I.P.C. media is the UK's leading consumer magazine publisher that was originally formed in the 1850s. It has over 60 iconic brands that reach over 25 million users globally each month. I.P.C.'s history involves acquiring several rival publishers over the decades to expand its portfolio. While I.P.C. publishes some music magazines like NME, it may not be suitable for a new indie music magazine due to already having NME, which could compete for the same audience. In contrast, Bauer Media publishes the rock-focused Kerrang! and may be more suitable as it does not have an indie-focused magazine that could compete.