The document discusses justice for trafficking victims in the United States. It provides information on common forms and industries of human trafficking in the country. It also details some case examples of human trafficking prosecutions and victims being awarded restitution. The document advocates for mandatory criminal restitution for trafficking victims and notes that if criminal cases are dropped, victims can pursue civil lawsuits against traffickers under the Trafficking Victims Protection Act.
Pro se plaintiff, “louis charles hamilton ii”, co plaintiff(s) “united states...Louis Charles Hamilton II
U.S. Docket No. 15-MC-2283 Pro Se Plaintiff, “Louis Charles Hamilton II”, Co-Plaintiff(s) United States of America” et al, and Co-Plaintiff “State of Texas” et al, vs. Chief Defendant “Doctor Dinesh Chandra Khare”, Co-Defendant(s) “Geeta International” et al, Co-Defendant(s) “Geeta International Legal Division” et al, “Geeta International Co. Ltd.”, Co-Defendant(s) GEETA Group LLC et al, Co-Defendant Vipul Khare, Co-Defendant(s) “Rishu Khare” Plk LLC, And Co-Defendant(s) “Vijay Khare” Co-Defendant(s) “Greg Miller” of “Trillionaire Realty”, and “Trillionaire Assets”
Qui Tam Action Legal Papers Brought by Bernard Lisitza Against Pharmacy Compa...Behn Wyetzner, Chartered
Legal Motion Documentation on Medical Fraud Whistleblower Case brought by Qui Tam Law Firm Behn & Wyetzner Chartered against Omnicare Pharmaceuticals in the State of Massachusetts
Verified Criminal Complaint to US Middle District, Orlando Division Grand JurySandra Karwel
On November 8, 2016 Steve Shytle of Palm Bay Police did a criminal Home Invasion of my home of 48 years, and this is a federal crime. This is a complaint to the US Attorney Victim's Coordinator. Leadership is standing-up against violence, and justice is worth life, so I have launched a Global Campaign to get my Home back, and have a US Federal Grand Jury Indictment against Steve Shytle and Robert Lemke.
El Wall Street Journal rectificó la nota que publicó en mi contra, en consecuencia, retiraré la demanda por daño moral que presenté en contra de este diario.
The American Civil Liberties Union filed a federal lawsuit seeking to reunite an asylum-seeking mother and her 7-year-old daughter fleeing violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo, only to be forcibly torn from each other in the U.S. and detained separately 2,000 miles apart.
On June 26, 2018, the court issued 2 orders (1) granting preliminary injunction and (2) certifying class action status.
This order was uploaded by me, Josh Goldstein. I'm an immigration lawyer in Los Angeles, California. You can reach me at:
http://www.immigrationlawyerslosangeles.com/
Law Offices of Joshua L Goldstein, PC
811 W. 7th Street, 12th Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90017
I am licensed to practice law in Massachusetts, New York. I practice immigration and nationality law in all 50 states and around the world. Not licensed to practice law in California.
Pro se plaintiff, “louis charles hamilton ii”, co plaintiff(s) “united states...Louis Charles Hamilton II
U.S. Docket No. 15-MC-2283 Pro Se Plaintiff, “Louis Charles Hamilton II”, Co-Plaintiff(s) United States of America” et al, and Co-Plaintiff “State of Texas” et al, vs. Chief Defendant “Doctor Dinesh Chandra Khare”, Co-Defendant(s) “Geeta International” et al, Co-Defendant(s) “Geeta International Legal Division” et al, “Geeta International Co. Ltd.”, Co-Defendant(s) GEETA Group LLC et al, Co-Defendant Vipul Khare, Co-Defendant(s) “Rishu Khare” Plk LLC, And Co-Defendant(s) “Vijay Khare” Co-Defendant(s) “Greg Miller” of “Trillionaire Realty”, and “Trillionaire Assets”
Qui Tam Action Legal Papers Brought by Bernard Lisitza Against Pharmacy Compa...Behn Wyetzner, Chartered
Legal Motion Documentation on Medical Fraud Whistleblower Case brought by Qui Tam Law Firm Behn & Wyetzner Chartered against Omnicare Pharmaceuticals in the State of Massachusetts
Verified Criminal Complaint to US Middle District, Orlando Division Grand JurySandra Karwel
On November 8, 2016 Steve Shytle of Palm Bay Police did a criminal Home Invasion of my home of 48 years, and this is a federal crime. This is a complaint to the US Attorney Victim's Coordinator. Leadership is standing-up against violence, and justice is worth life, so I have launched a Global Campaign to get my Home back, and have a US Federal Grand Jury Indictment against Steve Shytle and Robert Lemke.
El Wall Street Journal rectificó la nota que publicó en mi contra, en consecuencia, retiraré la demanda por daño moral que presenté en contra de este diario.
The American Civil Liberties Union filed a federal lawsuit seeking to reunite an asylum-seeking mother and her 7-year-old daughter fleeing violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo, only to be forcibly torn from each other in the U.S. and detained separately 2,000 miles apart.
On June 26, 2018, the court issued 2 orders (1) granting preliminary injunction and (2) certifying class action status.
This order was uploaded by me, Josh Goldstein. I'm an immigration lawyer in Los Angeles, California. You can reach me at:
http://www.immigrationlawyerslosangeles.com/
Law Offices of Joshua L Goldstein, PC
811 W. 7th Street, 12th Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90017
I am licensed to practice law in Massachusetts, New York. I practice immigration and nationality law in all 50 states and around the world. Not licensed to practice law in California.
FIVE DEFENDANTS INDICTED FOR SELLING HEROIN AND FENTANYL THAT LED TO THE DEAT...Adam Francis
BUFFALO, N.Y. - U.S. Attorney James P. Kennedy, Jr. announced today that a federal grand jury has returned a 23-count indictment charging four defendants with conspiracy to distribute one kilogram or more of heroin and 400 grams or more of fentanyl. Charged in the conspiracy are:
• Robert Moore, a/k/a Fonz, a/k/a Charmy, 39 of Williamsville, NY;
• Reese Moore, a/k/a Detroit, 25 of Buffalo; NY
• Kevin Abernathy, a/k/a B, 31 also of Buffalo; and
• Joshua Levine, 21 of Lancaster, NY.
Human Trafficking in the 21st Century – Emerge Presentationemergeuwf
This HIP project builds on the 2014 Emerge HIP project entitled “From the Underground Railroad to Modern Day Human Trafficking” by addressing regional human trafficking concerns relevant to social work practice in our geographic area and aligns with the regional comprehensive mission and scope set forth by the University of West Florida (UWF).
Every year, millions of children literally disappear into thin air. One of the best places to eliminate child trafficking in the world is miles above it.
Join Airline Ambassadors Hero Force. We Are A Nation Of Airline Flight Attendants, Pilots, Counter and Gate Representatives, Ground Personnel, Law Enforcement, Airport Security, Retail and Volunteers – and the concerned public – all committed to putting an end to Child Trafficking, the #2 crime on Earth – and saving children’s lives every day.
Once again, the top immigration news stories showed the national division on immigration issues. Without a public consensus, immigration reform remains stymied. The August 2015 Immigration News Top Ten Slide Share Presentation reflects this lack of clarity. Selected for inclusion in this month’s immigration news roundup are the following topics:
• Origin And Community: Asian And Latin American Youth And U.S. Deportation Relief
• Border Jails Facing Bond Defaults As Immigration Boom Goes Bust
• Central American Radio Stations Are Playing Anti-Immigration Songs Paid By The U.S. Government
• 15 Reasons Why Trump’s Plan To End Birthright Citizenship Is A Horrible Idea
• Filipino Immigrants In The United States
• Vandals May Be Targeting Emergency Water Stations At The Border
• Unauthorized Immigrants Paid $100 Billion Into Social Security Over Last Decade
• Immigration Judges Are Burning Out Faster Than Prison Wardens And Hospital Doctors
• El Salvador Declares Street Gangs As Terrorist Groups, Supreme Court Rules
• A Human Immigration Policy For A Nation Of Immigrants
City Attorney Dennis Herrera sent a pre-litigation demand letter and draft complaint to McDonald's Corporation this afternoon, informing the Oak Brook, Ill.-based fast-food giant of its civil liability for violations of the California Drug Abatement Act and Unfair Competition Law at the property it owns in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury neighborhood.
The letter and complaint sent to President and CEO Steve Easterbrook detail the bases for which McDonald's Corporation could be held legally accountable for the lawlessness harbored at its 730 Stanyan Street property, where its franchisee has defiantly refused to abate problems related to drug trafficking and other public nuisances. The McDonald's location "has generated nearly 1,100 calls for service" to the San Francisco Police Department since January 2012, according to Herrera's letter -- more than any other business in the area. Criminal activity includes arrests for sale and possession of LSD, psychedelic mushrooms, hashish, marijuana, and marijuana edibles as well as dozens of incidents involving fights, assaults, auto burglaries and even two dog attacks.
Herrera expressed "hope to enlist your assistance to resolve the public nuisance conditions" to McDonald's President and CEO, but was unequivocal in his intention to file suit if necessary, both to abate conditions plaguing the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood and to pursue injunctive relief, civil penalties, and attorneys' fees.
1. Dan White had been elected as a city supervisor of San Francisco..docxcorbing9ttj
1. Dan White had been elected as a city supervisor of San Francisco. White resigned on November 10, 1978. Four days later, he changed his mind and asked Mayor George Moscone to reappoint him to his former position. The mayor refused. On the morning of November 27, White confronted the mayor and demanded to be reappointed. When the mayor refused, White shot the mayor five times. White reloaded his gun, walked across the hall to City Supervisor Harvey Milk's office, and shot him four times. Milk was a leader in San Francisco's gay community with whom White frequently clashed. After shooting Moscone and Milk, White fled but shortly thereafter went to the police and confessed. He was charged with first degree murder. During the trial psychologists called by the defense testified that White's behavior was the result of long term depression excaberated by a craving for junk food. They testified that White's judgement and ability to control his behavior were altered by the huge amount of sugar he had consumerd the night before the killings. The so called Twinkie defense worked. White was convicted of voluntary manslaughter instead of first degree murder on May 21, 1979, he was sentenced to a prison term of 7 years to 7 years, 8 months. White was released from prison after serving 5 years, 1 month, and 9 days of his sentence. He committed suicide on Octiver 21, 1985.
a. What is the legal rationale for accepted legal defenses against or excuses from criminal responsibility? Do you agree with the rationale?
b. Should all legal defenses or excuses be abilished? Why or why not?
2. The sexual assault and murder of 7 year old Megan Kanka in New Jersey October 31, 1994, struck a national nerve. Megan was assaulted and killed by a neighbor, Jesse Timmendequas, who had twice been convicted of similar sex offenses and was on parole. In response to the crime and public uproar, the state of New Jerseyenacted 'Megan's Law.' The law, as originally passed, required sex offenders, upon their release from prison to register with New Jersey law enforcement authorities, who are to notify the public about their release. The public was to be provided with the offender's name, a recent photograph, a physical description, a list of the offenses for which he or she was convicted, the offender's current address and place of employement or school, and the offender's automobile license plate number. The Supreme Court has upheld Megan's Law.
Currently, all 50 states and the federal government have Megan's Law that require sex offenders released from prison to register with local law enforcement authorities. Many of those laws, like New Jersey, require that the law enforcements officials to use the information to notify schools and day care centers and in some cases, the sex offenders neighbors. In 1997, California enacted a law allowing citizens access to a CD ROM with detailed information of 64,000 sex offenders living in California who had committed a broad range.
Ethical ScrapbookTeam BCJA324 Ethics in Criminal JusticeJ.docxgitagrimston
Ethical Scrapbook
Team B
CJA/324 Ethics in Criminal Justice
James Beeks
2/5/2015
Contemporary Ethics
Do we pursue our own happiness, or do we sacrifice ourselves for a greater cause? Samaritans everyday preform actions that affect others- from one to one million. These actions may range from;
Random acts of kindness
Acts of vigilantism
Acts of civil disobedience
Criminal acts committed by professionals in the course of their employment
This scrapbook voyages through all of the bulleted concepts of contemporary ethics and the people who made the difference.
Random Acts of Kindness
Random acts of kindness
cab driver stunned for $1,000 tip for a 2 minute cab ride
Pizza shop, Customers Giveaway 8,400 Slices to Philly
At Rosa’s Fresh Pizza, the multitude of sticky notes spanning the restaurants’’ walls has nothing to do with memos and everything to do with uniting the community in caring for its poorest residents. Mason Wartman, the owner of the Philadelphia pizza parlor, is gains national attention for his unique business model of giving back. Customers at Rosa’s can choose to buy a slice for a homeless person for just another dollar. Yes just $1. After donating the dollar, customers can choose to write a heartfelt message on the sticky note, and add it to the parlors wall.
Getting from point A to point B was anything but routine for this cabbie. Oumar Maiga, a driver for Freedom Taxi in Philadelphia, picked up a passenger last month, and took them to their destination- which was less than a two minute drive. When it was time to pay the $4.31 fare, the passenger left an astounding $989.98 tip. Maiga was stunned by the massive donation. Maiga continuously asked the patron if they had made a mistake and the patron replied “I meant to give you that much”.
Random acts of kindness cont.
Random acts of kindness
Chick-Fil-A Owner Gives His Own Gloves and Free Food to Man In Need
This fast food owner believes in service with a side of selflessness. A man with his possessions strapped to his back entered a Chick-Fil-A restaurant in Birmingham, Alabama, and approached owner-operator Mark Meadows. The homeless man walked up to Meadows and asked “if there was anything he could do to earn a little food".
Meadows were concerned for the man, who had just come from the freezing temperatures outside, and wanted to make sure he stayed warm. So the owner decided to give him a free meal and also handed over his own pair of gloves. The moving moment was captured by a customer who witnessed the interaction and shared the photo on Chick-Fil-A's Facebook page.
Acts of Vigilantism
Vigilante Detroit residents attack suspected rapist after police fail to act.
The Detroit residents took matters into their own hands when law enforcement took their time on prosecuting a suspected rape within their district. However, a group of residents attacked the unidentified 43-year-old male twice on Aug 5. Considering that, this individual was responsible fo ...
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice P.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
.
FIVE DEFENDANTS INDICTED FOR SELLING HEROIN AND FENTANYL THAT LED TO THE DEAT...Adam Francis
BUFFALO, N.Y. - U.S. Attorney James P. Kennedy, Jr. announced today that a federal grand jury has returned a 23-count indictment charging four defendants with conspiracy to distribute one kilogram or more of heroin and 400 grams or more of fentanyl. Charged in the conspiracy are:
• Robert Moore, a/k/a Fonz, a/k/a Charmy, 39 of Williamsville, NY;
• Reese Moore, a/k/a Detroit, 25 of Buffalo; NY
• Kevin Abernathy, a/k/a B, 31 also of Buffalo; and
• Joshua Levine, 21 of Lancaster, NY.
Human Trafficking in the 21st Century – Emerge Presentationemergeuwf
This HIP project builds on the 2014 Emerge HIP project entitled “From the Underground Railroad to Modern Day Human Trafficking” by addressing regional human trafficking concerns relevant to social work practice in our geographic area and aligns with the regional comprehensive mission and scope set forth by the University of West Florida (UWF).
Every year, millions of children literally disappear into thin air. One of the best places to eliminate child trafficking in the world is miles above it.
Join Airline Ambassadors Hero Force. We Are A Nation Of Airline Flight Attendants, Pilots, Counter and Gate Representatives, Ground Personnel, Law Enforcement, Airport Security, Retail and Volunteers – and the concerned public – all committed to putting an end to Child Trafficking, the #2 crime on Earth – and saving children’s lives every day.
Once again, the top immigration news stories showed the national division on immigration issues. Without a public consensus, immigration reform remains stymied. The August 2015 Immigration News Top Ten Slide Share Presentation reflects this lack of clarity. Selected for inclusion in this month’s immigration news roundup are the following topics:
• Origin And Community: Asian And Latin American Youth And U.S. Deportation Relief
• Border Jails Facing Bond Defaults As Immigration Boom Goes Bust
• Central American Radio Stations Are Playing Anti-Immigration Songs Paid By The U.S. Government
• 15 Reasons Why Trump’s Plan To End Birthright Citizenship Is A Horrible Idea
• Filipino Immigrants In The United States
• Vandals May Be Targeting Emergency Water Stations At The Border
• Unauthorized Immigrants Paid $100 Billion Into Social Security Over Last Decade
• Immigration Judges Are Burning Out Faster Than Prison Wardens And Hospital Doctors
• El Salvador Declares Street Gangs As Terrorist Groups, Supreme Court Rules
• A Human Immigration Policy For A Nation Of Immigrants
City Attorney Dennis Herrera sent a pre-litigation demand letter and draft complaint to McDonald's Corporation this afternoon, informing the Oak Brook, Ill.-based fast-food giant of its civil liability for violations of the California Drug Abatement Act and Unfair Competition Law at the property it owns in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury neighborhood.
The letter and complaint sent to President and CEO Steve Easterbrook detail the bases for which McDonald's Corporation could be held legally accountable for the lawlessness harbored at its 730 Stanyan Street property, where its franchisee has defiantly refused to abate problems related to drug trafficking and other public nuisances. The McDonald's location "has generated nearly 1,100 calls for service" to the San Francisco Police Department since January 2012, according to Herrera's letter -- more than any other business in the area. Criminal activity includes arrests for sale and possession of LSD, psychedelic mushrooms, hashish, marijuana, and marijuana edibles as well as dozens of incidents involving fights, assaults, auto burglaries and even two dog attacks.
Herrera expressed "hope to enlist your assistance to resolve the public nuisance conditions" to McDonald's President and CEO, but was unequivocal in his intention to file suit if necessary, both to abate conditions plaguing the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood and to pursue injunctive relief, civil penalties, and attorneys' fees.
1. Dan White had been elected as a city supervisor of San Francisco..docxcorbing9ttj
1. Dan White had been elected as a city supervisor of San Francisco. White resigned on November 10, 1978. Four days later, he changed his mind and asked Mayor George Moscone to reappoint him to his former position. The mayor refused. On the morning of November 27, White confronted the mayor and demanded to be reappointed. When the mayor refused, White shot the mayor five times. White reloaded his gun, walked across the hall to City Supervisor Harvey Milk's office, and shot him four times. Milk was a leader in San Francisco's gay community with whom White frequently clashed. After shooting Moscone and Milk, White fled but shortly thereafter went to the police and confessed. He was charged with first degree murder. During the trial psychologists called by the defense testified that White's behavior was the result of long term depression excaberated by a craving for junk food. They testified that White's judgement and ability to control his behavior were altered by the huge amount of sugar he had consumerd the night before the killings. The so called Twinkie defense worked. White was convicted of voluntary manslaughter instead of first degree murder on May 21, 1979, he was sentenced to a prison term of 7 years to 7 years, 8 months. White was released from prison after serving 5 years, 1 month, and 9 days of his sentence. He committed suicide on Octiver 21, 1985.
a. What is the legal rationale for accepted legal defenses against or excuses from criminal responsibility? Do you agree with the rationale?
b. Should all legal defenses or excuses be abilished? Why or why not?
2. The sexual assault and murder of 7 year old Megan Kanka in New Jersey October 31, 1994, struck a national nerve. Megan was assaulted and killed by a neighbor, Jesse Timmendequas, who had twice been convicted of similar sex offenses and was on parole. In response to the crime and public uproar, the state of New Jerseyenacted 'Megan's Law.' The law, as originally passed, required sex offenders, upon their release from prison to register with New Jersey law enforcement authorities, who are to notify the public about their release. The public was to be provided with the offender's name, a recent photograph, a physical description, a list of the offenses for which he or she was convicted, the offender's current address and place of employement or school, and the offender's automobile license plate number. The Supreme Court has upheld Megan's Law.
Currently, all 50 states and the federal government have Megan's Law that require sex offenders released from prison to register with local law enforcement authorities. Many of those laws, like New Jersey, require that the law enforcements officials to use the information to notify schools and day care centers and in some cases, the sex offenders neighbors. In 1997, California enacted a law allowing citizens access to a CD ROM with detailed information of 64,000 sex offenders living in California who had committed a broad range.
Ethical ScrapbookTeam BCJA324 Ethics in Criminal JusticeJ.docxgitagrimston
Ethical Scrapbook
Team B
CJA/324 Ethics in Criminal Justice
James Beeks
2/5/2015
Contemporary Ethics
Do we pursue our own happiness, or do we sacrifice ourselves for a greater cause? Samaritans everyday preform actions that affect others- from one to one million. These actions may range from;
Random acts of kindness
Acts of vigilantism
Acts of civil disobedience
Criminal acts committed by professionals in the course of their employment
This scrapbook voyages through all of the bulleted concepts of contemporary ethics and the people who made the difference.
Random Acts of Kindness
Random acts of kindness
cab driver stunned for $1,000 tip for a 2 minute cab ride
Pizza shop, Customers Giveaway 8,400 Slices to Philly
At Rosa’s Fresh Pizza, the multitude of sticky notes spanning the restaurants’’ walls has nothing to do with memos and everything to do with uniting the community in caring for its poorest residents. Mason Wartman, the owner of the Philadelphia pizza parlor, is gains national attention for his unique business model of giving back. Customers at Rosa’s can choose to buy a slice for a homeless person for just another dollar. Yes just $1. After donating the dollar, customers can choose to write a heartfelt message on the sticky note, and add it to the parlors wall.
Getting from point A to point B was anything but routine for this cabbie. Oumar Maiga, a driver for Freedom Taxi in Philadelphia, picked up a passenger last month, and took them to their destination- which was less than a two minute drive. When it was time to pay the $4.31 fare, the passenger left an astounding $989.98 tip. Maiga was stunned by the massive donation. Maiga continuously asked the patron if they had made a mistake and the patron replied “I meant to give you that much”.
Random acts of kindness cont.
Random acts of kindness
Chick-Fil-A Owner Gives His Own Gloves and Free Food to Man In Need
This fast food owner believes in service with a side of selflessness. A man with his possessions strapped to his back entered a Chick-Fil-A restaurant in Birmingham, Alabama, and approached owner-operator Mark Meadows. The homeless man walked up to Meadows and asked “if there was anything he could do to earn a little food".
Meadows were concerned for the man, who had just come from the freezing temperatures outside, and wanted to make sure he stayed warm. So the owner decided to give him a free meal and also handed over his own pair of gloves. The moving moment was captured by a customer who witnessed the interaction and shared the photo on Chick-Fil-A's Facebook page.
Acts of Vigilantism
Vigilante Detroit residents attack suspected rapist after police fail to act.
The Detroit residents took matters into their own hands when law enforcement took their time on prosecuting a suspected rape within their district. However, a group of residents attacked the unidentified 43-year-old male twice on Aug 5. Considering that, this individual was responsible fo ...
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice P.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
.
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice Pshpopkinkz
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
...
Study: Millions of Americans Go To Court Without a LawyerMark_Carnell
Countless movies and TV shows include a scene where a police officer arrests an alleged criminal and reads them the Miranda warning. Actors playing the role of police officers say, “You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed.”
Differences betweenCivil and Criminal Law in the USA Copyright.docxcuddietheresa
Differences between
Civil and Criminal Law in the USA
Copyright 1998 by Ronald B. Standler
Introduction
Criminal law is much better known to laymen than civil law, as a result of journalists' reports of famous criminal trials. In talking with people about law, I find that they often misapply principles from criminal law to situations in civil (e.g., tort) law, which results in their misunderstanding. They are surprised when they learn the actual legal principles that apply to a problem. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast criminal and civil law.
In civil law, a private party (e.g., a corporation or individual person) files the lawsuit and becomes the plaintiff. In criminal law, the litigation is always filed by the government, who is called the prosecution.
Punishment
One of the most fundamental distinctions between civil and criminal law is in the notion of punishment.
Criminal law
In criminal law, a guilty defendant is punished by either (1) incarceration in a jail or prison, (2) fine paid to the government, or, in exceptional cases, (3) execution of the defendant: the death penalty. Crimes are divided into two broad classes: felonies have a maximum possible sentence of more than one year incarceration, misdemeanors have a maximum possible sentence of less than one year incarceration.
Civil law
In contrast, a defendant in civil litigation is never incarcerated and never executed. In general, a losing defendant in civil litigation only reimburses the plaintiff for losses caused by the defendant's behavior.
So-called punitive damages are never awarded in a civil case under contract law. In a civil case under tort law, there is a possibility of punitive damages, if the defendant's conduct is egregious and
had either (1) a malicious intent (i.e., desire to cause harm), (2) gross negligence (i.e., conscious indifference), or (3) a willful disregard for the rights of others. The use of punitive damages makes a public example of the defendant and supposedly deters future wrongful conduct by others. Punitive damages are particularly important in torts involving dignitary harms (e.g., invasion of privacy) and civil rights, where the actual monetary injury to plaintiff(s) may be small.
One can purchase insurance that will pay damages and attorney's fees for tort claims. Such insurance coverage is a standard part of homeowner's insurance policies, automobile insurance, and insurance for businesses. In contrast, it is not possible for a defendant to purchase insurance to pay for his/her criminal acts.
While a court can order a defendant to pay damages, the plaintiff may receive nothing if the defendant has no assets and no insurance, or if the defendant is skillful in concealing assets. In this way, large awards for plaintiffs in tort cases are often an illusion.
Effect of punishment
The notion that the threat of punishment will deter criminal conduct is based on the principle that human beings are rational. In practice, ...
Differences betweenCivil and Criminal Law in the USA Copyright.docxmariona83
Differences between
Civil and Criminal Law in the USA
Copyright 1998 by Ronald B. Standler
Introduction
Criminal law is much better known to laymen than civil law, as a result of journalists' reports of famous criminal trials. In talking with people about law, I find that they often misapply principles from criminal law to situations in civil (e.g., tort) law, which results in their misunderstanding. They are surprised when they learn the actual legal principles that apply to a problem. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast criminal and civil law.
In civil law, a private party (e.g., a corporation or individual person) files the lawsuit and becomes the plaintiff. In criminal law, the litigation is always filed by the government, who is called the prosecution.
Punishment
One of the most fundamental distinctions between civil and criminal law is in the notion of punishment.
Criminal law
In criminal law, a guilty defendant is punished by either (1) incarceration in a jail or prison, (2) fine paid to the government, or, in exceptional cases, (3) execution of the defendant: the death penalty. Crimes are divided into two broad classes: felonies have a maximum possible sentence of more than one year incarceration, misdemeanors have a maximum possible sentence of less than one year incarceration.
Civil law
In contrast, a defendant in civil litigation is never incarcerated and never executed. In general, a losing defendant in civil litigation only reimburses the plaintiff for losses caused by the defendant's behavior.
So-called punitive damages are never awarded in a civil case under contract law. In a civil case under tort law, there is a possibility of punitive damages, if the defendant's conduct is egregious and
had either (1) a malicious intent (i.e., desire to cause harm), (2) gross negligence (i.e., conscious indifference), or (3) a willful disregard for the rights of others. The use of punitive damages makes a public example of the defendant and supposedly deters future wrongful conduct by others. Punitive damages are particularly important in torts involving dignitary harms (e.g., invasion of privacy) and civil rights, where the actual monetary injury to plaintiff(s) may be small.
One can purchase insurance that will pay damages and attorney's fees for tort claims. Such insurance coverage is a standard part of homeowner's insurance policies, automobile insurance, and insurance for businesses. In contrast, it is not possible for a defendant to purchase insurance to pay for his/her criminal acts.
While a court can order a defendant to pay damages, the plaintiff may receive nothing if the defendant has no assets and no insurance, or if the defendant is skillful in concealing assets. In this way, large awards for plaintiffs in tort cases are often an illusion.
Effect of punishment
The notion that the threat of punishment will deter criminal conduct is based on the principle that human beings are rational. In practice,.
Defendants’ reply brief in response to plaintiff’s response brief and in supp...
Martina Vandenberg Keynote Presentation
1. Justice for
Trafficking Victims
in the United States
{
THISTLE FARMS
NATIONAL CONFERENCE
October 15, 2013
Martina E. Vandenberg
THE HUMAN TRAFFICKING
PRO BONO LEGAL CENTER
8. In November 2010, two Boca Raton residents pled
guilty to holding 39 Filipino workers in forced labor in
local country clubs.
9. U.S. Government Prosecutions
Source: The Attorney General’s Annual Report to Congress and
Assessment of U.S. Government Activities to Combat Trafficking in
Persons, FY 2010
10. U.S. Government Prosecutions
Source: The Attorney General’s Annual Report to Congress and
Assessment of U.S. Government Activities to Combat Trafficking in
Persons, FY 2011
11. U.S. Government Prosecutions
2012
Total Federal Prosecutions in United States Initiated for
Forced Labor and Adult Sex Trafficking: 55
Total Federal Prosecutions in the United States Initiated for
Child Sex Trafficking: 73
Total Federal Trafficking Cases
Prosecuted in 2012:
128
Source: The Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report June
2013, U.S. Chapter Report
12. ILO
2012 Global Estimate:
20.9 million
State-imposed Forced Labor: 2.2 million
Forced Labor for sexual exploitation: 4.5 million
Forced Labor for labor exploitation: 14.2 million
14. Since 2000,
• foreign victims
trafficked to the
United States
received immigration
legal services;
• U.S. citizen and LPR
victims received no
legal services.
15. •
•
•
•
In FY 2010, the U.S.
Government issued 447
T-visas to trafficking
victims.
In FY 2011, the U.S.
Government issued 557
T-visas to trafficking
victims.
In FY 2012, the U.S.
Government issued 674
T-visas to trafficking
victims.
There are 5,000
available each year.
18. U.S. v. Sabhnani, et al.
Long Island, New York
•
•
•
•
A victim was found in a Dunkin’ Donuts store in Syosset,
New York, wearing rags and with open wounds behind her
ears.
ICE obtained a search warrant and found a second victim
hiding in a closet under the basement stairs in the
defendants’ $2 million home.
The two women, both from Indonesia, had been held in the
defendants’ home, one for five years, the second for two
years.
Both defendants convicted on forced labor and related
conspiracy charges.
Source: Department of Justice Civil Rights Division Press Release
19. •Mrs. Varsha Sabhnani
sentenced to 11 years
imprisonment.
•Mr. Mahender Sabhnani
sentenced to 3 1/3 years
imprisonment.
•Defendants were ordered
to pay $936,546.22 in
criminal restitution.
20. When the U.S. Government
brings a trafficking
prosecution under the
TVPRA,
Criminal Restitution
is mandatory under
18 U.S.C. 1593
21. Definition of “full amount of the victim’s
losses” under TVPRA, 18 U.S.C. 1593
…the term “full amount of the victim’s losses”
… shall in addition include the greater of the
gross income or value to the defendant of
the victim’s services or labor or the value
of the victim’s labor as guaranteed under the
minimum wage and overtime guarantees of the
Fair Labor Standards Act.
22. Definition of “full amount of the victim’s losses”
under
TVPRA, 18 U.S.C. 1593:
Definition.— For purposes of this subsection, the term “full amount of
the victim’s losses” includes any costs incurred by the victim for—
(A) medical services relating to physical, psychiatric, or psychological
care;
(B) physical and occupational therapy or rehabilitation;
(C) necessary transportation, temporary housing, and child care
expenses;
(D) lost income;
(E) attorneys’ fees, as well as other costs incurred; and
(F) any other losses suffered by the victim as a proximate result of the
offense.
23. U.S. v. Dennis Paris, et al.
Criminal No. 3:06CR64(CFD)
District of Connecticut
• Defendants trafficked young women and girls into forced
prostitution over a five-year period;
• The youngest trafficking victim was 14;
• One trafficker sold two women to another trafficker for
$1,200;
• Ten defendants indicted in a 64-count indictment, including
child sex trafficking charges;
24. Restitution in Sex Trafficking Cases
U.S. v. Paris
U.S. District Court, District of Connecticut
Criminal No. 3:06CR64(CFD)
Nine of ten defendants pled guilty;
• Paris convicted to trafficking under 1591 and
sentenced to 30 years (360 months) incarceration, 5
years of supervised release; and
• Paris ordered to pay $46,116 in restitution to victims.
But one victim estimated that she had earned more than
$1 million.
•
27. U.S. v. Bakilana
U.S. District Court for
the Eastern District of Virginia
•
•
•
Defendant, a World Bank employee, allowed to plead
guilty to lying to the FBI;
The plea agreement included $41,000 in restitution for
back wages;
Prepayment required into an escrow account before
sentencing complete.
28. U.S. v. Edwards
011-CR-0316, District of Maryland, Greenbelt
•
•
•
•
•
Defendants pled guilty to alien
harboring;
Paid $50,000 into escrow account before
sentencing;
Court held two-day sentencing hearing;
Liquidated damages for unpaid wages
included in restitution order;
Restitution paid under 18 USC §1593.
29. United States v. Alexander, et al.
3:10-cr-5435 (2010)
Western District of Washington
•
•
•
•
•
Three defendants indicted under 18 U.S.C.
1591(sex trafficking of a child under 18);
Alexander pled guilty and was sentenced to 108
months imprisonment, three years supervised
release, and ordered to pay $130,000 in restitution;
Prosecutors had requested $260,000 in restitution;
A second victim was awarded $7,000 in restitution;
A third victim received no restitution.
30. Mandatory Criminal Restitution
Advocacy under 18 U.S.C. §1593
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Maximize the criminal restitution order;
Use experts on wage rates and the victims’ “losses”;
Calculate the value to the defendant of the victim’s
forced labor or services;
Invoke IRS Notice 12-2012;
Insist that plea agreements include restitution order;
Make sentencing contingent upon pre-payment into
an escrow account;
Argue to include liquidated damages in forced labor
wage calculations.
34. Private Right of Action:18 U.S.C. §1595
(a) An individual who is a victim of a violation of this chapter may
bring a civil action against the perpetrator (or whoever knowingly
benefits, financially or by receiving anything of value from
participation in a venture which that person knew or should have
known has engaged in an act in violation of this chapter) in an
appropriate district court of the United States and may recover
damages and reasonable attorneys fees.
(b)
(1) Any civil action filed under this section shall be stayed during the
pendency of any criminal action arising out of the same occurrence in
which the claimant is the victim.
(2) In this subsection, a “criminal action” includes investigation and
prosecution and is pending until final adjudication in the trial court.
(c) No action may be maintained under this section unless it is
commenced not later than 10 years after the cause of action arose.
***Original statute passed in 2003, as amended.
35. Only 99 federal civil cases filed
under
18 U.S.C. 1595 since 2003
TVPRA Amendments
37. Outcomes in 99 Federal Civil Cases under
18 U.S.C. 1595
9%
Voluntarily
Dismissed (9)
9%
Settled (35)
Judgment for
Plaintiff (6)
32%
36%
Default Judgment
(8)
Ongoing (32)
8%
6%
Source: The Human Trafficking Pro Bono Legal Center
Dismissed or
Judgment for
Defendant (9)
38. Case
Facts
Aguilar v. Imperial
Nurseries, 2008 WL
2572250 (D. Conn. May
28, 2008)
Twelve Guatemalan plaintiffs
obtained lawful visas to work
planting in North Carolina, but
instead transported to
Connecticut, forced to work at tree
nursery for 78 hours a week and
little pay. Passports confiscated and
travel restricted--threatened with
arrest, imprisonment, and
deportation.
Mazengo v. Mzengi, No. 07756 (D.D.C. 2008)
Passport confiscated, forced to cook
meals, clean, do laundry, and care
for children. Forced to cook food for
catering company. Cut off from
contact with outside world.
Threatened and never paid.
Pena Canal v. de la Rose
Dann, 2010 U.S. Dist.
LEXIS 97856 (N.D. Cal.
Sept. 2, 2010)
Peruvian Plaintiff promised high
wage and private living space for
housework. Instead had passport
confiscated, threatened with
deportation, worked 15 hours/day 7
days/wk cleaning, caring for three
children, cooking, and cleaning
houses for defendant's real estate
business. Forced to sleep on living
room floor and kept from
communicating with family in Peru.
Duration of Labor
Judgment
3 Months
$3,000/day Compensatory (Forced
Labor)
$6,000/day Punitive
$300,000 Trafficking Damages Total
Awards Range from $371,000 to
$827,000 per person
4 Years
$510,249.21 in treble damages under
the Maryland Wage and Hour Law;
$45,101.69 in compensatory damages
for unjust enrichment;
$19,961.64 in compensatory damages
for fraudulent inducement;
$250,000.00 in compensatory damages
for emotional distress; $150,000.00 in
punitive damages; $84,036.25 in
attorney’s fees
Total Award = $1,059,348.79
1 Year, 9 Months
Assumed hourly wage of $23.70.
$340,746.75 wages (increased by labor
code penalties; reduced by criminal
restitution order of $123,740.34)
$92,400 emotional distress
$309,406.41 punitive
Total Award = $618,812.82
39. Pioneering Areas of Pro Bono
Representation of Trafficking Victims:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Representation in Criminal Cases
Vacatur and Expungement
Civil Litigation under 18 USC 1595
Sex Trafficking Civil Litigation
Enforcement of Criminal Restitution
Orders
6. Tax Advice and Financial Literacy
Training
7. Litigation against Diplomats
40. Why Do A Civil Trafficking Suit?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Provides an opportunity for a
trafficking survivor to regain control
over his/her life;
Provides an opportunity to collect all
damages, not just those permitted
under the federal restitution statute;
Provides a trafficking survivor with a
day in court where the government
does not bring criminal case;
Provides an opportunity to hold
unindicted perpetrators and coconspirators accountable;
Creates a financial deterrent for
traffickers; and
Provides economic independence to
survivors of human trafficking.
41. Martina E. Vandenberg
President
The Human Trafficking Pro Bono Legal
Center
Tel: 202-716-8485
mvandenberg@htprobono.org
www.tahirih.org/htprobono/