The document consists of multiple-choice questions related to nonreactive research and secondary analysis from the textbook 'Social Research Methods; Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches' by W. Lawrence Neuman. Key topics include unobtrusive data collection, various analysis methods, the strengths and weaknesses of content analysis, and the reliability and validity of existing statistics. Each question serves to assess the understanding of research methodologies as presented in Chapter 11 of the textbook.

1. MCQS,TRUE FALSE AND FILL IN THE BLANKS
textbook is "Social Research Methods; qualitative and
quantitative approaches"6th edition by W. Lawrence Neuman
These questions are from chapter 11. Nonreactive research and
secondary analysis.
Lesson 11
1. An example of unobtrusive data collection is(are)
a.
an interview with college freshmen to determine why they select
ed a
particular school
b. a laboratory experiment designed to determine whether
people really prefer Pepsi
or Coke
c. a mailed survey designed to discern students’ attitudes
toward a planned change in

2. the school’s calendar
2. Which of the following modes of observation does NOT
require the researcher to
intrude to some degree on whatever he or she is studying?
a. Experiments
b. Survey research
c. Complete participant observation
d. Complete observer in field research
e. All of these choices require the researcher to intrude
3. Unobtrusive measures can reduce the problem (s) of
a. the researcher’s impact on the phenomenon being studied
b. invalid operationalization of concepts
c. unreliable measurements

3. d. corroboration
e. the ecological fallacy
4. Which of the following is (are) illustrative of unobtrusive
observations?
a. examining the floor tiles at a museum to determine which
exhibits are the most
popular
b. examining the number of beer cans in the university garbage
collections to
determine beer consumption patterns
c. examining the wear on the tires of squad cars to determine
the extent of police
d. examining the radio dial settings of cars brought in for oil
changes to determine
the popularity of radio stations

4. e. all of these choices illustrate unobtrusive observations
5. If we wanted to determine whether states that pass clean air
legislation (no smoking in
public areas) are more likely to enact laws requiring
motorcyclists to wear helmets than
are states that had not passed clean air legislation, the unit of
analysis would be
a. the individual states
b. the individual act of legislation
c. passage or nonpassage of the clean air legislation
d. the clean air legislation
e. states that passed clean air legislation
6. You are interested in doing a content analysis on the
characteristics people seek in a
partner by examining the personals section of three newspapers.

5. Your unit of analysis
is:
a. the three newspapers.
b. The characteristics desired in a partner.
c. The individual ads
d. The personals section of the paper
e. The person who wrote the ad
7. Professor Perlman was interested in comparing two textbooks
to determine whether
one used more sexist language than the other. Perlman counted
the number of ties a
gender reference (ex: “he”, “she”, “chairman,” etc.) appeared in
each book. Perlman was
doing

6. a. latent content coding
b. manifest content coding
c. quota sampling
d. the ecological fallacy
e. base counting
8. Which of the following levels of measurement(s) may be
employed in content
analysis?
a. nominal
b. ratio
c. interval
d. ordinal
e. all of these choices are correct

7. 9. In which of the following analyses is content analysis LEAST
likely to be useful?
a. themes in newspaper editorials
b. the wording of this exam
c. topics covered in class lectures
d. the theme of love as discussed in song
e. dating patterns among high school seniors
10. In comparison to coding the manifest content of
communication, coding the latent
content
a. has a disadvantage in terms of validity
b. has an advantage in terms of reliability
c. is better designed for tapping the underlying meaning of
communication

8. d. has an advantage in terms of specificity
e. all of thee choices are true
11. The categories used in content analysis should be
a. Mutually exclusive
b. Exhaustive
c. Nominal
d. Mutually exclusive and exhaustive
e. Mutually exclusive and nominal
12. Content analysis can be done on newspaper materials and
government documents but
NOT on diaries and letters
a. True
b. False

9. 13. As a mode of observation, content analysis is essentially a
coding operation
a. True
b. False
14. Coding in content analysis involves
a. conceptualization and operationalization
b. inductive methods
c. selecting a level of measurement
d. deductive methods
e. all of these choices are involved in coding in content analysis
15. The weaknesses of content analysis include:
a. a researcher cannot use it to study change over time

10. b. its use influences that which is being studid
c. if you make a coding error, you cannot recode your data
d. it requires special equipment
e. none of these choices is a weakness of content analysis
16. Standard probability sampling techniques should NOT be
used in content analysis
a. True
b. False
17. All content analysis results in counting
a. True
b. False
18. Existing statistics can be used
a. as the main data for social scientific inquiry

11. b. to provide a historical context for research
c. to provide a conceptual context for research
d. as a supplemental source of data for social scientific inquiry
e. all of these choices are correct
19. Logical reasoning and replication are used to handle the
problem of validity in the
analysis of existing statistics.
a. True
b. False
20 A friend of yours is doing a term paper to compare the infant
mortality rates in the
United States, Japan, Bolivia, and Pakistan. You tell your friend
that a good source to
check is

12. a. Common Cause
b. the Demographic Yearbook
c. the Statistical Abstract of the United States
d. the Gallup poll
e. the Almanac
21. Many existing statistics can be found on the internet.
a. True
b. False
22. After examining the FBI Crime Reports for a 30=year
period, Professor Hall claimed
that the incidence of rape has increased. After examining the
same reports, Professor
Shine claimed that the reporting of rape, not the incidence of
rape, has increased. This

13. illustrates
a. the problem of reliability in using existing statistics
b. the problem of validity in using existing statistics
c. the need to replicate existing statistics
d. the ecological fallacy
e. pretesting
23. Professor Jenner was interested in using Census Bureau data
to examine the trend in
unemployment rates in the United States. However, Jenner’s
definition of unemployment
did not match the one used by the Census Bureau. Jenner was
dealing with the issue of
a. reliability
b. validity

14. c. the ecological fallacy
d. ideal types
e. verstehen
24. Only official government documents should be used in
historical analyses
a. True
b. False
25. According to Weber, an ideal type indicates the
characteristics that the phenomena
should strive to attain.
a. True
b. False
26. Unobtrusive measures reduce the impact of the researcher
on the phenomena being

15. studied.
a. True
b. False
1. Below is a list of measures on the French influence in New
Orleans. Which of the
measures is NOT an Unobtrusive Measure?
a. the wear on novels in the New Orleans Public Library written
in French
b. walking down a street in New Orleans and noticing that most
of the signs in
stores in a neighborhood are in French or French-Cajun
c. a survey using a three-page questionnaire partly written in
French that was
distributed to residents of a neighborhood
d. a box of 300 letters written by people living in New Orleans

16. to relatives living
in French speaking areas outside the state (e.g., Quebec.
between 1980 and 1985
(Page Ref: 321)
Refer to the following paragraph to answer the questions below.
Dr. Simpson conducted a content analysis of the New York
Times newspaper between
1980 and 2000. She first identified relevant articles involving
government regulation of
business. After finding 2,000 such articles, she systematically
sampled articles with a
sampling interval of 5. She then coded each sampled article
based on the subjective
meaning it expressed, as pro- or anti-government regulation
using a 1 to 10 scale (1 =
very anti-regulation, 10 = very pro-regulation).

17. 2. In this study, Dr. Simpson used __________ to identify
articles as pro- or antigovernment regulation.
a. latent coding
b. manifest coding
c. generic coding
d. intervention strategy coding
(Page Ref: 326)
3. How many articles did Dr. Simpson code?
a. 200
b. 400
c. 1,000
d. 4,000