The document discusses building a flexible and scalable multi-cloud database strategy, emphasizing the characteristics and benefits of deploying databases across multiple cloud environments. It outlines various use cases such as disaster recovery, environment optimization, and control over data, while also addressing the challenges of managing and deploying multi-cloud databases. Practical steps and best practices for deployment, maintenance, and security considerations are also provided.

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Building a Flexible &
Scalable Database
Strategy Across
Multiple Clouds
Divine Odazie, Severalnines
Localhost Conference 2024, Virtual
<img src="Divine.jpg" alt="Divine"
width="300" height="300">

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Divine Odazie
● Technology Evangelist
at Severalnines
● Electrical/Electronics Engineer
● Certified Kubernetes Application
Developer (CKAD)
● Data on Kubernetes Ambassador
● Certified AWS Solutions Architect
● I’m excited to speak at Localhost
2024!
Database ops, your way

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1. What is a multi-cloud database?
2. Use cases of multi-cloud database
deployment
3. DEMO: Deploying a multi-cloud
database
4. Maintaining a multi-cloud
database deployment

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Multi-cloud = Multiple different clouds
89% of enterprises operate multi-cloud - Flexera 2023 State of the Cloud Report
Database ops, your way

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What is a multi-cloud database?
A database deployment that operates across two or more clouds.
This could can be on public cloud, private clouds or hybrid (a mixture
of both).
Any database type is a candidate for multi-cloud deployment
- Relational (MySQL, PostgreSQL),
- NoSQL (MongoDB, Elasticsearch)
- Key-value (Redis), etc
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Use cases for
multi-cloud
databases
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Disaster recovery
● Organizations need to safeguard against
major outages.
● The worst that could happen, can happen!!
● Eliminates single points of failure
Database ops, your way

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Environment
optimization
● Improve application performance
& latency
● Decrease overhead costs
● Better support mission-critical
functionality
● Prices change over time
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Scaling out
Database
usage
frequency
Database uptime duration
● No shortage of specific instance types
● Cheaper option for compute resources
● Cloud bursting: overflow traffic on
private cloud to a public cloud
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Control over data
Organizations need to:
● Stay ahead of regulatory changes
● Remove vendor and environment
lock-in
● Predictable licenses
Today, we are seeing the rise of
Sovereign DBaaS (Database-as-service).
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Deploying a
multi-cloud
database
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Is deploying and managing a multi-cloud
database easy?
The short answer is…NO!
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Using Managed DBaaS vs Compute
Instances
Cloud specific DBaaS
● Limited interoperability with other
cloud providers.
● Replication focus on data import,
not scalability.
● There are significant limits in terms
of what you can or cannot do.
Building with compute
instances
● Greater flexibility in inter-cloud
connectivity.
● More control over database
configuration.
● Option to leverage cloud provider
tools or open-source software for
a cloud-agnostic setup.
vs
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How do you deploy and manage a database
across multiple compute instances on different
clouds?
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Steps to deploying a multi-cloud database
Configure cloud credentials, SSH and allow traffic
Enable necessary ports: SSH (22), xtrabackup (9999), and MySQL (3306)).
Deploy the database on the primary cloud provider
Deploy a VPN
Choose replication type: Synchronous or asynchronous, or both.
Create one or more replica on your secondary cloud provider
Launch load balancers (ProxySQL)
Deploy monitoring tools (Prometheus, grafana, etc)
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Manual deployment vs Cloud agnostic
tooling
Manual deployment
● Set up connectivity between each
cloud
● Install the database on each
instance
● Configure the replication between
the cloud
● Configure Backup/restore across the
clouds
Agnostic tooling e.g
ClusterControl
● Only worry about connectivity
between the clouds
● Automate the rest
○ Database installation
○ Replication across each clouds
○ Failover
○ Backups
● Observability from the start
● And so much more!!
vs
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Database ops, your way

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Let’s get started!
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AWS EC2 Instance DigitalOcean Droplet
MySQL Replication
Primary Replica
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Maintaining a
multi-cloud
database
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Key Activities
Setup monitoring and alerts
Database specific alerts:
● Database health
● Cluster health
● Replication
● Queries etc.
Operating system alerts:
● CPU Usage
● RAM or SWAP usage
● Disk usage, etc.
Investigating database
issues and errors
● Start with the logs
● Check the host system’s
health
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Security
● Firewalls and VPN
● Encrypt data at rest and in
transit
● RBAC
● Regular audits
The Best Practices Checklist
Scaling
● Can you database scale?
Replication, LB, read/write
split.
● Vertical or horizontal
scaling
● Automate where possible
Performance
● Reduce latency in your
cloud connections
● Implement observability
● Automate health checks
Governance
● Create a practical
governance framework
● Comply to data privacy
laws like GDPR, HIPAA
Backups and disasters
● Store backups in multiple
locations
● Use proper replication
● Automatic backup
verification
Miscellaneous
● Automated database
deployment tools.
● Bring DevOps practice into
database deployment
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Want to try out ClusterControl for free?
Other CSPs
Contact me
divine@severalnines.com
@Severalnines
Severalnines