PRESENTATION GIVEN BY ME AT Central Food and Technology Research Institute (CFTRI), MYSORE WHICH ALSO FETCHED ME A PRIZE. THIS WAS ONE OF THE BEST AND PROUD MOMENTS IN MY CAREER

1. MALNUTRITION IN INDIA
PREPARED BY
ARCHANA G
PGDM, Agriculture and Food
Management Institute

2. INTRODUCTION
 Malnutrition refers to the situation where there is an
Imbalanced diet in which some nutrients are in excess, lacking
or wrong proportion (under-nutrition and over-nutrition).
 Secondary Malnutrition
 Nutrition-deficient- pneumonia and tuberculosis.
 Over-nutrition- Obesity- non-communicable diseases;
cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers and chronic
respiratory diseases.
Malnutrition reflects
• An imbalance of nutrients,
• Inappropriate intake or/and inefficient biological utilization ,
• External and internal environment.

3. NATIONS SCENARIO
• India is one of the fastest growing countries in terms of
population and economics, sitting at a population of
1.2 billion and growing at 1.5%–1.7% annually
• India's 50% increase in GDP since 1991, more than one
third of the world's malnourished children live in India
• The Global Hunger Index (GHI) Report ranked India
20th amongst leading countries with a
serious hunger situation.
• Amongst South Asian nations, it ranks third behind
only Afghanistan and Pakistan.
• 25% of all hungry people worldwide live in India.

4. India State Hunger Index

5. EFFECT OF MALNUTRITION
AGE GROUP EFFECTS PERCENTAGE
Children Under weight 44
Infants Anaemia 72
Married women Anaemia 52

7. RDA

8. COMMON MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES
IRON IODINE
VITAMIN A

9. MICRO NUTRIENT MALNUTRITION-micronutrient
initiative
PRIOROTIES
• Increase biannual administration of vitamin A syrup to all
children 9-59 months in priority states.
• Ensure vitamin A supplementation to all children 9-59
months.(1st and 2nd dose through routine immunization
campaigns and 3rd-9th doses through biannual rounds).
• Expand zinc supplementation in India, for the treatment of
childhood diarrhea in priority states.
• Improve production, monitoring and consumption of iodized
salt.
• Expanded iron and folic acid programs for preschool
children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women.

10. PROTEIN AND CALORIE DEFICIENCIES
• Kwashiorkor, also known as
“edematous malnutrition”
-life threatening
form of malnutrition.
-caused by a lack of protein.
• Marasmus
-severe form of malnutrition
-body does not get enough
protein and calories.

11. MAJOR CAUSES FOR MALNUTRITION IN INDIA
• Lack of food
• Economic inequality
• Loss of appetite
• Drug addiction
• Lack of awareness on adequate feeding in
parents.
• Myths and beliefs.
• Changing life styles.

12. TYPE OF FOOD BLEND CONSTITUENTS SIGNIFICANCE
Indian Multipurpose
Food (CFTRI)
Low fat groundnut flour
and Bengal gram
(75:25) fortified with
Vit A,D and B Complex
(25 GRAMS OF MPF)
10g of proteins
Half the requirement of
vit A, calcium and
riboflavin
Improves growth and
nutritional status
Malt Food (CFTRI) Cereals, low fat
groundnut and Bengal
gram (40:40:20) +
vitamins and calcium
salts
(40 GRAMS)
10g of proteins
Half the requirement of
vit A, calcium and
riboflavin
Improved growth and
nutritional status,
supplemented in pre school
children
Bal- Ahar (CFTRI) Whole wheat flour,
groundnut flour and
Bengal gram flour
(70:20:10) + vits & cal.
(50 GRAMS)
10g proteins vit A,
calcium and riboflavin
Reduce the deficiencies in
pre school children diets.
Supplementary Food
(NIN)
Roasted wheat flour,
green gram flour,
groundnut and jaggery
or sugar (30:20:8:20)
(80 GRAMS)
300 Kilo Calories,
10grams of proteins
Improve growth rate in pre
school children
Supplementary Food
(A.H.S.C.W)
Kuzhandai Amudhu
Roasted maize flour,
green gram flour,
roasted groundnut,
jaggery (30:20:10:20)
(80 GRAMS)
11.5 grams of proteins,
305 Kilo Calories.
Improved growth and
nutritional status,
supplemented in pre school
children

13. FOOD GROUP NUTRIENTS CONTRIBUTED
MILK GROUP
Pulses, Nuts, Meat, Fish, Eggs etc
Rich sources of protein, minerals and
vitamins
FRUITS AND GREEN LEAFY
VEGETABLES
Papaya, orange, mango, Indian goose
berry, guava etc. and all green leafy
vegetables
Rich sources of certain vitamins and
minerals
OTHER VEGETABLES
Beans, brinjal, ladies finger etc.
Fair sources of certain vitamins, minerals
and roughage
CEREALS, ROOTS AND TUBERS
Rice, wheat, maize, ragi, corn, pearl
millet, potato, tapioca, sweet potato
etc.
Rich in starch, good in proteins and
certain B-Vitamins
FATS AND OILS AND PURE
CARBOHYDRATE FOODS
Vegetables oils, animal fats, sugar,
jaggery, honey, sago, custard powder,
starch etc.
Rich in energy. Vegetable oils are fair to
good in EFA and Vitamin E.

14. Current & Planned Fortified
Foods via World Food Program
 Corn Soy Blend
 Multiple Micronutrients
 Vegetable Oil
Vitamin A
 Rice Acceptance Trials
 Multiple Micronutrients
 Issue: products mainly imported.
Not produced or fortified domestically.
 Fish & Soy Sauce Fortification with Iron.

15. LATEST SURVEY
• The proportion of underweight children in
India
o 45.1 per cent in 2005-6
o 30.7 per cent in 2015-16
Integrated Child Development-Major role
• The proportion of undernourished people
o 21.5 per cent in 2004-06
o 17 per cent in 2011-13

16. Lets make a goal…!!!
Ensure poor and food-insecure Indians have
improved access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious
food by:
1: Increasing and ensuring food availability.
2: Improving food accessibility.
3: Ensuring optimal food use and utilization
through health and nutrition education improving
child feeding practices and maternal nutrition,
micronutrient supplementation and fortification
programmes

17. GOVERNMENT SCHEMES
 Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) specially
programmed for lactating and pregnant mothers and
children below the age of 3.
 National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)-the health needs of
under-served rural areas
 Mid Day Meal Scheme (MDM)- improve
the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide.
 Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Employment of Adolescent Girls(
RGSEAG) SABLA
 Indira Gandhi Matriyo Sahayog Yojana (IGMSY)-
maternity benefit program, a conditional cash
transfer scheme for pregnant and lactating women of 19
years of age or above for first two live births.

18. WHAT ELSE CAN BE DONE??
• Bridging the Gap
 Indian Impact- Anganwadis- Donors- Akshaya Patra
Foundation- runs centralized kitchens.
 “Other than identifying what needs to be done, Indian
Impact must get more deeply involved in the
implementation of the solution.”— Ratan Tata
• Create awareness among all age groups.
• Conduct campaigns
• Continuous R&D and Fortification
• PPP Model to reduce malnutrition
• Effective functioning of schemes is to be kept in concern.
• In stead of struggling for reservations, Let’s take a step ahead
for the cause of BPL.