Management
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Management involves achieving organizational goals through effective use of resources. It is both a science and an art, combining knowledge and skills. The document defines management according to several experts and discusses the importance, characteristics, levels, functions, challenges, and conclusion of management.
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Management PPT By GEOSPHIN GEORGE
Management involves individuals who make decisions about how a business operates. It is defined as maintaining an environment where individuals work together efficiently to achieve goals. Management is a goal-oriented, pervasive, group activity that occurs continuously and dynamically. Management objectives include organizational, social, and personal goals. Management helps achieve these goals by increasing efficiency and creating a dynamic organization. Management occurs at three levels - top, middle, and lower. Its main functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Coordination is essential to management as it ensures continuity across all business activities and increases group efforts.
Mngmt
Management refers to the organization and coordination of work towards defined goals through the elements of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. It can be viewed as a noun describing those in supervisory roles, a process of what managers do, or a discipline and body of knowledge. Management is a universal process that is essential to any group activity from families to businesses. While it has characteristics of both a science and an art, management involves both systematic principles and their practical application requiring skill, creativity, and experience.
businees management
This document provides an introduction to business management. It discusses the characteristics of management, including that it is a goal-oriented, group activity that is continuous and dynamic. It also discusses management as an art, science, and profession. The document outlines the levels and functions of management, as well as principles of management. It distinguishes between management and administration, noting their different nature, authority levels, usages, and main functions. Finally, it provides a brief summary of management.
Business Management by - Ibrahim Vishal - MV
- Management is defined as the process of getting things done through others with the effective use of available resources. It involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling organizational resources including people, money, materials, and machines.
- Management is considered both an art and a science. It is an art because it requires skills, knowledge, and experience. It is a science because it develops principles and laws that can be applied in managing organizational activities and goals.
- Management aims to achieve predetermined objectives through organized group activities and the coordination of production factors such as land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. It is a continuous process that directs an organization towards common goals.
Management assignment help
This document defines management and discusses its key concepts, functions, importance, and levels. Management is defined as planning, leading, organizing, and controlling resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently. The four main functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves deciding goals and actions in advance. Organizing is grouping people into departments based on tasks. Leading includes issuing instructions, motivating employees, and supervision. Controlling establishes performance standards and takes corrective actions. There are three levels of management - first line managers supervise employees, middle managers organize resources, and top managers set goals and monitor performance.
Management
Management involves activities, processes, academic study, and groups working toward goals. It has universal characteristics including being goal-oriented, an intangible driving force, present throughout organizations, a continuous process, and adaptable to changes. Management aims to achieve objectives through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.
Ppt saurav
This document defines management as the process of coordinating work activities through people to efficiently achieve organizational goals. It discusses management as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The types of management are defined as top-level, middle-level, and lower-level. The importance of management includes achieving group goals, optimizing resource use, fulfilling social obligations, and promoting stability and human development. The functions of management are outlined as planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, and controlling.
Management concepts introduction
This document defines management and its key concepts. It provides several definitions of management from different experts that describe it as the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. The document outlines that management is a field of study, a profession, and a process involving managerial activities. It also lists the main characteristics of management as a process that involves group effort and aims to achieve objectives. The core functions of management are identified as planning, organizing, directing, controlling and coordinating. The document concludes that management has elements of both an art and a science.
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Management PPT By GEOSPHIN GEORGE
Management involves individuals who make decisions about how a business operates. It is defined as maintaining an environment where individuals work together efficiently to achieve goals. Management is a goal-oriented, pervasive, group activity that occurs continuously and dynamically. Management objectives include organizational, social, and personal goals. Management helps achieve these goals by increasing efficiency and creating a dynamic organization. Management occurs at three levels - top, middle, and lower. Its main functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Coordination is essential to management as it ensures continuity across all business activities and increases group efforts.
Mngmt
Management refers to the organization and coordination of work towards defined goals through the elements of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. It can be viewed as a noun describing those in supervisory roles, a process of what managers do, or a discipline and body of knowledge. Management is a universal process that is essential to any group activity from families to businesses. While it has characteristics of both a science and an art, management involves both systematic principles and their practical application requiring skill, creativity, and experience.
businees management
This document provides an introduction to business management. It discusses the characteristics of management, including that it is a goal-oriented, group activity that is continuous and dynamic. It also discusses management as an art, science, and profession. The document outlines the levels and functions of management, as well as principles of management. It distinguishes between management and administration, noting their different nature, authority levels, usages, and main functions. Finally, it provides a brief summary of management.
Business Management by - Ibrahim Vishal - MV
- Management is defined as the process of getting things done through others with the effective use of available resources. It involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling organizational resources including people, money, materials, and machines.
- Management is considered both an art and a science. It is an art because it requires skills, knowledge, and experience. It is a science because it develops principles and laws that can be applied in managing organizational activities and goals.
- Management aims to achieve predetermined objectives through organized group activities and the coordination of production factors such as land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. It is a continuous process that directs an organization towards common goals.
Management assignment help
This document defines management and discusses its key concepts, functions, importance, and levels. Management is defined as planning, leading, organizing, and controlling resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently. The four main functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves deciding goals and actions in advance. Organizing is grouping people into departments based on tasks. Leading includes issuing instructions, motivating employees, and supervision. Controlling establishes performance standards and takes corrective actions. There are three levels of management - first line managers supervise employees, middle managers organize resources, and top managers set goals and monitor performance.
Management
Management involves activities, processes, academic study, and groups working toward goals. It has universal characteristics including being goal-oriented, an intangible driving force, present throughout organizations, a continuous process, and adaptable to changes. Management aims to achieve objectives through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.
Ppt saurav
This document defines management as the process of coordinating work activities through people to efficiently achieve organizational goals. It discusses management as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The types of management are defined as top-level, middle-level, and lower-level. The importance of management includes achieving group goals, optimizing resource use, fulfilling social obligations, and promoting stability and human development. The functions of management are outlined as planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, and controlling.
Management concepts introduction
This document defines management and its key concepts. It provides several definitions of management from different experts that describe it as the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. The document outlines that management is a field of study, a profession, and a process involving managerial activities. It also lists the main characteristics of management as a process that involves group effort and aims to achieve objectives. The core functions of management are identified as planning, organizing, directing, controlling and coordinating. The document concludes that management has elements of both an art and a science.
Functions of management
Management is responsible for running an organization by planning, organizing, directing, and controlling its activities and resources to achieve its objectives. Management motivates others to do the work rather than doing it themselves. Management is defined as the art of getting things done through others by effectively utilizing available resources. The key functions of management include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
Nursing administration and ward management converted
This document discusses nursing administration and ward management. It defines administration as the organization and direction of human and material resources to achieve goals. Management is defined as the process of directing and guiding operations. The key difference between administration and management is that administration focuses on formulating policies and objectives while management focuses on implementation. The document outlines several philosophies and principles of administration including human relations, communication, and delegation. It also discusses the elements of administration such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting. Finally, it notes that effective management is significant as it allows organizations to achieve goals, utilize resources efficiently, minimize costs, survive and grow, generate employment, and develop the nation.
Ppm bba
This document outlines the course breakdown for a Principles of Management course taught at Punjab College of Technical Education, including instructor details, learning objectives, topics to be covered organized by lecture, textbooks, and a breakdown of internal assessments including assignments, tests, presentations, and activities.
Functions of Administration and Management
The document discusses the key functions of administration and management. It defines administration as the organization and direction of resources to achieve goals, while management is the process of directing operations to realize established aims. The main functions of administration and management are described as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, controlling, reporting, recording and budgeting. The differences between administration and management are also outlined. Administration focuses on policy formulation while management is concerned with implementation.
Introduction to Management
After completing this session. You should be able to:
Describe the meaning of Management
Know the Management Process
Identify the Mangers’ Roles
Describe the functions of Management
Identify the Principles of Management
Identify the Features of Management
Definitions of management by various author
Management can be defined in several ways as it is a complex concept with many perspectives. Some key definitions include:
- Management is the art of getting things done through others and with formally organized groups (Harold Koontz).
- It involves planning, organizing, actuating and controlling to accomplish predetermined objectives (George R. Terry).
- Modern views see management as a process that utilizes resources to influence human action and facilitate organizational change (Theo Haimann & William Scott).
- In conclusion, management can be defined as the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling people's efforts in a business organization to achieve goals.
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Management is a universal phenomenon that has existed as long as humans have lived in groups. It involves coordinating the efforts of people to accomplish goals and objectives. Management is defined as the process of working with others to effectively achieve organizational goals by efficiently using limited resources. It includes tasks like defining goals, allocating resources, motivating employees, and overseeing outcomes. Management aims to direct group efforts toward predetermined objectives in a constantly changing environment.
Management and evolution of thought 1.pptx
This document provides an overview of key concepts in management thought and evolution. It discusses definitions of management, basic concepts including management as a process and activity. It also outlines functions of management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Theories of management are explained, like scientific management by Taylor and administrative management by Fayol. Maslow's hierarchy of needs and McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y are also summarized. Modern approaches to management and influential management gurus are briefly introduced.
Educational management.
This document discusses the history and concepts of educational management. It defines management as planning, coordinating, directing, supervising, staffing and controlling activities to achieve objectives. Several theorists are cited defining management as getting things done through people in a formal organizational structure. The document outlines the five functions of management as planning, organizing, leading, coordinating and controlling. It discusses the development of educational management over time in the Indian context, citing milestones like the Charter Act of 1813 and Macaulay's Minutes of 1835.
Management Theory
This document provides an overview of the evolution of management theory from early thinkers like Machiavelli and Sun Tzu to modern schools of management. It describes Scientific Management founded by Frederick Taylor based on time and motion studies. Classical Organization Theory developed by Henry Fayol emphasized division of work, authority, and discipline. Max Weber's bureaucratic model focused on hierarchy, rules, and impersonal relationships. Later theorists like Mary Parker Follett emphasized participative leadership and group network management.
BFBM(14-2016) Knowledge leadership bfbm14
၂၀၁၅ခုႏွစ္၊ ဒီဇင္ဘာလ (၁၂)ရက္ေန႔ (စေနေန႔)မွာ က်င္းပျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့တဲ့ Better Future Better Myanmar 2015 စီးပြားေရးဆိုင္ရာ အခမဲ့ေဟာေျပာပြဲမ်ားရဲ႕ (၁၄) ၾကိမ္ေျမာက္ ေဟာေျပာပြဲမွာ "Knowledge Leadership" ေခါင္းစဥ္ျဖင့္ ပါေမာကၡ ေဒါက္တာေအာင္ထြန္းသက္ ေဟာေျပာခဲ့တဲ့ PowerPoint Slide ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
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This PPT prepared by Teacher Educator from Thiagarajar College of Preceptors Madurai for B.Ed Trainees.
Management
This document discusses key concepts of management including definitions, characteristics, functions, levels, roles, and the relationship between functions. It defines management as achieving organizational goals efficiently through planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The main functions of management are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Management can occur at different levels and requires conceptual, human, and technical skills.
POM Unit 1.pptx
This document provides an overview of the MG8591 Principles of Management course. It discusses the objectives, outcomes, and content covered in Unit 1 on the introduction to management and organizations. The key topics covered include the definition of management, the evolution of management approaches, types of business organizations, and the functional areas and core functions of management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. The document aims to give students a foundational understanding of management as a discipline and practice.
Business Management.pptx
Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, and controlling are the six main management functions. Planning involves determining objectives and courses of action. Organizing is establishing structure and assigning responsibilities. Staffing involves recruiting and selecting personnel. Directing includes motivating and supervising employees. Coordinating ensures unity of effort. Controlling measures performance against standards and takes corrective action.
Management function
The document discusses the five primary functions of management: planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing. Planning involves setting objectives and determining courses of action to achieve objectives. Organizing is grouping human and other resources and establishing relationships and authority. Staffing is filling positions with qualified employees. Controlling checks progress toward objectives and corrects deviations. Directing motivates employees and channels behavior toward objectives through supervision, communication and leadership.
Fundamental of Management
Management involves planning, organizing, directing, controlling, and coordinating personnel and resources to achieve organizational goals. It includes determining objectives, developing plans to achieve objectives, structuring resources and activities, motivating employees, monitoring progress, and ensuring coordination across groups. The document then discusses definitions of management provided by various scholars and outlines the key functions of management.
Management and its evolution
This document provides an overview of management principles and practices. It discusses various definitions and approaches to management, including:
1. Classical approaches like scientific management, which focused on efficiency, and administrative management, which looked at problems from a top-down perspective.
2. Behavioral management, which emphasized motivating employees.
3. Bureaucracy, with principles like written rules, clear task relationships, and a hierarchy of authority.
It also covers the evolution of management thought in response to increasing competition and complexity in large organizations. Overall, the document presents different historical perspectives on defining and studying the field of management.
Module 1 Basics and functions of Mgt.pptx
This document provides an overview of management concepts. It defines management as the process of achieving organizational goals efficiently and effectively through planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The key functions of management are discussed in detail, including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Planning involves setting objectives and determining courses of action. Organizing is establishing an organizational structure and assigning duties. Staffing is selecting and training employees. Directing includes communicating goals and motivating employees. Controlling checks performance against standards and makes corrections. Management has aspects of both an art and a science, involving theoretical knowledge and practical application. It is also considered a profession when certain criteria are met.
Intro management
Management can be viewed from three perspectives - as a noun, process, and discipline. As a noun, management refers to persons in supervisory roles who are responsible for getting work done through others. As a process, management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. As a discipline, management is the study of principles and practices related to effectively achieving organizational goals. Management aims to optimize resources, minimize risks and costs, improve performance, and plan for the future growth and development of a business.
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Management is responsible for running an organization by planning, organizing, directing, and controlling its activities and resources to achieve its objectives. Management motivates others to do the work rather than doing it themselves. Management is defined as the art of getting things done through others by effectively utilizing available resources. The key functions of management include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
Nursing administration and ward management converted
This document discusses nursing administration and ward management. It defines administration as the organization and direction of human and material resources to achieve goals. Management is defined as the process of directing and guiding operations. The key difference between administration and management is that administration focuses on formulating policies and objectives while management focuses on implementation. The document outlines several philosophies and principles of administration including human relations, communication, and delegation. It also discusses the elements of administration such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting. Finally, it notes that effective management is significant as it allows organizations to achieve goals, utilize resources efficiently, minimize costs, survive and grow, generate employment, and develop the nation.
Ppm bba
This document outlines the course breakdown for a Principles of Management course taught at Punjab College of Technical Education, including instructor details, learning objectives, topics to be covered organized by lecture, textbooks, and a breakdown of internal assessments including assignments, tests, presentations, and activities.
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The document discusses the key functions of administration and management. It defines administration as the organization and direction of resources to achieve goals, while management is the process of directing operations to realize established aims. The main functions of administration and management are described as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, controlling, reporting, recording and budgeting. The differences between administration and management are also outlined. Administration focuses on policy formulation while management is concerned with implementation.
Introduction to Management
After completing this session. You should be able to:
Describe the meaning of Management
Know the Management Process
Identify the Mangers’ Roles
Describe the functions of Management
Identify the Principles of Management
Identify the Features of Management
Definitions of management by various author
Management can be defined in several ways as it is a complex concept with many perspectives. Some key definitions include:
- Management is the art of getting things done through others and with formally organized groups (Harold Koontz).
- It involves planning, organizing, actuating and controlling to accomplish predetermined objectives (George R. Terry).
- Modern views see management as a process that utilizes resources to influence human action and facilitate organizational change (Theo Haimann & William Scott).
- In conclusion, management can be defined as the process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling people's efforts in a business organization to achieve goals.
Principles of management unit1 1
Management is a universal phenomenon that has existed as long as humans have lived in groups. It involves coordinating the efforts of people to accomplish goals and objectives. Management is defined as the process of working with others to effectively achieve organizational goals by efficiently using limited resources. It includes tasks like defining goals, allocating resources, motivating employees, and overseeing outcomes. Management aims to direct group efforts toward predetermined objectives in a constantly changing environment.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in management thought and evolution. It discusses definitions of management, basic concepts including management as a process and activity. It also outlines functions of management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Theories of management are explained, like scientific management by Taylor and administrative management by Fayol. Maslow's hierarchy of needs and McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y are also summarized. Modern approaches to management and influential management gurus are briefly introduced.
Educational management.
This document discusses the history and concepts of educational management. It defines management as planning, coordinating, directing, supervising, staffing and controlling activities to achieve objectives. Several theorists are cited defining management as getting things done through people in a formal organizational structure. The document outlines the five functions of management as planning, organizing, leading, coordinating and controlling. It discusses the development of educational management over time in the Indian context, citing milestones like the Charter Act of 1813 and Macaulay's Minutes of 1835.
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This document provides an overview of the evolution of management theory from early thinkers like Machiavelli and Sun Tzu to modern schools of management. It describes Scientific Management founded by Frederick Taylor based on time and motion studies. Classical Organization Theory developed by Henry Fayol emphasized division of work, authority, and discipline. Max Weber's bureaucratic model focused on hierarchy, rules, and impersonal relationships. Later theorists like Mary Parker Follett emphasized participative leadership and group network management.
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၂၀၁၅ခုႏွစ္၊ ဒီဇင္ဘာလ (၁၂)ရက္ေန႔ (စေနေန႔)မွာ က်င္းပျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့တဲ့ Better Future Better Myanmar 2015 စီးပြားေရးဆိုင္ရာ အခမဲ့ေဟာေျပာပြဲမ်ားရဲ႕ (၁၄) ၾကိမ္ေျမာက္ ေဟာေျပာပြဲမွာ "Knowledge Leadership" ေခါင္းစဥ္ျဖင့္ ပါေမာကၡ ေဒါက္တာေအာင္ထြန္းသက္ ေဟာေျပာခဲ့တဲ့ PowerPoint Slide ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
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This PPT prepared by Teacher Educator from Thiagarajar College of Preceptors Madurai for B.Ed Trainees.
Management
This document discusses key concepts of management including definitions, characteristics, functions, levels, roles, and the relationship between functions. It defines management as achieving organizational goals efficiently through planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The main functions of management are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Management can occur at different levels and requires conceptual, human, and technical skills.
POM Unit 1.pptx
This document provides an overview of the MG8591 Principles of Management course. It discusses the objectives, outcomes, and content covered in Unit 1 on the introduction to management and organizations. The key topics covered include the definition of management, the evolution of management approaches, types of business organizations, and the functional areas and core functions of management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. The document aims to give students a foundational understanding of management as a discipline and practice.
Business Management.pptx
Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, and controlling are the six main management functions. Planning involves determining objectives and courses of action. Organizing is establishing structure and assigning responsibilities. Staffing involves recruiting and selecting personnel. Directing includes motivating and supervising employees. Coordinating ensures unity of effort. Controlling measures performance against standards and takes corrective action.
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The document discusses the five primary functions of management: planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing. Planning involves setting objectives and determining courses of action to achieve objectives. Organizing is grouping human and other resources and establishing relationships and authority. Staffing is filling positions with qualified employees. Controlling checks progress toward objectives and corrects deviations. Directing motivates employees and channels behavior toward objectives through supervision, communication and leadership.
Fundamental of Management
Management involves planning, organizing, directing, controlling, and coordinating personnel and resources to achieve organizational goals. It includes determining objectives, developing plans to achieve objectives, structuring resources and activities, motivating employees, monitoring progress, and ensuring coordination across groups. The document then discusses definitions of management provided by various scholars and outlines the key functions of management.
Management and its evolution
This document provides an overview of management principles and practices. It discusses various definitions and approaches to management, including:
1. Classical approaches like scientific management, which focused on efficiency, and administrative management, which looked at problems from a top-down perspective.
2. Behavioral management, which emphasized motivating employees.
3. Bureaucracy, with principles like written rules, clear task relationships, and a hierarchy of authority.
It also covers the evolution of management thought in response to increasing competition and complexity in large organizations. Overall, the document presents different historical perspectives on defining and studying the field of management.
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This document provides an overview of management concepts. It defines management as the process of achieving organizational goals efficiently and effectively through planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The key functions of management are discussed in detail, including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Planning involves setting objectives and determining courses of action. Organizing is establishing an organizational structure and assigning duties. Staffing is selecting and training employees. Directing includes communicating goals and motivating employees. Controlling checks performance against standards and makes corrections. Management has aspects of both an art and a science, involving theoretical knowledge and practical application. It is also considered a profession when certain criteria are met.
Intro management
Management can be viewed from three perspectives - as a noun, process, and discipline. As a noun, management refers to persons in supervisory roles who are responsible for getting work done through others. As a process, management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. As a discipline, management is the study of principles and practices related to effectively achieving organizational goals. Management aims to optimize resources, minimize risks and costs, improve performance, and plan for the future growth and development of a business.
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This document provides an introduction to management, including its definition, characteristics, functions, and concepts. It defines management as the attainment of organizational goals through planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling resources. The five main functions of management are then described as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Planning involves determining objectives and methods to achieve them. Organizing is the process of dividing work and coordinating departments. Staffing is selecting and training individuals for jobs. Directing provides leadership, motivation, and opportunities. Controlling monitors activities to ensure quality standards are met.
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
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官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Management
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT Presented by AKHILAMOL D S6 EEE
- 2. CONTENTS • Management • Definitions • Importance • Characteristics • Levels • Functions • Challenges • Conclusion
- 3. Management • Continuous process • Aims at achieving the organisations goals by ensuring effective use of resources • combines features of both science as well as art • Science provides the knowledge • Art deals with the application of knowledge and skills
- 4. Definitions • “Management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups” --- Koontz • “Management is the art of getting things done through and with people” --- Mary Parker • “Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done in the best and cheapest way” - -- F.W. Taylor
- 5. Contd.. • “Management is the accomplishment of results through the efforts of other people” --- Lawrence • “Management is to manage is to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and control”. -- Henry Fayol
- 6. Importance • Attainment of group goals • Effective functioning of business • Resource development • It control the organisation • Minimize cost • Communication
- 7. Characteristics • Intangible • Goal oriented • Universal • Needed at all levels • Ongoing process • Dynamic • Multi-disciplinary • Composite process
- 10. Challenges • Quality and productivity • Change in technology • Change in environmental forces • Lack of skills • Market changes • Ethical and social responsibility
- 11. Conclusion • Management is the art and science of preparing, organizing and directing human efforts to control the forces and utilize the material of nature for the benefit of men
- 12. THANK YOU