The document provides guidance on how to perform literary analysis. It explains that literary analysis involves reducing a work into its elemental parts and examining how those parts create the overall meaning. The goal is to decipher the central theme or idea, not to simply summarize the plot. Students are instructed to closely read texts, find evidence, determine meanings, and analyze how literary elements like figures of speech and components of prose and poetry shape that meaning. Examples of visual artworks are also provided to demonstrate analyzing techniques for non-literary works.