The Function of Lubricants in Pigment Coating:
Effects of Lubricants
Classification of Lubricants
Potential Lubricants
Principals of Tribology
Principals of Rheology
Lubricants and Viscoelasticity
Lubricants and Blade Runnability
CALUMEX WHITE - CSA CEMENT is a new development in cement technology
We produce a stable white cement - with reduced shrinkage-fast setting-rapid drying and has low alkali - so can be use in making GRC CONCRETE
CALIGHT 70 is an extreme white calcium aluminate cement produced through sintering high quality alumina and lime. It is used as a straight binder or added to white Portland cement in dry mortars. Calcium sulfate can be added to reduce shrinkage, accelerate drying, and increase density. It is suitable for white or colored floor levelers, marble adhesives, and tile grouts as the amount of lime released during hydration is negligible. Key benefits include extreme whiteness, ease of coloring, no efflorescence, durable color, high resistance in aggressive environments, and high early strength. CALTRA is an independent producer of special binders that offers services and a wide range of products to the construction industry
Presentation on Training at Nerolac PaintsHimanshu Yadav
This presentation summarizes the manufacturing process of paints and resins at Kansai Nerolac Paints Limited. It discusses the composition of paints including pigments, binders, solvents and additives. It also describes the types of equipment used like premixers, sand mills and ball mills. Furthermore, it explains the production flow sheet and manufacturing processes for different resins like acrylic, melamine formaldehyde and alkyd resins. Quality control tests performed on the finished products are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of an in-plant training at Kansai Nerolac Paints Limited. It includes information about the company profile, product lines, composition and manufacturing process of paint, equipment used, quality tests performed, packaging process, common defects, and safety procedures. The trainee analyzed losses during packaging and compared the efficiency of different grinding mills used in the production process.
The document shows graphs comparing the friction coefficient and friction force over time and under different conditions for a textured versus an untextured surface. It describes a test of friction versus laps with poor lubrication between the surfaces, as well as tests measuring friction force at different crank speeds and pressures for baseline, low-speed transportation, and super-efficient transportation piston ring segments.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
CALUMEX WHITE - CSA CEMENT is a new development in cement technology
We produce a stable white cement - with reduced shrinkage-fast setting-rapid drying and has low alkali - so can be use in making GRC CONCRETE
CALIGHT 70 is an extreme white calcium aluminate cement produced through sintering high quality alumina and lime. It is used as a straight binder or added to white Portland cement in dry mortars. Calcium sulfate can be added to reduce shrinkage, accelerate drying, and increase density. It is suitable for white or colored floor levelers, marble adhesives, and tile grouts as the amount of lime released during hydration is negligible. Key benefits include extreme whiteness, ease of coloring, no efflorescence, durable color, high resistance in aggressive environments, and high early strength. CALTRA is an independent producer of special binders that offers services and a wide range of products to the construction industry
Presentation on Training at Nerolac PaintsHimanshu Yadav
This presentation summarizes the manufacturing process of paints and resins at Kansai Nerolac Paints Limited. It discusses the composition of paints including pigments, binders, solvents and additives. It also describes the types of equipment used like premixers, sand mills and ball mills. Furthermore, it explains the production flow sheet and manufacturing processes for different resins like acrylic, melamine formaldehyde and alkyd resins. Quality control tests performed on the finished products are also outlined.
This document provides an overview of an in-plant training at Kansai Nerolac Paints Limited. It includes information about the company profile, product lines, composition and manufacturing process of paint, equipment used, quality tests performed, packaging process, common defects, and safety procedures. The trainee analyzed losses during packaging and compared the efficiency of different grinding mills used in the production process.
The document shows graphs comparing the friction coefficient and friction force over time and under different conditions for a textured versus an untextured surface. It describes a test of friction versus laps with poor lubrication between the surfaces, as well as tests measuring friction force at different crank speeds and pressures for baseline, low-speed transportation, and super-efficient transportation piston ring segments.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the evolution of the web from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Web 1.0 focused on determining what content to display online, while Web 2.0 utilized the power of networks and user-generated content through social changes. Web 3.0, also called the semantic web, will be driven by technological changes and focus on making data meaningful by structuring it and connecting databases to better answer complex queries.
Presentation at the University of Vienna by M. Gerritsen, my bachelorthesis tutor, about our combined research on the Influence of Culture on the Choice of Media.
Este documento presenta una breve autobiografía de Yerson Fabian Muñoz Arengas. Incluye información sobre su nombre, fecha y lugar de nacimiento, familia, amigos, cualidades, defectos, aficiones, metas, materias favoritas y su mujer ideal.
El documento habla sobre el origen del chocolate. El chocolate proviene de las semillas del árbol del cacao llamado Theobroma, cuyo fruto es la mazorca que contiene las semillas de cacao que luego se procesan para hacer chocolate.
This document provides an overview of DragoniteTM halloysite clay and its applications as a mechanical, processing, flame retardant and controlled-release additive for polymers. Key points include:
- DragoniteTM is a naturally occurring aluminosilicate clay with hollow tubular morphology that provides benefits to polymers.
- It can improve mechanical properties, reduce cycle times, provide flame retardancy and enable controlled release of actives from polymers.
- Data is presented showing improvements in properties for HDPE, PP, PET and other polymers with DragoniteTM additions.
- The document discusses developing DragoniteTM into concentrated masterbatches and various product forms to commercialize its use in polymers.
Applied Minerals Dragonite(TM) Halloysite nanotubes as nanoreactors in indust...Andre Zeitoun
Halloysite tubule nanoreactors in industrial and agricultural applications
1. Introduction
Halloysite is a two-layered aluminosilicate which has a predominantly hollow tubular structure in the submicron range and is chemically similar to kaolinite [1]. It is mined commercially from natural deposits in USA, New Zealand, China, Turkey, and Malaysia [2]. Dragon mine in Utah has exceptionally pure halloysite with nanotubes exceeding 99 %[3]. These minerals are formed from kaolinite over millions of years due to the hydrothermal processes [4]. Layers are rolled into tubes due to the strain caused by lattice mismatch between adjacent silicone dioxide and aluminum oxide sheets [1-3].
Halloysite was discovered in 18th century and named in honor of Omalius d’Halloy who analyzed the mineral [5]. In early years it was very difficult to distinguish halloysite from other minerals, particularly from kaolinite. However, X-ray analysis has shown that it has unique crystalline structure [6]. Halloysite has been extensively utilized as a raw material for ceramics industry, especially for the manufacture of porcelain, and bone china [1,7]. Having nanotubular structure, halloysite particles can potentially be applied in several fields of nanotechnology. These multilayer tubes are commonly used for plastic composites, in controlled release applications [8-15], and may be coated with metal by electroless plating to make conductive fillers [16]. Due to their porous structure and high catalytic activity, halloysite particles can be used in remediation of acid mine drainage, petroleum conversion in refining industries, as well as in the separation of liquids and gaseous mixtures. This paper summarizes the structure, physicochemical properties and major application areas of halloysite nanotubes.
This study investigated the mechanical properties of self-assembling peptide hydrogels combined with chondroitin sulfate at varying ratios, using rheology. Three peptides (P11-4, P11-8, P11-12) were examined alone and in combination with chondroitin sulfate in two salt solutions. Rheology showed that P11-4 and P11-8 hydrogels had greater elastic modulus, forming stronger gels compared to P11-12. P11-8 hydrogels showed the highest elastic modulus. FTIR and TEM provided evidence that β-sheet formation and aggregation increased with chondroitin sulfate ratio and salt concentration. The study aims to determine if P
The Function of Lubricants in Pigment CoatingIlkka Herrala
The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to describe and illustrate the function of lubricants in the pigment coating of paper. The original goal was to show that lubricants might contribute to up-speeding of the pigment coating process. As this appeared to be a very complicated task to prove in reality and required test equipment, which was not available at that time in the Paper Laboratory of Helsinki University of Technology, the experimental part of the thesis was left out and a more comprehensive and versatile literature study of the subject was realized instead. I hope that the advanced level of information served by this literature study could inspire researches interested in this subject to further analyse the function of pigment coating lubricants, and based on this information develop new lubricant products for the pigment coating market.
Pigment coating lubrication can be divided into two categories: lubrication in wet state coating and lubrication in dry (or semi-dry) coating. Lubrication in wet state coating involves hydrodynamic lubrication and boundary lubrication, and occurs when moving pigment surfaces are completely or partially separated by a water layer. The lubricants have now influence on the viscoelastic character of the wet coating color by altering the manner in which various ingredients of a coating color interact with one another. Lubrication in dry coating involves both boundary lubrication, where paper surface and process machinery contact, and elastohydrodynamic lubrication - in connection with supercalendering - where hard roll surfaces are in contact with elastomeric surfaces of coated paper and filled calender rolls. In both cases, absorbed films of lubricants reduce friction between the respective surfaces. Lubricants then influence the manner in which the pigment particles and other materials are aligned with each other after the drying and supercalendering steps. This results in better runnability of the machines and improved optical properties of the finished sheet.
In the synthesis of this Master’s thesis some guidelines are given for evaluating different substances for their lubricating performance in pigment coating: An effective lubricant should be attracted either chemically or physically to the surface and thus decrease the real area of contact, and therefore the adhesion, of the two rubbing surfaces. It should have strong cohesion energy between the molecules. The optimal chain length must be found to ensure insolubility together with low viscosity. Organic Sulfur-compounds could be added to a lubricant in order to ensure lubrication performance under high temperatures and pressures. Finally, novel mechanisms are suggested for lubricant performance, especially in blade coating: Lubricants may turn the balance of a viscoelastic coating color from the elastic side to a slightly viscous side and thus enable the flow of a coating color still in very high coating solids. Together with higher coating solids, higher coating speeds may also be achieved, which was indeed the initial interest of this study. Secondly, there seems to be a link between blade bleeding/extrusion and the slip boundary within the color. One possible mechanism for lubricant function may well be their ability to reduce friction and increase slip at the blade boundary, thus preventing bleeding and dry stalagmite formation at the blade tip from occurring.
An insight on formulating texture coatings and the effect of rheology modifiers to the different application methods and finish profile of texture coatings
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the evolution of the web from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Web 1.0 focused on determining what content to display online, while Web 2.0 utilized the power of networks and user-generated content through social changes. Web 3.0, also called the semantic web, will be driven by technological changes and focus on making data meaningful by structuring it and connecting databases to better answer complex queries.
Presentation at the University of Vienna by M. Gerritsen, my bachelorthesis tutor, about our combined research on the Influence of Culture on the Choice of Media.
Este documento presenta una breve autobiografía de Yerson Fabian Muñoz Arengas. Incluye información sobre su nombre, fecha y lugar de nacimiento, familia, amigos, cualidades, defectos, aficiones, metas, materias favoritas y su mujer ideal.
El documento habla sobre el origen del chocolate. El chocolate proviene de las semillas del árbol del cacao llamado Theobroma, cuyo fruto es la mazorca que contiene las semillas de cacao que luego se procesan para hacer chocolate.
This document provides an overview of DragoniteTM halloysite clay and its applications as a mechanical, processing, flame retardant and controlled-release additive for polymers. Key points include:
- DragoniteTM is a naturally occurring aluminosilicate clay with hollow tubular morphology that provides benefits to polymers.
- It can improve mechanical properties, reduce cycle times, provide flame retardancy and enable controlled release of actives from polymers.
- Data is presented showing improvements in properties for HDPE, PP, PET and other polymers with DragoniteTM additions.
- The document discusses developing DragoniteTM into concentrated masterbatches and various product forms to commercialize its use in polymers.
Applied Minerals Dragonite(TM) Halloysite nanotubes as nanoreactors in indust...Andre Zeitoun
Halloysite tubule nanoreactors in industrial and agricultural applications
1. Introduction
Halloysite is a two-layered aluminosilicate which has a predominantly hollow tubular structure in the submicron range and is chemically similar to kaolinite [1]. It is mined commercially from natural deposits in USA, New Zealand, China, Turkey, and Malaysia [2]. Dragon mine in Utah has exceptionally pure halloysite with nanotubes exceeding 99 %[3]. These minerals are formed from kaolinite over millions of years due to the hydrothermal processes [4]. Layers are rolled into tubes due to the strain caused by lattice mismatch between adjacent silicone dioxide and aluminum oxide sheets [1-3].
Halloysite was discovered in 18th century and named in honor of Omalius d’Halloy who analyzed the mineral [5]. In early years it was very difficult to distinguish halloysite from other minerals, particularly from kaolinite. However, X-ray analysis has shown that it has unique crystalline structure [6]. Halloysite has been extensively utilized as a raw material for ceramics industry, especially for the manufacture of porcelain, and bone china [1,7]. Having nanotubular structure, halloysite particles can potentially be applied in several fields of nanotechnology. These multilayer tubes are commonly used for plastic composites, in controlled release applications [8-15], and may be coated with metal by electroless plating to make conductive fillers [16]. Due to their porous structure and high catalytic activity, halloysite particles can be used in remediation of acid mine drainage, petroleum conversion in refining industries, as well as in the separation of liquids and gaseous mixtures. This paper summarizes the structure, physicochemical properties and major application areas of halloysite nanotubes.
This study investigated the mechanical properties of self-assembling peptide hydrogels combined with chondroitin sulfate at varying ratios, using rheology. Three peptides (P11-4, P11-8, P11-12) were examined alone and in combination with chondroitin sulfate in two salt solutions. Rheology showed that P11-4 and P11-8 hydrogels had greater elastic modulus, forming stronger gels compared to P11-12. P11-8 hydrogels showed the highest elastic modulus. FTIR and TEM provided evidence that β-sheet formation and aggregation increased with chondroitin sulfate ratio and salt concentration. The study aims to determine if P
The Function of Lubricants in Pigment CoatingIlkka Herrala
The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to describe and illustrate the function of lubricants in the pigment coating of paper. The original goal was to show that lubricants might contribute to up-speeding of the pigment coating process. As this appeared to be a very complicated task to prove in reality and required test equipment, which was not available at that time in the Paper Laboratory of Helsinki University of Technology, the experimental part of the thesis was left out and a more comprehensive and versatile literature study of the subject was realized instead. I hope that the advanced level of information served by this literature study could inspire researches interested in this subject to further analyse the function of pigment coating lubricants, and based on this information develop new lubricant products for the pigment coating market.
Pigment coating lubrication can be divided into two categories: lubrication in wet state coating and lubrication in dry (or semi-dry) coating. Lubrication in wet state coating involves hydrodynamic lubrication and boundary lubrication, and occurs when moving pigment surfaces are completely or partially separated by a water layer. The lubricants have now influence on the viscoelastic character of the wet coating color by altering the manner in which various ingredients of a coating color interact with one another. Lubrication in dry coating involves both boundary lubrication, where paper surface and process machinery contact, and elastohydrodynamic lubrication - in connection with supercalendering - where hard roll surfaces are in contact with elastomeric surfaces of coated paper and filled calender rolls. In both cases, absorbed films of lubricants reduce friction between the respective surfaces. Lubricants then influence the manner in which the pigment particles and other materials are aligned with each other after the drying and supercalendering steps. This results in better runnability of the machines and improved optical properties of the finished sheet.
In the synthesis of this Master’s thesis some guidelines are given for evaluating different substances for their lubricating performance in pigment coating: An effective lubricant should be attracted either chemically or physically to the surface and thus decrease the real area of contact, and therefore the adhesion, of the two rubbing surfaces. It should have strong cohesion energy between the molecules. The optimal chain length must be found to ensure insolubility together with low viscosity. Organic Sulfur-compounds could be added to a lubricant in order to ensure lubrication performance under high temperatures and pressures. Finally, novel mechanisms are suggested for lubricant performance, especially in blade coating: Lubricants may turn the balance of a viscoelastic coating color from the elastic side to a slightly viscous side and thus enable the flow of a coating color still in very high coating solids. Together with higher coating solids, higher coating speeds may also be achieved, which was indeed the initial interest of this study. Secondly, there seems to be a link between blade bleeding/extrusion and the slip boundary within the color. One possible mechanism for lubricant function may well be their ability to reduce friction and increase slip at the blade boundary, thus preventing bleeding and dry stalagmite formation at the blade tip from occurring.
An insight on formulating texture coatings and the effect of rheology modifiers to the different application methods and finish profile of texture coatings
T 10 kaolin as high performance extender pigment for coatings - by s.v. kam...Gn Tewari
1. English Indian Clays Ltd produces kaolin, which is used as a high performance extender pigment in coatings.
2. Kaolin enhances properties like opacity, gloss, viscosity and resistance to abrasion, corrosion and cracking when used in paint formulations.
3. EICL has developed processed forms of kaolin like delaminated, calcined and nano kaolin to further improve the functional properties in coatings such as improved opacity and durability. These processed kaolins allow for optimization of titanium dioxide content in paints.
This document provides an overview of latex ingredients and compounding formulations for latex products. It discusses the key components of natural rubber latex and synthetic lattices like SBR, neoprene, and nitrile. It describes the processes used to concentrate and preserve latex, including centrifuging and the use of ammonia or ammonia with bactericides. The document also covers the dispersion and emulsification of solids and liquids for addition to latex, and the roles of auxiliary chemicals like stabilizers, wetting agents, and thickening agents in compounding latex and achieving desired product characteristics.
This document discusses coating paper and board from a chemical perspective. It begins by describing different types of coated papers and the coating process. It then discusses coating ingredients like pigments, which make up the majority of the coating and improve properties like brightness, smoothness, and printability. Different pigments are characterized in terms of their composition, particle size and morphology. The main purpose of coating is to improve surface quality and optimize properties for printing like brightness, gloss, opacity, and ink receptivity. Coating enhances these properties and produces a smooth, uniform surface for clear printed images.
Latex ingredients and compounding with formulations of products with brief ma...PRIYABRATA GHOSH
This document provides information on latex ingredients and compounding formulations for rubber products. It discusses the composition of natural rubber latex and factors contributing to its colloidal stability. Methods for concentrating latex include evaporation, creaming, centrifuging, and electro-decantation. Latex is commonly preserved with ammonia and bactericides. The document also covers the production of synthetic latex dispersions through emulsion polymerization and their applications. Steps for preparing solid dispersions and liquid emulsions are outlined. Finally, auxiliary chemicals and compounding ingredients used in latex formulations are described.
Royal DSM is a global science-based company focused on nutrition, health, and sustainable living. One of its business units, DSM Coating Resins, has helped transition the paints and coatings industry towards more sustainable technologies. Specifically, DSM has developed Uralac® Ultra powder coating technology, which allows powder coatings to be applied to heat-sensitive substrates like wood at lower curing temperatures. This new technology provides manufacturers with superior aesthetics, more efficient processing, and a greener coating solution compared to traditional liquid coatings.
SOLUCIONES THT PARA FABRICACIÓN DE PINTURAS.
Atendemos toda América Latina .
Informes y Cotizaciones: dgarcia@torreyhillstech.com
Tel:+52-1- 664-3062045
SOLUCIONES THT PARA INDUSTRIA DE PINTURAS Y BARNICES
Atendemos toda la república .
Informes y Cotizaciones: dgarcia@torreyhillstech.com
Tel: +52-1-664-3062045
This document investigates the effects of adding commercial wax additives to asphalt to lower energy consumption during production and paving. It focuses on the wax additives' influence on cracking performance, moisture damage resistance, and low-temperature cracking resistance. Tests were conducted on binders and mixtures with and without wax additives. The results showed that wax additives increased the binder and mixture stiffness and rutting resistance. Wax mixtures also demonstrated improved cracking resistance and moisture damage resistance compared to unmodified mixtures. Tests on the mixtures' low-temperature cracking performance found that wax additives had a minor or no negative effect.
Innovations in coating technology for graphic artAdesh Katariya
The document discusses innovations and trends in coating technology for graphic art. It describes different types of coatings categorized by their formulation (e.g. solvent-based, water-based), application process (e.g. gravure, flexo), and end use. New trends include UV-curable coatings that provide special visual effects like texture, soft-feel, and thermochromic properties. The document also discusses opportunities for aqueous and solvent-based coatings, as well as growth in the Asia-Pacific coating market led by China, India, Japan, and Korea.
This document provides an overview of the functions of various dyeing auxiliaries used in the textile dyeing process. It discusses the roles of sequestrants, lubricants, leveling agents, antifoams, pH buffers, desizing agents, yarn lubricants, mercerizing agents, dye fixing agents, optical brighteners, soaping agents, and finishing chemicals. Each auxiliary type is described in 1-2 sentences explaining its purpose in the dyeing process such as preventing hard water ions, providing lubrication, ensuring even dye distribution, or removing size from fabrics.
In aviation passive anti-icing coatings remain interesting, to reduce energy demand and service disruption caused by active anti-icing and de-icing procedures. This is reflected by the active market and research in this domain. Beyond that, icing effects many more sectors, such as heat exchangers, wind turbines, and antennas. Passive anti-icing coatings are coatings, which exhibit at least one of the following effects: (1) to repel incoming water droplets, (2) to delay ice nucleation and (3) to lower ice-solid adhesion strength. Aerospace & Advanced Composites GmbH offers passive and active anti-icing coatings and solutions. Furthermore, we have specialized on testing and charactering anti-icing coatings. This includes rapid ice adhesion determination, artificial accelerated weathering, surface characterization and operational exposure simulation.
The Lubrolene WFR series of water-free die-release products provide unrivalled release, quality, cost and sustainability performance for high pressure die cast engine, powertrain and structural automotive parts.
Global leaders in porosity sealing, Ultraseal International Group is the sole European and Americas supplier of Lubrolene® die release agents and provides a unique turnkey solution for die casting customers.
Find out more at: https://www.ultraseal-impregnation.com/die-release-agent/
T6 new generation calcium carbonate by k.k. mishraGn Tewari
This document discusses a new generation of calcium carbonate extenders for paint formulations. It begins with an overview of how extenders have evolved from mere fillers to functional raw materials that contribute properties like rheology, adhesion and hiding power. It then describes several new calcium carbonate extenders produced by 20 Microns Ltd. that are said to improve properties like opacity, gloss and cost. Experimental results are presented showing that partially replacing titanium dioxide with two of these new extenders in an exterior emulsion paint reduced costs without negatively affecting optical or weathering properties.
Teknor Apex has developed new thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) compounds with enhanced flow properties to address common defects in automotive sealing systems and exterior parts. The defects include flow marks, streaking, and tiger striping. The new TPE compounds have higher flow and slower crystallization, allowing for a wider processing window. This improves surface quality and adhesion. Representative grades from three new high-flow TPE series for applications like window encapsulation and corner moldings are presented, showing enhanced properties over standard materials.
The document discusses barrier films used for flexible packaging. It explains that barrier films help extend a product's shelf life by protecting it from moisture, oxygen, light, aroma/odor, and other environmental factors. It provides examples of different types of products and their typical barrier needs. It also describes how to measure various barrier properties and select the appropriate barrier film for different packaging applications.
Dewaxed bleached shellac is a hard, wax-free shellac that provides a bright shine. It is non-toxic and FDA-approved for use in food and pharmaceutical products. The bleaching process involves dissolving shellac in an alkaline solution, then precipitating and washing a bleached powder. Dewaxed bleached shellac has many industrial uses, including as a coating for fruits, vegetables, tablets, confections, and more. It performs functions like enhancing gloss, providing a moisture barrier, and extending shelf life.
1. Non-silicone release coatings are applied to the backing of tapes opposite the adhesive to allow for easy unwinding and prevent delamination or tearing. Without a release coating, the tape would stick to itself.
2. Non-silicone release coatings can be coated inline during adhesive coating, unlike silicone coatings which require high-temperature curing. This allows better control over the release values.
3. The suitable release coating depends on the tape's peel strength, substrate material, and desired unwind force. The unwind force should be lower than the substrate's tensile strength to prevent elongation or tearing.