Local politics involves choices made within local government boundaries regarding elected officials and public policy. Citizen participation is a key democratic process through various forms of engagement like voting, petitions, and protests. However, issues plague local politics like corruption, dynasties, and personality-focused campaigns lacking genuine platforms. Reforms are needed for stronger anti-corruption laws, land reform, education funding, and policies supporting local entrepreneurs over foreign interests. Overall, local democracy faces challenges that undermine citizen participation and trust in government.
Here are the key issues and concerns regarding local politics in the Philippines:
1. Economic instability brought about by factors like peso devaluation, high inflation, and lack of adequate job opportunities. This impacts livelihoods and standards of living.
2. Unstable peace and order situation due to threats like terrorism, insurgency, drug problems, and other security issues. Ongoing conflicts affect public safety.
3. Reports of human rights violations, military abuses, extrajudicial killings, and police brutality. This erodes trust in law enforcement and the criminal justice system.
4. Political bickering, grandstanding, and mudslinging among local and national politicians. This partisan behavior divides communities and
Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
Chapter - 1
The Law of Attraction
The law of attraction is the most powerful force in the universe. If you work against it, it can only bring you pain and misery. Successful people know this but have kept it hidden from the lower class for centuries because th
BAWKU PRESENTATIOM-THE ROLE OF CITIZENS IN LOCAL GOVERNANCE-2Afayak Limatu
Citizens play an important role in promoting social accountability of government. Social accountability involves citizens actively participating in development decisions that affect them and demanding effective, efficient and equitable public service delivery using mechanisms like social audits and citizen scorecards. Citizens have the right to be informed, organize, and participate in decisions. Challenges local governments face include low capacity and weak resources. Citizens and civil society organizations can work to promote social accountability by building coalitions, collecting information, identifying issues, and advocating for productive change with government. Their role is important to achieve good governance and prioritize community development projects.
The document discusses social audits, which involve examining government or private programs and assessing their impact on beneficiaries. Social audits aim to promote transparency, accountability and public participation. They began in India in the 1990s when an NGO called MKSS helped villagers access government documents and exposed discrepancies between official records and reality. The document outlines the principles, steps and importance of social audits in ensuring resources reach their intended beneficiaries.
Proposals for a national access to living schemeneilmcrowther
Proposals for a national Access to Living Scheme designed to advance the rights of disabled people to live independently and to be included in the community
This document outlines a presentation on public policy. It discusses three types of policy, three arenas where policy is made, and three types of policymakers. It describes the policy process and five ways that elected bodies make policy, including lawmaking, budgeting, rulemaking, oversight, and sunset reviews. It emphasizes that citizens and groups can influence policy by understanding the process and participating through contacting elected officials, organizing, protests, and other civic engagement activities.
Here are the key issues and concerns regarding local politics in the Philippines:
1. Economic instability brought about by factors like peso devaluation, high inflation, and lack of adequate job opportunities. This impacts livelihoods and standards of living.
2. Unstable peace and order situation due to threats like terrorism, insurgency, drug problems, and other security issues. Ongoing conflicts affect public safety.
3. Reports of human rights violations, military abuses, extrajudicial killings, and police brutality. This erodes trust in law enforcement and the criminal justice system.
4. Political bickering, grandstanding, and mudslinging among local and national politicians. This partisan behavior divides communities and
Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
Chapter - 1
The Law of Attraction
The law of attraction is the most powerful force in the universe. If you work against it, it can only bring you pain and misery. Successful people know this but have kept it hidden from the lower class for centuries because th
BAWKU PRESENTATIOM-THE ROLE OF CITIZENS IN LOCAL GOVERNANCE-2Afayak Limatu
Citizens play an important role in promoting social accountability of government. Social accountability involves citizens actively participating in development decisions that affect them and demanding effective, efficient and equitable public service delivery using mechanisms like social audits and citizen scorecards. Citizens have the right to be informed, organize, and participate in decisions. Challenges local governments face include low capacity and weak resources. Citizens and civil society organizations can work to promote social accountability by building coalitions, collecting information, identifying issues, and advocating for productive change with government. Their role is important to achieve good governance and prioritize community development projects.
The document discusses social audits, which involve examining government or private programs and assessing their impact on beneficiaries. Social audits aim to promote transparency, accountability and public participation. They began in India in the 1990s when an NGO called MKSS helped villagers access government documents and exposed discrepancies between official records and reality. The document outlines the principles, steps and importance of social audits in ensuring resources reach their intended beneficiaries.
Proposals for a national access to living schemeneilmcrowther
Proposals for a national Access to Living Scheme designed to advance the rights of disabled people to live independently and to be included in the community
This document outlines a presentation on public policy. It discusses three types of policy, three arenas where policy is made, and three types of policymakers. It describes the policy process and five ways that elected bodies make policy, including lawmaking, budgeting, rulemaking, oversight, and sunset reviews. It emphasizes that citizens and groups can influence policy by understanding the process and participating through contacting elected officials, organizing, protests, and other civic engagement activities.
This document discusses social accountability and its importance in governance. It defines social accountability as an approach that relies on civic engagement where citizens directly or indirectly exact accountability from power holders. Social accountability mechanisms include social audits, budget analysis by civil society organizations, public budget hearings, and citizen monitoring of government agencies. When implemented effectively, social accountability can improve governance, reduce poverty, empower citizens, enhance transparency, and strengthen public sector reforms. However, it also carries risks such as raised citizen expectations not being met or lack of sustainability. The document emphasizes that social accountability works best when the political context supports citizen participation.
The International Conference on Civil Society Space discussed strategies to defend and expand shrinking civil society space. Civil society faces increasing pressure globally from states and non-state actors. Restrictions undermine development goals. Participants discussed how to promote enabling environments through multi-stakeholder partnerships and inclusive dialogue. Recommendations included strengthening CSO effectiveness, shifting support to the local level, and improving spaces for civil society participation in policymaking.
1) The document discusses the OECD Observatory of Civic Space, which aims to monitor civic space in OECD countries, promote and protect civic engagement, and act as a platform for dialogue between governments and civil society.
2) The Observatory conducts a global survey every 3 years and civic space scans to assess legal/policy frameworks for civic space. It identifies trends, collects best practices, and makes recommendations to strengthen civic space.
3) Activities include national/regional roundtables, an international conference, and a civic space portal to facilitate dialogue on trends and challenges to civic space. The Observatory seeks to deepen OECD engagement with civil society stakeholders.
This chapter introduces the topic of nonprofit advocacy and civic engagement. It discusses how nonprofits are uniquely positioned to advocate for policy changes due to their trusted relationships in communities. Advocacy is broader than lobbying and includes activities that support an issue without direct contact with legislators. Lobbying refers specifically to attempts to influence legislation. While advocacy and limited lobbying are permitted, nonprofits cannot endorse or oppose political candidates. The chapter urges nonprofits to recognize their role in addressing social challenges through policy advocacy and provides lessons on effective advocacy, including the importance of strategy, and primary tools of organizing, lobbying, and media advocacy.
Governance in the Philippines faces several challenges. It ranks low in the Worldwide Governance Indicators across dimensions like rule of law, control of corruption, and regulatory quality. Systemic corruption among public and private sectors has undermined trust in governance institutions. Key branches of government like the judiciary, police, and legislature are perceived as highly corrupt. While efforts have been made toward principles of good governance like participation, transparency, and accountability, fully implementing these reforms remains an ongoing challenge.
The document introduces the Development Partners Forum, an initiative to bring together stakeholders from various sectors and citizens to discuss challenges facing development in Kenya. The forum aims to identify priority areas through research and citizen questionnaires administered by community volunteers. A biannual meeting and online platform will facilitate knowledge sharing and allow citizens to voice grievances. The objective is to create interactive platforms for stakeholders and partnerships to address issues like health, infrastructure, and ICT through open discussion and accountability. The forum hopes to unleash citizen potential and innovation to help achieve development goals.
Redd e portfolio assignment #1 nmp665 core coursereddle11
This document discusses key concepts regarding nonprofits and government including:
1) Nonprofits have legal requirements for incorporation at the state level and tax exemption status from the IRS. They must adhere to lobbying and reporting rules to maintain this status.
2) Nonprofits serve as advocates for the public interest but government funding and regulations can impact this role. Excessive lobbying or political activity could jeopardize their tax status.
3) Increased involvement with government in advocacy and services can affect nonprofits' operations and ability to fulfill their missions. CEOs must understand laws/regulations to determine optimal government involvement.
This document discusses public participation in county governance in Kenya. It provides definitions and principles of public participation, outlines the benefits, key officers responsible for facilitating participation, and how citizens can prepare. It discusses the constitutional and legal framework for participation, the roles of the county assembly and its committees, and the continuum of participation levels from informing to empowering citizens. The overall aim is to strengthen understanding and implementation of public participation at the county level.
The document discusses key concepts in politics and governance in the Philippines. It defines politics, governance, and basic political concepts such as order, power, and justice. It also examines the current state of governance in the Philippines by analyzing indicators of good governance like participation, rule of law, effectiveness, transparency, responsiveness, equity, consensus, and accountability. However, the Philippines is plagued by bad governance as seen in its low rankings in global governance assessments due to widespread corruption across government institutions.
The document discusses key concepts in politics and governance in the Philippines. It defines politics, governance, and basic political concepts such as order, power, and justice. It then examines two approaches to studying politics - political philosophy and political science. The document also outlines important processes and actors in governance, including decision-making, implementation, and both formal and informal actors. Finally, it analyzes eight indicators of good governance in the Philippines: participation, rule of law, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, consensus orientation, and accountability.
Politics and Governance in the Philippineswarywean
The document discusses key concepts in politics and governance in the Philippines. It defines politics, governance, and basic political concepts like order, power, and justice. It then examines two approaches to studying politics - political philosophy and political science. The document also identifies important processes and actors in governance, including decision-making, implementation, and both formal and informal actors. Finally, it analyzes eight indicators of good governance in the Philippines - participation, rule of law, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, consensus orientation, and accountability - and discusses efforts made and challenges remaining in achieving each indicator.
Good Governance Challenge for the Local Authorities Summary of the UN HabitatDr Lendy Spires
Governance is defined as the exercise of authority over a country's affairs at all levels, including mechanisms for citizens to articulate interests and mediate differences. Good urban governance is characterized by principles of sustainability, subsidiarity, equity, efficiency, transparency, accountability, civic engagement, and security. These principles include long-term strategic visions, equitable access to decision making and basic services, efficient public service delivery, and transparent/accountable local authorities.
The document outlines a proposed electoral reform agenda put forward by the Ateneo School of Government (ASoG) through its PODER program. The agenda aims to address issues like political dynasties, political party development, youth participation, and ensuring free and fair elections. It discusses past reform efforts like the 2002 and 2007 Electoral Reform Summits. The proposed agenda also touches on constitutional reforms, broadening citizen participation, and democratic institution building. It emphasizes that meaningful reform relies on mobilizing citizens and exercising people power.
Social Accountability_Jeff Thindwa_10.16.13CORE Group
This document outlines an organizing framework for social accountability. Social accountability relies on civic engagement and operationalizes direct accountability relationships between citizens and the state. It aims to improve the enabling environment for citizen engagement in governance and public decision-making. This is done by increasing the capacity of the state to respond to public needs through effective oversight and redress. It also improves the capability of citizens to engage in governance and enhances the capacity of social intermediaries to provide effective participation and oversight. The framework focuses on transparency, participation, and collaboration between government, citizens, and civil society as key conditions for social accountability.
This document discusses participatory governance and citizen participation. It defines participatory governance as citizens being involved in decision making through activities like planning, monitoring, and implementation of government programs. It outlines the legal basis for citizen participation in the 1987 Philippine Constitution and cites international covenants. The benefits of participatory governance are listed as more responsive services, increased productivity, and a sense of ownership. Key qualities of good citizens are described as being active, responsible, participatory, and justice-oriented. The rights and responsibilities of Filipino citizens are also delineated.
Right To Information And Civil Society OrganisationsMADAN PANDIA
The document discusses the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in strengthening the Right to Information regime. It outlines how CSOs can create awareness about the Right to Information Act and facilitate its effective use. Some key strategies CSOs can adopt include networking, advocacy, using media, capacity building, and generating public awareness. Specific examples are provided of how CSOs can use the Right to Information Act to undertake social audits of various government programs and services.
Uganda has implemented several initiatives to promote transparency and accountability in governance. These include decentralization, regular elections, public dialogues, participatory planning and budgeting, and independent accountability institutions like the Inspector General of Government and the Auditor General. Civil society has also started initiatives to monitor governance and hold leaders accountable through tools like public expenditure tracking, scorecards, and social accountability forums. Community mobilization efforts have further raised awareness of transparency and accountability issues.
Uganda has implemented several initiatives to promote transparency and accountability in governance. These include decentralization, regular elections, public dialogues, participatory planning and budgeting, and independent oversight institutions like the Inspector General of Government and the Auditor General. Civil society has also started initiatives to monitor governance and hold leaders accountable through activities like public expenditure tracking, scorecards, social accountability forums, and community mobilization. Self-regulatory mechanisms like the NGO Quality Assurance Certification help ensure transparency and accountability among civil society organizations.
This document summarizes a speech given by Public Protector Advocate Thuli Madonsela at the University of Stellenbosch regarding national development planning in South Africa. Some of the key points made in the speech include:
1) South Africa is implementing its first integrated National Development Plan and is approaching important milestones like the 20th anniversary of democracy and reporting on progress towards UN Millennium Development Goals.
2) For development plans to succeed, there needs to be good governance as defined in the South African Constitution, including democratic principles, the rule of law, transparency and accountability.
3) Lessons from the Public Protector's work indicate governance failures like inadequate public consultation, poor planning and
Kepa, a Finnish NGO Platform for development CSOs, and the Embassy of Finland in Tanzania organized a joint seminar on the 23rd of March called ”Joint action for creating enabling environment for civil society in Tanzania”. The aim of the seminar was to bring together different actors, civil society organizations, donor partners and representatives of governmental institutions in Tanzania to discuss on how together take action for enabling environment for civil society in Tanzania. This presentation summarizes the main points of the seminar discussion as well as the proposed solutions for shrinking civic space we collected from participants during the day. Also some additional information and links are added after the actual seminar. The content is divided into four parts 1) what is civil society space and current trends, 2) how the space is shrinking i.e. current challenges and hindering factors, 3) solutions for tackling the challenges and ways forward.
Public policy formulation involves crafting alternatives to address problems and making important organizational decisions. It aims to assess potential impacts to reduce unintended consequences. Effective formulation means the proposed policy solves the issue, while acceptable formulation means it will be authorized. Models of formulation include the institutional model focusing on government structure, the elite-mass model where policy flows from a powerful few to the passive many, the group model where competing interests pressure decisions, and the systems model viewing policy as a cyclical process converting demands to outputs. The streams and windows model sees three ongoing streams - problems, policies, and politics - that must converge to open a policy window.
The document discusses several reproductive and women's health issues including:
1. The anatomy of the female reproductive system and importance of protecting it from infections and injuries.
2. Increased rates of maternal mortality in the Philippines due to complications during childbirth.
3. Common cancers that affect women like breast and cervical cancer, including risk factors, symptoms, and diagnosis.
4. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) like chlamydia, herpes, and HIV/AIDS - their symptoms, when to see a doctor, and importance of testing.
5. Brain aneurysms - their causes, risk factors like smoking and high blood pressure, and potential symptoms of rupture.
This document discusses social accountability and its importance in governance. It defines social accountability as an approach that relies on civic engagement where citizens directly or indirectly exact accountability from power holders. Social accountability mechanisms include social audits, budget analysis by civil society organizations, public budget hearings, and citizen monitoring of government agencies. When implemented effectively, social accountability can improve governance, reduce poverty, empower citizens, enhance transparency, and strengthen public sector reforms. However, it also carries risks such as raised citizen expectations not being met or lack of sustainability. The document emphasizes that social accountability works best when the political context supports citizen participation.
The International Conference on Civil Society Space discussed strategies to defend and expand shrinking civil society space. Civil society faces increasing pressure globally from states and non-state actors. Restrictions undermine development goals. Participants discussed how to promote enabling environments through multi-stakeholder partnerships and inclusive dialogue. Recommendations included strengthening CSO effectiveness, shifting support to the local level, and improving spaces for civil society participation in policymaking.
1) The document discusses the OECD Observatory of Civic Space, which aims to monitor civic space in OECD countries, promote and protect civic engagement, and act as a platform for dialogue between governments and civil society.
2) The Observatory conducts a global survey every 3 years and civic space scans to assess legal/policy frameworks for civic space. It identifies trends, collects best practices, and makes recommendations to strengthen civic space.
3) Activities include national/regional roundtables, an international conference, and a civic space portal to facilitate dialogue on trends and challenges to civic space. The Observatory seeks to deepen OECD engagement with civil society stakeholders.
This chapter introduces the topic of nonprofit advocacy and civic engagement. It discusses how nonprofits are uniquely positioned to advocate for policy changes due to their trusted relationships in communities. Advocacy is broader than lobbying and includes activities that support an issue without direct contact with legislators. Lobbying refers specifically to attempts to influence legislation. While advocacy and limited lobbying are permitted, nonprofits cannot endorse or oppose political candidates. The chapter urges nonprofits to recognize their role in addressing social challenges through policy advocacy and provides lessons on effective advocacy, including the importance of strategy, and primary tools of organizing, lobbying, and media advocacy.
Governance in the Philippines faces several challenges. It ranks low in the Worldwide Governance Indicators across dimensions like rule of law, control of corruption, and regulatory quality. Systemic corruption among public and private sectors has undermined trust in governance institutions. Key branches of government like the judiciary, police, and legislature are perceived as highly corrupt. While efforts have been made toward principles of good governance like participation, transparency, and accountability, fully implementing these reforms remains an ongoing challenge.
The document introduces the Development Partners Forum, an initiative to bring together stakeholders from various sectors and citizens to discuss challenges facing development in Kenya. The forum aims to identify priority areas through research and citizen questionnaires administered by community volunteers. A biannual meeting and online platform will facilitate knowledge sharing and allow citizens to voice grievances. The objective is to create interactive platforms for stakeholders and partnerships to address issues like health, infrastructure, and ICT through open discussion and accountability. The forum hopes to unleash citizen potential and innovation to help achieve development goals.
Redd e portfolio assignment #1 nmp665 core coursereddle11
This document discusses key concepts regarding nonprofits and government including:
1) Nonprofits have legal requirements for incorporation at the state level and tax exemption status from the IRS. They must adhere to lobbying and reporting rules to maintain this status.
2) Nonprofits serve as advocates for the public interest but government funding and regulations can impact this role. Excessive lobbying or political activity could jeopardize their tax status.
3) Increased involvement with government in advocacy and services can affect nonprofits' operations and ability to fulfill their missions. CEOs must understand laws/regulations to determine optimal government involvement.
This document discusses public participation in county governance in Kenya. It provides definitions and principles of public participation, outlines the benefits, key officers responsible for facilitating participation, and how citizens can prepare. It discusses the constitutional and legal framework for participation, the roles of the county assembly and its committees, and the continuum of participation levels from informing to empowering citizens. The overall aim is to strengthen understanding and implementation of public participation at the county level.
The document discusses key concepts in politics and governance in the Philippines. It defines politics, governance, and basic political concepts such as order, power, and justice. It also examines the current state of governance in the Philippines by analyzing indicators of good governance like participation, rule of law, effectiveness, transparency, responsiveness, equity, consensus, and accountability. However, the Philippines is plagued by bad governance as seen in its low rankings in global governance assessments due to widespread corruption across government institutions.
The document discusses key concepts in politics and governance in the Philippines. It defines politics, governance, and basic political concepts such as order, power, and justice. It then examines two approaches to studying politics - political philosophy and political science. The document also outlines important processes and actors in governance, including decision-making, implementation, and both formal and informal actors. Finally, it analyzes eight indicators of good governance in the Philippines: participation, rule of law, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, consensus orientation, and accountability.
Politics and Governance in the Philippineswarywean
The document discusses key concepts in politics and governance in the Philippines. It defines politics, governance, and basic political concepts like order, power, and justice. It then examines two approaches to studying politics - political philosophy and political science. The document also identifies important processes and actors in governance, including decision-making, implementation, and both formal and informal actors. Finally, it analyzes eight indicators of good governance in the Philippines - participation, rule of law, effectiveness and efficiency, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, consensus orientation, and accountability - and discusses efforts made and challenges remaining in achieving each indicator.
Good Governance Challenge for the Local Authorities Summary of the UN HabitatDr Lendy Spires
Governance is defined as the exercise of authority over a country's affairs at all levels, including mechanisms for citizens to articulate interests and mediate differences. Good urban governance is characterized by principles of sustainability, subsidiarity, equity, efficiency, transparency, accountability, civic engagement, and security. These principles include long-term strategic visions, equitable access to decision making and basic services, efficient public service delivery, and transparent/accountable local authorities.
The document outlines a proposed electoral reform agenda put forward by the Ateneo School of Government (ASoG) through its PODER program. The agenda aims to address issues like political dynasties, political party development, youth participation, and ensuring free and fair elections. It discusses past reform efforts like the 2002 and 2007 Electoral Reform Summits. The proposed agenda also touches on constitutional reforms, broadening citizen participation, and democratic institution building. It emphasizes that meaningful reform relies on mobilizing citizens and exercising people power.
Social Accountability_Jeff Thindwa_10.16.13CORE Group
This document outlines an organizing framework for social accountability. Social accountability relies on civic engagement and operationalizes direct accountability relationships between citizens and the state. It aims to improve the enabling environment for citizen engagement in governance and public decision-making. This is done by increasing the capacity of the state to respond to public needs through effective oversight and redress. It also improves the capability of citizens to engage in governance and enhances the capacity of social intermediaries to provide effective participation and oversight. The framework focuses on transparency, participation, and collaboration between government, citizens, and civil society as key conditions for social accountability.
This document discusses participatory governance and citizen participation. It defines participatory governance as citizens being involved in decision making through activities like planning, monitoring, and implementation of government programs. It outlines the legal basis for citizen participation in the 1987 Philippine Constitution and cites international covenants. The benefits of participatory governance are listed as more responsive services, increased productivity, and a sense of ownership. Key qualities of good citizens are described as being active, responsible, participatory, and justice-oriented. The rights and responsibilities of Filipino citizens are also delineated.
Right To Information And Civil Society OrganisationsMADAN PANDIA
The document discusses the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in strengthening the Right to Information regime. It outlines how CSOs can create awareness about the Right to Information Act and facilitate its effective use. Some key strategies CSOs can adopt include networking, advocacy, using media, capacity building, and generating public awareness. Specific examples are provided of how CSOs can use the Right to Information Act to undertake social audits of various government programs and services.
Uganda has implemented several initiatives to promote transparency and accountability in governance. These include decentralization, regular elections, public dialogues, participatory planning and budgeting, and independent accountability institutions like the Inspector General of Government and the Auditor General. Civil society has also started initiatives to monitor governance and hold leaders accountable through tools like public expenditure tracking, scorecards, and social accountability forums. Community mobilization efforts have further raised awareness of transparency and accountability issues.
Uganda has implemented several initiatives to promote transparency and accountability in governance. These include decentralization, regular elections, public dialogues, participatory planning and budgeting, and independent oversight institutions like the Inspector General of Government and the Auditor General. Civil society has also started initiatives to monitor governance and hold leaders accountable through activities like public expenditure tracking, scorecards, social accountability forums, and community mobilization. Self-regulatory mechanisms like the NGO Quality Assurance Certification help ensure transparency and accountability among civil society organizations.
This document summarizes a speech given by Public Protector Advocate Thuli Madonsela at the University of Stellenbosch regarding national development planning in South Africa. Some of the key points made in the speech include:
1) South Africa is implementing its first integrated National Development Plan and is approaching important milestones like the 20th anniversary of democracy and reporting on progress towards UN Millennium Development Goals.
2) For development plans to succeed, there needs to be good governance as defined in the South African Constitution, including democratic principles, the rule of law, transparency and accountability.
3) Lessons from the Public Protector's work indicate governance failures like inadequate public consultation, poor planning and
Kepa, a Finnish NGO Platform for development CSOs, and the Embassy of Finland in Tanzania organized a joint seminar on the 23rd of March called ”Joint action for creating enabling environment for civil society in Tanzania”. The aim of the seminar was to bring together different actors, civil society organizations, donor partners and representatives of governmental institutions in Tanzania to discuss on how together take action for enabling environment for civil society in Tanzania. This presentation summarizes the main points of the seminar discussion as well as the proposed solutions for shrinking civic space we collected from participants during the day. Also some additional information and links are added after the actual seminar. The content is divided into four parts 1) what is civil society space and current trends, 2) how the space is shrinking i.e. current challenges and hindering factors, 3) solutions for tackling the challenges and ways forward.
Public policy formulation involves crafting alternatives to address problems and making important organizational decisions. It aims to assess potential impacts to reduce unintended consequences. Effective formulation means the proposed policy solves the issue, while acceptable formulation means it will be authorized. Models of formulation include the institutional model focusing on government structure, the elite-mass model where policy flows from a powerful few to the passive many, the group model where competing interests pressure decisions, and the systems model viewing policy as a cyclical process converting demands to outputs. The streams and windows model sees three ongoing streams - problems, policies, and politics - that must converge to open a policy window.
The document discusses several reproductive and women's health issues including:
1. The anatomy of the female reproductive system and importance of protecting it from infections and injuries.
2. Increased rates of maternal mortality in the Philippines due to complications during childbirth.
3. Common cancers that affect women like breast and cervical cancer, including risk factors, symptoms, and diagnosis.
4. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) like chlamydia, herpes, and HIV/AIDS - their symptoms, when to see a doctor, and importance of testing.
5. Brain aneurysms - their causes, risk factors like smoking and high blood pressure, and potential symptoms of rupture.
The document outlines several issues with the Philippine political system including a strong presidency that is difficult to remove, bureaucratic delays, nepotism in government appointments, graft and corruption such as pork barrel spending and vote buying. Elections are marred by dirty tactics like discrediting opponents and focusing on personalities rather than policies. There is a lack of enabling laws and political will to curb issues like political dynasties and reform is needed in areas like land, judiciary, education and combating corruption. Government policies have led to overdependence on foreign capital through policies like import liberalization and reliance on foreign investors for natural resources and infrastructure over local entrepreneurs. This has contributed to job and wage issues.
Public opinion is defined as the collective views held by individuals in a society on political issues. It represents people's preferences related to government and politics. Public opinion can be thought of as the sum of individual opinions, and it considers the perspectives of majorities, minorities, informed groups, and elites. There are different types of public opinion, including majority, minority, informed, and group opinions. Major agencies that help shape public opinion include the press, legislature, political parties, educational institutions, and religious institutions. Public opinion is publicized through various media.
Demand, supply and government policies nnn.pptxADELYNEHERMOSO1
1. Government can intervene in markets through price controls and taxes.
2. Price ceilings that are binding below the equilibrium price cause shortages, while price floors binding above the equilibrium price cause surpluses.
3. The incidence of taxes - who bears the burden - depends on the elasticity of supply and demand, with the less elastic side bearing more of the burden.
This document discusses civil society and its principles. It defines civil society as comprising non-governmental organizations and lists three principles: people's empowerment through participation in decision making, sovereignty originating from citizens, and moral responsibility. It also outlines two articles from a constitution protecting people's rights to organize and participate in social, political, and economic decision making. Finally, it categorizes the types of organizations that compose civil society, such as grassroots organizations, people's organizations, voluntary organizations, and NGOs focused on issues like development, justice, advocacy, and professional/academic sectors.
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2. LOCAL POLITICS
consists not merely of local activities
which relate to national political matters,
but it involves a degree of choice to be
made within the boundaries of the local
unit of government relative to the
selection of office holders and the making
and execution of public policy
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27. Citizen participation is a process which provides private
individual’s an opportunity to influence public decisions and has
long been a component of the democratic decision making
process. The roots of citizen participation can be traced to
ancient Greece and colonial new England before the 1960’s,
Government processes and procedures were designed to
facilitate external participation.
28. The citizens participation is the active participation of the
citizens in the society which includes all forms of participation,
political social, cultural or economical as well as the contribution
between them, for example:
Social economic or social cultural
29. Voting in local, state and national election
Participating in a political discussion
Trying to persuade someone to vote a certain way
Signing petition
Writing letters to elected representatives
Contributing money to party or candidate
30. Attending meetings to gain information, discuss issue or lend
support
Campaigning for a Candidate
Demonstrating through marches, boycott, sit-ins or other forms
of protest
Serving as a juror
Running for office
Holding public office
Serving the country through military or other services.
31. Types of Government are:
Autocracy
The oldest form of government
Maintain power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and
police power
Citizens have no ability to participate in the selection of the ruler or in
the creation of laws.
Has a single ruler with unlimited power
One benefit of this type of government is that decision for a country can
be made quickly
The power to rule is inherited or by military force.
32. A. Dictatorship
The leader has not been elected and uses force to control all aspects of
social and economic life.
B. Absolute Monarchy
A monarchy has a king, Queen, Emperor or Empress
The power is usually inherited or passed down from family members.
33. 2. Oligarchy
A government in which a few people such as dominant clan have power
The citizen do not participate in the government
3. Democracy
citizens vote for secret ballot
individual freedom and equality is valued
free election are held
all citizens are involved in the decision-making process of the government and
all groups are represented
39. ARTICLE XIII
Section 15
The State shall respect the role of
independent people's organizations to
enable the people to pursue and protect,
within the democratic framework, their
legitimate and collective interests and
aspirations through peaceful and lawful
means.
40. ARTICLE XIII
Section 16
The right of the people and their
organizations to effective and reasonable
participation at all levels of social,
political, and economic decision-making
shall not be abridged. The State shall, by
law, facilitate the establishment of
adequate consultation mechanisms.
43. .
43
protecting nature
and preserving life
professional development,
economic opportunities, and
creative solutions to address
problems across all levels of
society.
provide quality life-saving services
that protect the life and dignity
especially of indigent Filipinos in
vulnerable situations.
delivers food assistance in
emergencies to those most in need
and works with communities to
improve nutrition and build
resilience.
44. Projects
for the
Poor
Financial
Assistance
to the
People
Oraganizatio
ns for the
people in
need
Legal and
medical
Service
Composed
of
Profession
als and
other
Academic
sector
TANGO
INTERNATIONAL
FUNDANGOS
(Funding-Agency
NGO’s)
DJANGOS
(Development,
Justice &
Advocay NGO’s)
PACO (Professional,
Academic & Civic
Organizations)
45. Local Government and Public Sector
Collaboration
By: Maximo L. Ruena Jr.
Discussant
46. Local Government and Public Sector
Collaboration
Local Government
• is the system of electing representatives to be responsible for the
administration of public services and facilities in a particular area
(ex. Province, City/Municipality, and Barangay).
Private Sector
• is the sector of a nation’ economy that consists of businesses and
industries that are not owned or regulated by the government.
Collaboration
• is a working practice whereby individuals work together for a
common purpose to achieve business benefit.
47. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARNERSHIPS (PPPs)
• Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) involve collaboration
between a government agency and a private-sector company
that can be used to finance, build, and operate project, such as
public transportation networks, parts, and convention centers.
Financing a project through a PPP can allow a project to be
completed sooner or make it a possibility in the first place.
49. Kinds of PPPs Agreement
Role of the Private Proponent Role of the Government Notes/Remarks
• Finances and constructs;
operates and maintains facility
for a fixed term; collects fees
and charges to recover
investments plus profit;
transfers facility at the end of
cooperation period (maximum
of 50 years).
• Provides franchise (if
required) and regulates
activities of BOT contractor;
acquires ownership of facilities
at the end of cooperation
period.
• Includes a supply-and-
operate scheme, a
contractual
arrangement whereby
the supplier of
equipment and
machinery for a given
infrastructure facility, if
the interest of the
Government so
requires, operates the
facility.
Build-Operate-and-Transfer (BOT)
Ex.: Mandaluyong City
Public Market
CCTO
50. Kinds of PPPs Agreement
Role of the Private Proponent Role of the Government Notes/Remarks
• Finances and constructs; turns
over ownership of the facility to
government after project
completion.
• Acquires ownership of facility
after construction; compensates
proponent at agreed
amortization schedule.
• May be employed in
any project, including
critical facilities which,
for security or
strategic reasons,
must be operated by
the Government.
Build-and-Transfer (BT)
Ex.: Mandaluyong City
Public Market
CCTO
51. Kinds of PPPs Agreement
Role of the Private Proponent Role of the Government Notes/Remarks
• Finances, constructs and owns
facility; operates and maintains
facility in perpetuity (facility
operator may be assigned);
collects fees and charges to
recover investment and profits.
• Provides authorization and
assistance in securing approval
of BOO contract; possesses the
option to buy the
output/service provided by the
BOO operator.
• All BOO projects upon
recommendation of the
NIDA-ICC shall be
approved by the
President of the
Philippines.
Build-Own-and-Operate (BOO)
CCTO
53. Kinds of PPPs Agreement
Role of the Private Proponent Role of the Government Notes/Remarks
• Finances and constructs; turns
over project after completion;
transfers ownership of facility
after cooperation/lease period.
• Compensates proponent by
way of lease of facility at
agreed term and schedule;
owns facility after
cooperation/lease period.
• Akin to Lease-to-Own
Build-Lease-and-Transfer (BLT)
Ex.: San Jose de Buenavista, Antique
Public Market
CCTO
54. PREPARED BY : MA. RENA JANE B.
Advantages &
Disadvantages
of Public And
Private
Partnership
55. Republic Act No. 7718
"An Act Authorizing The
Financing,
Construction,
Operation, And
Maintenance Of
Infrastructure Projects
R.A.
April 26, 2022
R.A.
56. Advantages of Public and Private
Partnership
Ensure the necessary investments into a public sector and more
effective public resources management.
Ensure higher quality and timely provision of public services.
Most investment projects are implemented in due terms and do
not impose unforeseen public sector extra expenditures.
57. A private entity is granted the opportunity to obtain a long-term
remuneration.
Private sector expertise and experience are utilized in PPP project
implementation.
Advantages of Public and Private
Partnership
58. Disadvantages of Public and
Private
Partnership
Infrastructure or services delivered could be more expensive.
PPP service procurement procedure is longer and more costly in
comparison with traditional public procurement.
PPP project agreements are long-term, complicated and
comparatively inflexible because of impossibility to envisage and
evaluate all particular events that could influence the future
activity.
59.
60. 1. Defects in the political system, such as Constitutional provisions which create a
very strong presidency, which make it difficult to remove him/her from office in spite
of her/his unpopular and questionable political decisions; strong presidency which
controls politics and economic power (executive, legislative, judicial) of government.
Rules of procedure in impeachment proceedings (15th congress, 2010)
b. House of Action, Section 10. Vote Required for Approval – A vote of at least one-third
(1/3) of all Members of the House is necessary for the approval of the resolution setting
forth the Articles of Impeachment. If the resolution is approved by the required vote, it
shall then be endorsed to the Senate for its trial.
61.
62. 2. Bureaucracy, nepotism, massive graft and corruption in the government.
a. Bureaucracy - involving complicated rules and procedures which can cause long
delays. Diplomats believe that bureaucratic delays are inevitable.
b. Executive Order No. 111, s. 1937 - All appointments in the National, provincial and
municipal governments or in any branch and instrumentality thereof, whether in the
classified or unclassified service, made in the favor of a relative of the appointing
authority or of the persons exercising immediate supervision over him, are hereby
prohibited. (NEPOTISM)
c. Republic Act No. 3019 – Anti Graft and Corrupt Practices (PORK BARREL)
d. Republic Act No. 9485 – Anti Red Tape Act of 2007 (FIXERS)
63. 3. Graft and corruption practices before, during, and after elections. For instance, vote
buying and “dagdag-bawas” practices in the counting of votes. (Points Shaving)
“In a news conference, Marcos’ representatives pointed out a discrepancy in the votes
of Senator Francis “Chiz” Escudero reported by GMA News. The network’s infographic
showed that as of 5:20 am May 10, Escudero’s votes went down from 4,479,913 to
4,449,038. Transparency advocate Glenn Chong, who joined Marcos’ representatives
in Tuesday’s news briefing, highlighted that Escudero lost 36,442 votes; at the same
time, Liberal Party bet Leni Robredo’s numbers rose to 35,000.”
- https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/132602-dagdag-bawas-vp-race-canvassing-
marcos/
64. 4. Excessive and lavish spending during elections.
- Vote Buying
Omnibus Election Code
Sec. 261. Prohibited Acts. - The following shall be guilty of an election offense:
a. Vote-buying and vote-selling
1. Any person who gives, offers or promises money or anything of value, gives or
promises any office or employment, franchise or grant, public or private, or makes
or offers to make an expenditure, directly or indirectly, or cause an expenditure to
be made to any person, association, corporation, entity, or community in order to
induce anyone or the public in general to vote for or against any candidate or
withhold his vote in the election, or to vote for or against any aspirant for the
nomination or choice of a candidate in a convention or similar selection process of a
political party.
2. Any person, association, corporation, group or community who solicits or receives,
directly or indirectly, any expenditure or promise of any office or employment, public
or private, for any of the foregoing considerations.
65. 5. Black propaganda, mud-slinging and other dirty tactics to discredit political
opponents.
Black propaganda is a form of propaganda intended to create the impression that it was
created by those it is supposed to discredit. Black propaganda contrasts with gray
propaganda, which does not identify its source, as well as white propaganda, which
does not disguise its origins at all.
66. 6. A politics focused on personalities and not on genuine platforms of government.
Campaign Slogan VS. After Election Service
67. 7. Lack of strong enabling laws to curb political dynasty, nepotism, political opportunism,
cronyism and the like.
68. 8. Lack of political will on the part of government to institute genuine land reform to
provide more social services, to allocate more budget to education, to industrialize
agriculture, to reform the judiciary, to combat graft and corruption, to support local
entrepreneurs, and may others.
69. 9. Government’s policy in adopting globalization, too much dependence on foreign
capital, entering into unequal treaties on trade and commerce and the so-called “mutual
defense” treaty.
70. 10. Import liberalization, free trade, lifting of tariffs, lifting of protectionist policies and the
more recent adoption of liberalizing entrance of foreign entrepreneurs not only in the
production of goods but also in the rendering of services.
71. 11. Entering into business ventures with foreign capitalist as well as the exploitation and
exploration of our natural resources.
72. 12. Governmental policy on the export of manpower and raw materials rather than
support to local entrepreneurs.
73. 13. Governmental reliance on foreign investors, MNC’s and TNC’s foreign debts and
foreign aid.
A Trans-National Corporation (TNC) or Multi-National Corporation MNC is a business
that is based or registered in one country but has outlets/ affiliates or does business in
other countries.
77. Economic instability brought
about by the peso devaluation.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pna.gov.ph%2Farticles%2F1185199&psig=AOvVaw37KP0FDMrYy9_kMqvBFCOf&ust=
1676074771380000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjRxqFwoTCMCEyKLXif0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAX
78. Unstable peace and order in
the country.
https://www.benarnews.org/english/news/philippine/suicide-bomb-suspect-indonesia-philippines-01152021160026.html
79. Military abuses, police brutality
and violation of human rights.
https://sites.google.com/site/examiningpolicebrutality/_/rsrc/1268850996848/home/cops.jpg
80. Political bickering and
political grandstanding among
the nation’s leaders.
https://www.pinoyexpose.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/ed-cartoon-21-for-web-e1602481278898.jpg
82. Traditional bonds of political
patronage.
http://www.cdpi.asia/cdpi/uploads/800b4e8e514e13f9e46d4db7de89f1b8.png
83. The issue on Charter Change
and shift to the Parliamentary
System of Government.
https://www.ibon.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/econ-chacha-photo-848x478.png
84. Legitimate collective mass
movements and the killings of
media people allegedly committed
to silence the critics of the
government.
https://www.getrealphilippines.com/wp-
content/uploads/2018/07/philippine_opposition-5-460x283.jpg
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F06%2F07%2Fun-special-
rapporteurs-duterte-stand-assassination-of-journalists.html&psig=AOvVaw0zzEiW6LEmdYM7FkffOP-
M&ust=1676422893418000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjRxqFwoTCIC6rZzok_0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
85. Alleged meddling of the
church in the political affairs
of the country.
https://www.john15.rocks/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/politics-church.jpg
86. Culture of political
concessions for mutual
rewards and benefits.
https://hbswk.hbs.edu/PublishingImages/norton-shake.jpg