The document discusses the transition design of science and the integration of art, technology, and interdisciplinary collaboration in higher education, emphasizing the need for new educational curricula and methods to adapt to 21st-century societal challenges. It highlights the role of artists and scientists in redesigning scientific processes and promotes a collaborative approach involving diverse expertise to address complex issues. The author stresses the importance of experimenting with transdisciplinary practices and emphasizes the evolution of knowledge creation as essential for future innovation.

2. Art-Science: Beginning the
Transition Design of Redesigning
Science Itself
Roger F Malina
ORCID NO: 000-3399-3865
School of Art, Technology and Emerging
Communication (ATEC), UT Dallas
Astrophysicist 1972-1995 (MIT, Berkeley)
Astronomy Administrator ( CNRS, Director Marseille
Provence Observatory ( 1995- 2012)
Executive Editor, Leonardo Publications MIT Press
( 1982-present
Co-Director Art-Science Lab, ATEC, UTDallas (2013-
present)

3. Design, Media, Arts at Lafayette College:Design, Media, Arts at Lafayette College:
WHERE THE TRANSDISCIPLINARY HYBRIDSWHERE THE TRANSDISCIPLINARY HYBRIDS
WILL BREEDWILL BREED ! Hybrids,! Hybrids, Amphibians,Amphibians,
Extremophiles,Extremophiles, mutantsmutants
In and Around Lafayette CollegeIn and Around Lafayette College

4. My Narrative this time
•Theory
• Current need for new inter,
multi, trans disciplinary
experiments
•Many good methods no best one
•And Practice
•Personal and Anecdotal
•Institutional, Quantitative

5. Front-notes
•
I am using a ppt format – not well adapted forI am using a ppt format – not well adapted for
sound/video etc….a conscious choice—sage on the stagesound/video etc….a conscious choice—sage on the stage
• my ppt will be published on slideshare…my ppt will be published on slideshare…
•Feel free to take photos/record..no ip concernsFeel free to take photos/record..no ip concerns
• a selection of my talks are on youtube, vimeoa selection of my talks are on youtube, vimeo
• I will drop a few names as possible ( collaborators forgiveI will drop a few names as possible ( collaborators forgive
me) find on the ArtSciLab and Leonardo web sitesme) find on the ArtSciLab and Leonardo web sites
• my current references at end of pptmy current references at end of ppt
•I will not drop names of dead French philosophersI will not drop names of dead French philosophers
or scientists- even though they had some goodor scientists- even though they had some good
ideasideas
• I will run out of time – have front loaded with materialI will run out of time – have front loaded with material
that I think connects to your current D.A. and M. contextthat I think connects to your current D.A. and M. context

6. D.A and M: Beginning the Transition
Design of Programs to Link different
ways of Knowings and Doings at
Lafayette College
•THE FUTURE OF DESIGN, MEDIA, AND THE ARTS AT
LAFAYETTE COLLEGE
•PB (Art),WB (Anthropology), G B
(Art), LC(REES), NG(Art), AG (Philosophy), JK (Music),
EK (Art), MJ L(Theater), AMcH (FAMS), MO (Art
Galleries and Collections), MO’N (Theater), AO,
(Theater), JSR(Engineering), D.S (Engineering), L
S(Psychology), NS(FAMS), KS(E(Art), AS (FAMS), JT
(Art), J T (Music), MW(EnSW (Theater), LY
(ForeignLanguages and Literatures)

7. •International rethinking of how to
redesign structures within higher
education to meet the needs of
society and professionals in the 21st
century
•Rethinking educational
curricula/methods to reflect evolving
needs of society, professions and
cognitive sciences insights
•From the US to Europe to Russia to
LATAM to China to Africa to…..

8. This is not a new problem
• Hunters and Gatherers argued by the fire at
night as they tried to figure out the best
disciplines to survive to the next day
•It will continue for the indefinite future
•No best method,.many good methods
•Right now I like Transition Design methods
( Terry Irwin, Head of the School of Design at
Carnegie Mellon University)
• You are developing your own (1) Education
and Consultation, (2) New Projects and
Communities, and (3) Curriculum and
Infrastructure.

9. Need both deep disciplinary
experts AND inter, multi and
transdisciplinary experts
• Need shoemakers, farmers, miners,
candlestick makers
•AND lawyers, sages, judges
• and Village Idiots
• We need solo artists and team players
•Right now I like the Science of Team
Science methods (NIH)
•Multiplicity of approaches has always
been a hard nut for mass education

10. It’s difficult. Every generation needs to
find its own ways…no best method just
context dependent good ones
• Context:
•Location ( mountain, seaside, plains..in orbit)
• Local industries, communities, resources, global access
• Local Populations etc
• Context of Heterogeneity (Science of Team Science)
• Heterogeneous groups may come up with different
approaches than homogeneous ones, sometimes better
• Age, Gender, Sexual Orientation, Ability/Ableness,
Disciplines, Mother Tongue, Birthplace/Genetics,
socio/economic context….
• Not a recipe or a formula, but a design question

11. 2121stst
century context; we are developingcentury context; we are developing
new understandings of how humannew understandings of how human
beings function individually , in groupsbeings function individually , in groups
and in their environmentsand in their environments
• Draw on contemporary neurosciences, cognitive
sciences, psychology, sciences of learning,
• learning begins before birth !
•Draw on research in group dynamics, science of
team science, management sciences, sociology and
ecology !
• AI Beings—may be primitive now, but are evolving
more rapidly than we are
•Right now I like: Daniel Kahneman , Nobel prize
winner in Economics, “Thinking, Fast and Slow”

12. Enough Theory

13. Designing New incentives as
part of Transition Design
use some kind of analysis of existing situation
•SWOT, De Bono 6 thinking hats…….
• Strengths; how to enhance
• Weaknesses: how to mitigate
• Opportunities: how to seize
• Threats: how to anticipate
• One continuous big threat is office politics
• Change of President, Deans, Department Chairs
• Read Randall Collins: Sociology of Philosophies. A
Global Theory of intellectual Change 1998

14. Designing Incentives within Lafayette
College—
and connecting to outsides
• Tenure and Promotion
• THINK: applies to both faculty AND students
• Tenure and Promotion Criteria, Grading, Degrees
•What is Research in D.A. and. M ?
• What is teaching ?
• What is Service, inside(s) the college and outside (s)
• Incentivize Collaboration for both students and faculty ?
• but individual transdisciplinary practice may be OK
• Our professional societies are working hard : A2RU,
HASTAC, Leonardo/ISAST, AAAS, ACM, IEEE…..invent your
own in your context drawing on their expertise
•Leonardo Journal papers: What is the PhD in Art and Design

15. Transmission of Knowledge:
transmitting theory and practice• ArtSciLab HERMES project:
• Transdisciplinary “Apprenticeships”
•Experimental Publishing and Curating EXPUCU
•Public-shing: document your work and share it with others
• Public-Ations : “fixed” transmission of ‘artifacts” between humans
• Public- Action : intervention in a group setting (this talk)
• Public- Interaction: use of group dynamics (eg workshops)
• Public-A.I.tions: when audience is A.I. Beings
• Public-E.T.I.ation: audience Extra Terrestial Intelligences
• Public-Storage: audience in the more “distant” futures
•Public-Insemination: audience- the foetus(es) in the womb
• Practice: Leonardo MIT Press ASU experimental platforms
•ARTECA.MIT.EDU= art science technology aggregator
•Creative Disturbance:podcast platform
•Multingual, Multi-Modal

16. TOTTS:
A Tale Of at least Thirty Thinking
Systems
• Draw on contemporary cognitive sciences and science of
learning to experiment in curricula and teaching
•CDASH: Cloud curricula in art/sci/tech
• TASTA: TAlk Science Through the Arts
• TICITA: Teaching Creativity/Innovation Through the Arts
• HERMES: Highly Effective Research Merging Epistemic
Systems ( Transdisciplinary Apprenticeships EdX)
• SOTA: Students Older Than Average
•SSTT: Study the Students, Teach the Teachers (co-design)
• Presentation at National Academy Science this Friday

18. A Confused Childhood: a son of
Frank and Marjorie Malina
Artist, Pioneer in Art and Technology
● .
Rocket Pioneer, Co Founder NASA JPL
.

19. My Parents Context in 1950s
• A generation traumatized by WW II
• Dedicated to rebuilding Europe and
international cooperation in both sciences
and arts—UN..EU..NATO…..UNESCO
– As a force for global development and peace
• A belief that the best minds of artists and
scientists were needed ..woven together..
( C P Snow)
• Cultural optimism science and technology-
“science the endless frontier”

20. Leonardo founding
network
• Frank Malina.. J Needham..J
Brownowski.. C P Snow Max
Bill..Buckminster Fuller..C H
Waddington..E
Gombrich..Robert
Maxwell...R Arnheim. G
Kepes
J.J. Gibson..Liliane Lijn..Roy
Ascott..Pauline
Oliveros..Sonia
Sheridan..Jasia Reichardt
Gyorgy Kepes..Jonas Salk…
Takis.. R Arnheim, Frank
Oppenheimer

21. *
The “Leonardo” Organisations
International Society for Arts/Science/Technology
Observatoire Leonardo des Arts et Technosciences
• Journal Founded 1967 Paris
• For Scientists, Engineers deeply
engaged in the arts/humanities
• For Artists appropriating
science and technology
• For scholars studying the
interaction of the arts, sciences
and technology
• Championed writing by artists
about their own work.
• VVesna, J. Gimzewski, Blue Morph

22. A growing creative community of practice larger than that in Italy
during the Renaissance !
50 years, >15,000 authors , MIT Press
Leonardo Journal, Music Journal. Books,Zines,Podcasts, Videos..

23. Leonardo 50th
Birthday
• Recommended closing Leonardo on our 50th
– Vision of the founders has been accomplished
• If you have to plug it in, it cannot be art
– Art forms enabled by new media and
technologies becoming dominant art forms
• Art is local not international
– Artists and scientists collaborate over the world
• Artists don’t use art theory
– Neuroscience,, Computer Science ,AI
• Artists don’t write, Art Critics do
– Artists and designers can now publish as well
as create and perform their art

24. But have we failed to implement the
vision of our parents
• “Science the Endless
Frontier” did not “win the
peace”
• “green revolution’ didn’t
solve world hunger and
development
• UN, EU did not end war
• Climate Change is out of
control
– We have to redesign our
culture..

25. Is “Science” in Trouble ?
• 1945 « Science the Endless Frontier »
report, Vannevar Bush
• "New frontiers of the mind are before us,
• and if they are pioneered with the same
vision, boldness, and drive with which we
have waged this war we can win the peace
• we can create a fuller and more fruitful
employment and a fuller and more fruitful
life."--FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT November
17, 1944.
• This vision of science: science for the
winning of “wars”.. War on Cancer… War
on Drugs… rather than co-design !!!
• The problem of the Anthropocene is not a
war but a systemic, cybernetic, complex
system collapse

26. We have to Redesign STEM together
• We need to redesign the
scientific methods
• given the sciences of
complexity. New concepts
of causality
• - existence of big data
• -new instruments that can
study our own minds
• Multiple instruments to
study the same
phenomena
• Open Science
• Redesign the social
embedding of science
• Helga Nowotny former
president of the European
Research Council called
for ‘socially robust
science
• artists and designers and
humanities researchers to
collaborate with
“STEM”ers to redesign
science itself

27. Redesigning Science Itself: “the scientific“the scientific
‘method”‘method”
• Has evolved steadily over the centuries
• Evolving concepts of causality and how to demonstrate
causal connections
• Alchemy A+B = C, Astrology: position of planets
• Newton :A “causes’ B linear causation- ‘reductive’
• 19th
C. Statistical Mechanics: collective phenomena
rather than individual objects
• Quantum Mechanics-
• Complexity science/emergence/chaos theory
• Simulations as Explanations –you cant write an equation
for climate change or the economy
• Data Science
• AI Beings as independent researchers
• The End of Theory ?? Deep Learning ?
• Artists, game designers, designers as relevant experts for
representing big data

28. Redesigning the social embedding of
science
• Helga Nowotny, fm President
European Research Council call for
“socially robust science”
• SETI at home opened up age of
‘Citizen Science”, Open Data, Open
Science
• Hacking, Making, Co-Design Space as
loci of discovery, innovation and
inventions
• Re invention/ re design of the
‘amateur’ ( Levy Leblon, Stiegler)
‘amatorat” “ professional amateurs
• Trans-disciplinary and Trans-social
collaboration ……….
• funding of professional amateurs and
“artists” in science teams ????

29. No Culture Has Redesigned Itself
There is no where to migrate to.

30. ONE EXAMPLE from my personalONE EXAMPLE from my personal
practice bridging astrophysics andpractice bridging astrophysics and
space science with the artsspace science with the arts
communities of practicecommunities of practice

31. Leonardo and the Advocacy of the
Role of Artists as Space Explorers
• Roger F Malina, President
• Annick Bureaud, Directrice.
• Association Leonardo
/Observatoire des Arts et
TechnoSciences (OLATS)

33. Leonardo Space and the Arts Workshop,
Boulogne, 2001 –
Outer Space - Cyberspace
Leonardo Space and the Arts Workshop, Boulogne, 1998 –
Space Art – Earth Art
Jean-Marc Philippe, Marjorie Malina, Jorge Orta, - Roger
Malina

34. 1995 Typology of Space Art
• Art which makes use of space techniques,
materials, sensory experiences: Space Age Art
• Art which expresses new philosophical or
psychological framing : Astronomical Art
• Art in Space made to be viewed from Earth
• Art on Earth to be viewed from Space
• Art In Space made to be viewed in Space

35. Historical Phases of Space Art
• 1. Astronomical and Space Arts until Sputnik
– Until 1957
– Pre & Post invention of telescope /Copernicus
• 2. Space Art of the Space Age: After Sputnik
– 1957- 1980/90
• 3. Space Art after appearance of Space Culture
– 1980/90 until now
• 4. Space Art after development of Civilian and
Citizen Space access: 2025 --- ?

37. JAXA: ISHIGURO FLYING DEITIES

38. DATA CULTURE
• We have moved from a world of data
scarcity to a world of data plenty
• 1992: Historian Daniel Boorstin:
150 years ago:
Meaning rich and data poor
Today :
Data rich and meaning poor.
Deep engagement with the arts, design,
humanities needed to redesign culture
In the USA this is part of “Stem to
Steam” movements, SHTEAM,
SEAD..acronym soup

39. The fifteen century invention of perspective transformed our
culture- big data needs new systems to represent big data

40. ArtSciLab @ ATEC, University of Texas Dallas
• Opened 2013
• We work on research that requires collaboration
between artists, designers, scientists, engineers,
humanities researchers from the beginning of the
project
–Cultural Timeliness ( why now ?)
–Societal Urgency ( who cares if we succeed ?)
• Problem Driven Team Trans-disciplinarity
– Developing new forms of 21st
century
transdisciplinary apprenticeships
• Experimental Publishing

41. In the Dallas Art-Science
Laboratory
• We are teaching
bacteria to sing
•The same kind of
bacteria in the
mangroves and on
your skin
•Converting visual
data signals into
sensory (sonic)
experience

42. Data Stethoscope : We are making data forests you
can explore with all your senses
( fMRI data on internal structure of human brains)

43. What about the ethics of curiosity ?What about the ethics of curiosity ?
Extractive industries
enabled the crisis of
climate change
What will Cognitive
Extraction industries do

44. The Caldas 21st
Century Expedition
• The narrative we
learned in Manizales
Colombia.
• First the Spanish
came mapped our
country, found the
gold and took it home
and became rich and
famous.
• Then the Americans
came, mapped our
country, found the
ressources, took them
home and became rich
• Now silicon valley and
shanghai are mapping
our minds, mining the
data and are becoming
rich and famous

45. We need the ‘hard” humanities”
• Redesigning our
cultures to face the
‘Anthropocene”
• Design 4.0 strategies
• Transdisciplinary
Collaboration
• And we need toAnd we need to
change our metaphorschange our metaphors
• Words MatterWords Matter
• Context MattersContext Matters

46. •Enabling new forms of
collaboration between Science,
Engineering, Medicine
• & Arts, Design and Humanities
Today
•“STEM TO STEAM” Integrating
the arts/design/humanities into
‘STEM”
• But both synergistic and bi-
directional

47. In Transdisciplinary Collaboration
we need more hybrids and
translators: “new collar”
T Shaped People H Shaped People

48. How Unusual are Hybrids ?
Samuel Morse
We need BOTH specialists and hybrids
The hybrids evolve rapidly and are usually a <%
Landscape Painter Morse Code
.

49. •From the individual “genius”
•to hybrid ‘genius’ teams
•how to train for transdisciplinary
collaborations ?
•We are developing
transdisciplinary collaboration
apprenticeships at UT Dallas
•Bridging Cultures, Over
planetary distances
•But grounded in local knowledge
•No best practices, but many
good practices
•Combine local knowledge with

50. The power of framing
metaphorsTree of
Knowledge A dynamic Network of Knowledge

51. Change Our Metaphors
from the Tree of Knowledge to the Ecology of
Knowledge
credit; Botero

52. The TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS in
YORKSHIRE, NORTH ENGLAND
• Shared Common land
where all the people could
take their animals to eat
• Where members of the
village could shoot wild
animals to eat
• But the Big Farmers took
over the commons and
there was nothing left to
eat for the villagers

53. So the village created a “gated commons”
Certain animals were not allowed because they
ate too much – the cattle guard was invented to
keep them out

54. response to the tragedy of the internet
where we are trying to invent gates to keep
out
- the hackers, the government spies
=keep out the fake, so we know we have
trust

55. Leonardo as a Node in a
Networks of Villages

56. AND NOW
• ?
• ?? ??
• I hope a few of these ideas can be
useful if adapted to the context of the
Lafayette College Initiative in Design
Media and the Arts
• I hope to learn from your experiences
• I look forward conversations today and
beyond

57. D.A. and. M WHERE THE TRANSDISCIPLINARY HYBRIDSD.A. and. M WHERE THE TRANSDISCIPLINARY HYBRIDS
WILL BREEDWILL BREED ! Hybrids, Amphibians, Extremophiles…! Hybrids, Amphibians, Extremophiles…
..in and around Lafayette Collegein and around Lafayette College

58. Contact rmalina@alum.mit.edu
• www.leonardo.info (english)
• www.olats.org (french)
• Ppt on slideshare
• Info@leonardo.info
•
RMALINA@ALUM.MIT.EDU
• Some Resources follow

59. The STEM to STEAM movement
Enabling new forms of collaboration between
Science, Engineering, Medicine with Arts,
Humanities, Design
•National Academies of Science,
Engineering and Medicine Study
underway
• improving the application of science,
engineering, medicine toward the
social, economic and cultural well-
being of the nation and planet
•we believe it is critical to work with
partners in the arts, design and
humanities for their input and
engagement.
•What is the evidence this kind of
creativity and innovation has value ?
,

60. CreativeDisturbance.Org
-Podcast driven,
multi-lingual – 16 languages
Imagining the future of translation
engines so we can all write in the
language we think and live in
Art/Sci/Tech Collaboration Platform
we want to create the first trandisciplinary
intellectual ‘dating’ service- MIND-RD ?
DALA –Digital Arts in Latin America ( see
Reynaldo Thompson)
IF YOU WANT TO PUBLISH A PODCAST IN ANY
LANGUAGE…contact us
.

61. Integrating Higher Education in Arts,
Humanities, Sciences, Engineering,
Medicine published May 8
•As the
Board on Higher Education and Workforce
(BHEW) and other divisions and units
within the
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
embark on new projects aimed at
improving the understanding and
application of science, engineering
and medicine toward the social,
economic and cultural well-being of
the nation and planet, we believe it is
critical to work with partners in the
arts and humanities for their input
and engagement.

62. See Ann Balsamo
“Designing Culture”

63. Except Through a New CulturalExcept Through a New Cultural
ImaginationImagination
»Phantasmal Media »
•Fox Harrell
•The expressive power
of phantasms is not
purely aesthetic,
phantasmal media can
express and construct
the types of meaning
central to the human
condition.

64. Collaborative Ownership and
the Digital Economy, Ed. by
Rishab Ghosh
https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/events/code/in
• 2001 conference, Cambridge
• Open source software is considered by many to be a
novelty and the open source movement a revolution.
• Yet the collaborative creation of knowledge has gone on
for as long as humans have been able to communicate.
• CODE looks at the collaborative model of creativity—
with examples ranging from collective ownership in
indigenous societies
• to free software, academic science, and the human
genome project
• and finds it an alternative to proprietary frameworks for
creativity based on strong intellectual property rights.
• In discussions for possible CODE2020/2021
• BUT We now have the TRAGEDY of the Internet

65. ARTECA.MIT.EDU
The New Leonardo Collaboration Platform
Experimental Publishing”Trying to develop new
ways of documenting your work and sharing it with
others.. GREY LITERATURE

66. Information Arts: Steve Wilson
•
https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/information-arts
• A new breed of
contemporary artist
engages science and not
only to interpret and to
spread scientific
knowledge, but to be an
active partner in
determining the direction of