2. OBJECTIVES:
• Discuss the harmful short-term and long-term effects
of substance use and abuse on the individual, family,
school, and community;
• Explain the health, socio -cultural, psychological,
legal, and economic dimensions of substance use
and abuse;
• Discuss strategies in the prevention and control of
substance use and abuse;
• Apply decision-making and resistance skills to
prevent substance use and abuse (in real-life-given
3. Real Life Story About Drug Abuse
In fast few year, my goal in life was getting high. I was falling in a
downward spiral towards to the point of nowhere. Over the years, I turned
to used cocaine, marijuana and alcohol under the myth and
misconception of it. I though it allows me to escape my problems but just
made things worse and further add more problems which are even
harder to solve. I had everything, a job with a good salary, a loving and
caring family but I felt so empty inside. Over twenty years of using it, I
kept saying to myself, I am going to stop using it permanently and it
never happened again.
4. Drug Scenario in the Philippines
In the Philippines, drug use and abuse are a
social and health concern. Poverty has become
an increasing cause for involvement in the illegal
drug trade. Foreign drug syndicates take
advantage and exploit the poor and use
promises of “easy money” to entice the people
to serve as couriers and runners.
5. WHAT IS DRUG?
·A drug is a chemical substance that brings
about physical, emotional or behavioral change
in a person taking it.
·Is any substance other than food or water that
is intended to be taken or administered for the
purpose of altering, sustaining or controlling the
recipients physical, mental or emotional state.
6. Two types of Drugs:
Over-the-counter (OIC) drugs are drugs which
do not need prescription in buying.
Over-the-counter (OIC)
7. Two types of Drugs:
Prescription drugs are restricted drugs that can
only be purchased legally
when prescribed by physicians. These drugs are
controlled substances as they
are usually abused. They are dangerous when not
properly used. Most of these
Substances are psychoactive drugs affecting the
central nervous system. They
change moods, feelings, personality, and behavior
Prescription drugs
8. WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE?
Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance, licit or illicit, resulting to
individual’s physical, mental, or social impairment.
It may refer to any of the following practices:
·Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs which have the capacity to
alter the mood or behavior.
·Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from the one from which
the drug has been prescribed.
·Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical application or
purposes other than research.
9. WHAT ARE THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF
DRUGS?
Pharmacological classification
Pharmacological classification-
classifies drugs based on how
they affect biological systems.
They can be classified as:
·Stimulants
·Depressants
·Hallucinogens
·Volatile solvents.
Legal classification
.Legal classification-drugs are
classified based on the harms
they cause to the user or to
society when used illegally.
10. WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE
SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE?
It is greatly important to protect ana prevent the youth from getting into
drugs. The following table shows the risk Factors to avoid and
protective factors to understand in order to help young people avoid
drugs.
11. RISK FACTORS OF YOUNG PEOPLE
VULNERABLE TO DRUG ABUSE
• Lack of self-respect - belief that they are unworthy of love and respect. They
have no confidence and succumb to negative peer pressure.
• Unable to express emotions in healthful ways cannot cope with stress, anger,
and depression. They believe drugs make feelings numb.
• Peers using drugs users tend to Continuously pressure others to also use
these substances.
• Accessibility to drugs temptation is greater when there is availability of drugs,
like drugs being sold in the neighborhood, in school, or by friends.
12. RISK FACTORS OF YOUNG PEOPLE
VULNERABLE TO DRUG ABUSE
• Unable to delay gratification-drug use gives a mood of instant
gratification or instant pleasure without regard to its
harmful effects.
• ·Peer rejection, feeling of rejection by peers may cause teenagers
turn to drug use to fit in or to overwhelm feeling of loneliness.
• Drug-dependent biological family member – some individuals
inherit genes that increase chances to develop conditions like
alcoholism.
13. PROTECTIVE FACTORS AGAINST
DRUG ABUSE
• Self-respect confidence leads to responsible decisions and helps
neglect negative peer pressure
• Practice resistance skills being able say "no" and not give in to
pressure of drug Use.
• Friends not involve a in drug misuse and abuse-drug-free friends
do not pressure and will not lead friends to temptation of trying
drugs.
• ·Able to delay gratification – people with self-control recognize now
drugs will ruin long term goals and cause negative consequences.
14. PROTECTIVE FACTORS AGAINST
DRUG ABUSE
• Set goals and planning - having goals will likely evaluate consequences of
one's actions. They can recognize drug use as a hindrance to goals and
affect one's future
• Healthful family relationships- having close family ties and supportive
parents and mentors motivate the young to behave responsibly
• Positive role models a role mode who shows how to be successful without
the necessity of using drugs.
• Stress management skills – managing stress through healthful ways.
People with these skills will recognize that drug use aggravates stress.
15. ·also called as “downers” or “barbs”
·any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of any bodily function. The term
most often used to refer to drugs that reduce the activity of the central nervous
system
·Higher doses of these drugs would cause impaired memory, judgment, and
coordination; paranoia and Suicidal tendencies; and coma or death.
DEPRESSANTS
16. a. tranquilizers-cause mild effects and are used for anxiety
b. barbiturates more potent depressants used for sleep disorder
and seizures
c. hypnotics - the strongest of the depressants
DEPRESSANTS
17. ·also known as "pain killers," are drugs which slow down the central nervous
system and often prescribed by physicians as analgesics or drugs that relieve
pain.
·These drugs slow down body functions like breathing and heart rate.
·Use of narcotic drugs should only be done with the supervision of a physician.
NARCOTICS
18. Types of narcotics:
A.Opium - made from seedpod of the poppy plants which produces euphoric
erects or unconsciousness lasting for hours.
B.Morphine – a widely-used painkiller derived from opium.
·Often used after surgery or for cancer cases.
·A small dose relieves pain while large dose induces sleep.
NARCOTICS
19. Types of narcotics:
A.Opium - made from seedpod of the poppy plants which produces euphoric
erects or unconsciousness lasting for hours.
B.Morphine – a widely-used painkiller derived from opium.
·Often used after surgery or for cancer cases.
·A small dose relieves pain while large dose induces sleep.
NARCOTICS
20. Types of narcotics:
A.Opium - made from seedpod of the poppy plants which produces euphoric
erects or unconsciousness lasting for hours.
B.Morphine – a widely-used painkiller derived from opium.
·Often used after surgery or for cancer cases.
·A small dose relieves pain while large dose induces sleep.
NARCOTICS
21. Types of narcotics:
C. Heroin – heroin was initially developed from morphine as treatment for
tuberculosis and cure for morphine addiction.
·It is highly addictive with an awful withdrawal effect like sweating, chills, diarrhe
abdominal pain, and cramps in the legs Severe mental and emotional anguish i
also experienced.
·To stop these symptoms, users need to take another dose of the drug. Regula
use increases tolerance which in turn furthers the dose intake, which would lead
NARCOTICS
22. Medical uses of narcotics:
·Used as analgesic to relieve pain
·Used to treat diarrhea
·Used as cough suppressant - narcotics in cough suppressants
slow down the activity of the cough control center located in the
medulla of the brain
NARCOTICS
23. ·Also called “psychedelics”
·First developed as appetite suppressant
·Any natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce marked distortion
the senses and changes in perception
·Ex: MJ, LSD, Ecstasy, Ketamine
·drugs which interfere with our senses and cause hallucinations.
·They bring imagined sights, sounds, or feelings and may result to memory
loss, personality changes, non-performance of normal activities, or losing tra
HALLUCINOGEN
S
24. ·Non-medical inhalants are uncontrolled drugs.
·Most abused inhalants are easily accessible because they are not produced
to be inhaled. They are commonhousehold products, construction and
industrialsupplies, beauty products, and medical supplies found at home and
at the workplace.
·They deliver a very quick high, by sniffing, huffing or bagging from balloons,
aerosol cans and othercontainers, but usually last only for a few minutes.
INHALANTS
25. ·Harmful effects to health of these chemicals are permanent brain damage,
leukemia, poisoning, mentaldysfunction, damaged heart and kidney, or even
sudden
death.
·Some types of inhalants include rugby, nail polish remover, gasoline, nitrous
oxide or laughing gas, and furniture polish.
INHALANTS
26. ·Harmful effects to health of these chemicals are permanent brain damage,
leukemia, poisoning, mentaldysfunction, damaged heart and kidney, or even
sudden
death.
·Some types of inhalants include rugby, nail polish remover, gasoline, nitrous
oxide or laughing gas, and furniture polish.
INHALANTS
28. MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS
1. Drug addiction is a voluntary behavior.
Starting Out drug Use is a voluntary decision but frequently use leads to a
compulsive drug user.
2. Drug addiction is a character imperfection.
Drug addiction affects the brain every type of abused drug has a way of
changing the functions or the brain.
3. You have to want drug treatment for it to be effective
Essentially, no one wants a drug treatment. People seeking drug treatment
have two primary reasons: a court order and an urge from loved ones.
29. MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS
4. Drug addiction treatment has to be a one-time deal.
Drug addiction typically is a chronic disorder like many other illnesses. Others
are able to quickly end drug use by just being at a rehabilitation facility once.
5. We should discover "something" that can treat all kinds of drug abuse.
Various problems associated with drug abuse may respond differently to
similar treatments.
6. Abusers can end drug use if they really want to and no treatment is
needed.
Studies show that long-term drug use affects the brain making a user crave
more for drugs and thus makes quitting harder.
30. EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE
Effects of Drug Abuse on the family
·Family pain. Family members feel anger, frustration, guilt, and shame, which may increase as
their loved one’s drug problems worsen.
·Physical health problems. Family members may experience health problems such as tension
and headaches, increased blood pressure, sexual problems, and physical abuse.
·Separation of family members. Continued family woes, caused by using drugs, may end in
break-up. Separation may also be due to a family member being away to undergo treatment
and rehabilitation.
·Financial troubles. Family finances can be used unwisely on drug dependence and
addiction. It also pays the high cost of treatment and rehabilitation.
·Negligence of duties and responsibilities. A member of the family using drugs focuses on
drugs and may neglect his or her role in the family.
31. EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE
Effects of Drug Abuse on the School
·Reduced academic performance and achievement. People abusing drugs tend to
care less and less about schooling and loses focus easily. Drug use also causes
tardiness and absenteeism that may lead to dropping out of school. Students who
are friends of thedrug user are also affected as well as the teacher who worries
about his/her students.
·Increased violence in school. Drug use affects the mental health and may
increase risk for violence and even homicidal behavior.
·Disrespectful to school policies and authorities. Drug users often disregard the
32. EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE
Effects of Drug Abuse on the Community
·High prevalence of crimes. To financially avail drugs, users may resort to stealing,
robbery or snatching. Under the influence of drugs, users sometimes perform
criminal acts like assault, murder, and rape.
·Increased number of accidents. Slow reaction and affected judgment under the
influence of drugs leads to unwanted and disastrous incidents. This is evident in car
accidents and accidental falls.
·Government funds loss to drug-related operations. Big amount of finance is used by
government agencies to counter illegal drugs and treat and rehabilitate users.
33. ALTERNATIVES TO DRUG USE
1.Sports.
·Playing physical games is a great activity that will help a person feel energetic,
positive, and self-confident Participation in sports requires time and devotion.
2.Volunteering.
·Volunteering and helping other people and the community will give a person a
satisfying and good feeling of himself/herself.
3.Clubs or Organization.
·Participating in a club or organization is a great way for a person to meet
other like-minded people. This will help person feel a sense or belongingness and
connection to others.
34. Assessment
Direction: Make a Video presentation in Correcting myths and
misconceptions about substance use and abuse. You may
Search the following link below for your references.
