Henri Matisse was a French painter, sculptor, and designer. Some of his most famous works mentioned in the document include Dance (II) from 1910, Femme au manteau violet (Woman in a Purple Coat) from 1937, and Le bonheur de vivre (The Joy of Life) from 1905-1906. The document provides information on various paintings, sculptures, and designs created by Matisse between 1905 and 1948.