yet the Canadian government do not spend much time on this topic.. The implications
of the study show that people feel safe within their own communities. People feel their
government does not put crime as a priority issue. They feel that the laws and sentences for
criminals are not hard enough, or tough enough to discourage them from returning to crime.
People feel if their government is not going to get involved, what is the use. (Roberts, 2001).
The correlation between gender, education, income, age, and perceived neighborhood
problems and police effectiveness in dealing with crime, depends on the daily interactions. In the
past African Americans have a lower trust level than whites. It is still this way depending on the
locations. Where you have a diverse police forces, you have more trust because there is less
likely to be prejudges or one sided feelings. They need to be a daily presence as well. The
diverse police services would be more trusted as long as they acted fairly, and took the people’s
fears and concerns seriously. They need to communicate with the public, especially the kids. The
white policemen may be more inclined to do unwarranted searches, because they have not
experienced the unfair and injustices the African- American have. Most perceptions are what
they have experienced in the past, or have been born into. Families of these eras teach their
children what they cannot trust. For an example the Rodney King, beating and the Zimmerman
shootings were in just and promoted fear and mistrust among the communities surrounding these
incidents. Canada with the missing aboriginal peoples feels their government and police do not
care enough to react. Why are they disappearing in drastic amounts and why have there been no
investigations. These issues related to why police or laws are trusted or not. The actions speak
lower than words. Police diversity and being a constant presence helps to alleviate fear and gains
7. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 7
trust. It gives them a feeling of safety. Communities that have programs for latch key kids also
help to relieve these situations, where someone is always having a neighborhood watch.
Programs such as D.A.R.E., C.O.R.E., boys and girls clubs that are there for the kids, to teach
them respect for others and for themselves. They help the kids succeed and give them a place
they can feel secure and not alone, like in their homes, and away from street activities such as
gangs. Goodman and Holmes suggest that poorer communities are most likely to not trust white
authority, perhaps the suggestion that poor will take out of need or want because they cannot
afford. In any case, how people are treated by those in authority relates how people trust and
respect them. Just because a person has a criminal background as a child does not mean they
will be criminal as adults, some people learn from their mistakes. (Goodman & Holmes, 2010).
As the above statement says, we can choose our paths. When we see things, which are
wrong and choose to look away, because we do not want to deal with the situation, looking away
is just as guilty as doing the crime. The same as remaining silent, when you see something, you
are just as guilty and it is a crime you will have to live with. Once you have seen, you can not
erase. You can deny it, but the vision and knowledge will always be there. We need to work
together to make this world safer, one culture is not better than another. United we stand, divided
we fall. There is no peace or safety until we all unite as one fighting crime.
8. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 8
References
Beckett, K. & Sasson, T. (2005). Crime in the media. Defending Justice. Political research
associates, 1310 Broadway, suite 201, Somerville, MA.02144. Retrieved from
http://www.publiceye.org/defendingjustice/overview/beckett_media.html
Bortner, M. A. (1984). Media images and public attitudes toward crime and justice. Justice and
the media, p. 15-30, 1984, Ray Surette, ed. NCJ -95768. Retrieved from
https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=95769
Brown, M. (1996). The portrayal of violence in the media impacts and implications for policy.
Australian Institute of criminology. June 1996: no55.pg 41-60. Retrieved from
http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/current%20series/tandi/41-60/tandi55.html
Cassese, E. & Weber, C. (2011). Emotion, attribution, and attitudes towards crime. Journal of
integrated social sciences. 2(1):63-97. Retrieved from
http://www.jiss.org/documents/volume_2/issue_1/JISS_2011_Attitudes_Toward_Crime.
pdf
Goodman, D. & Holmes, E. J. (2010) African- American and White perceptions of police
services: The impact of diversity on citizen’s attitude towards police services. Academia.
Journal of Public management and social policy. Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/3868068/African-
American_and_White_Perception_of_Police_Services_The_Impact_of_Diversity_on_Cit
izens_Attitudes_toward_Police_Services
Roberts, J. V. (2001) Public fear of crime and perceptions of the criminal justice system: A
review of recent trends.[user report 2001-02]Ottawa Solicitor General. Canada. vol.6 .
9. MEDIA AND JUSTICE 9
no.6, Nov. 2001. Retrieved from http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/frcrm-
pcpjst/index-eng.aspx