Eng'g Ethics

1. Ethics

2. What is Self – Interest?

3. Definition of self - interest:
 generally refers to a focus on the needs or
desires (interests) of oneself.
 Focus on actions or activities that are
advantageous to an individual or organization.
For a business or individual to survive and grow,
a degree of self-interest is necessary. When
there is too much focus on self-interest
the benefits of the group at large diminishes.

4. Self-interest
 The term “interests” is a wide abstraction that covers
the entire field of ethics. It includes the issues of:
man’s values, his desires, his goals and their actual
achievement in reality. A man’s “interests” depend on
the kind of goals he chooses to pursue, his choice of
goals depends on his desires, his desires depend on his
values—and, for a rational man, his values depend on
the judgment of his mind.

5. Enlightenment Self-interest
 is a philosophy in ethics which states that
persons who act to further the interests of
others (or the interests of the group or groups
to which they belong), ultimately serve their
own self-interest.

6. Unenlightened of Self-interest
 In contrast to enlightened self-interest is
simple greed or the concept of "unenlightened self-
interest," in which it is argued that when most or all
persons act according to their own myopic selfishness,
that the group suffers loss as a result of conflict,
decreased efficiency because of lack of cooperation,
and the increased expense each individual pays for the
protection of their own interests. If a typical individual
in such a group is selected at random, it is not likely
that this person will profit from such a group ethic.

7. Unenlightened of Self-interest
 Some individuals might profit, in a material sense,
from a philosophy of greed, but it is believed by
proponents of enlightened self-interest that these
individuals constitute a small minority and that the
large majority of persons can expect to experience a
net personal loss from a philosophy of
simple unenlightened selfishness.
 Unenlightened self-interest can result in the tragedy of
the commons.

8. Tragedy of the commons
 is a dilemma arising from the situation in which
multiple individuals, acting independently and
rationally consulting their own self-interest.

9. Self Interest
Self Realization

10. What is Self - realization

11. The Ethics of Self-Realization
 The theory of self-realization is that a life of excellence is
based on the actualization of human potentialities. In
psychology, this is called "self-development."
Self-realization, here, is not meant to connote the active
awareness of the Stoics, as the word might suggest (i.e.,
"becoming aware").
We ought to actualize our potentialities-the theory, then,
rests to some degree on naturalism, the biological and
psychological capacities of what it is to be a human being.
The idea is that every great person in history has set up
guidelines for his life.

12. The Ethics of Self-Realization
 Essentially, there are three different views on which
capacities should be developed.
1. Variety pattern of self-realization: becoming a
well-rounded person, learning and doing a little of
everything.
2. Dominant theme pattern: concentrate on one
major interest and build other interests around it.

13. The Ethics of Self-Realization
3. Maximum fulfillment of desires:
(naturalism) people are born with innate
purposes, ends, and goals, and excellence is
achieved by fulfilling these natural human
wants.

14. Thank You For Listening