This document provides information about structuring and delivering an effective speech, including key components such as the introduction, body, and conclusion. It discusses important features like language choice, tone, research, and audience. The document also defines key vocabulary terms related to social issues and policies. Overall, the document serves as a guide for how to construct and present a speech, with a focus on addressing social topics.

2. •WHAT IS A SPEECH?
•WHAT IS THE AIM OF A SPEECH?
•WHAT IS A SOCIAL ISSUE?
•WHAT SOCIAL ISSUES ARE FACED IN THE
SCHOOL?
•WHAT SOCIAL ISSUES ARE FACED IN SOUTH
AFRICA?

3. KELLY
BALOYI
• POLITICAL SCIENCE GRADUATE
• COMMUNITY ACTIVIST

4. KEY VOCABULARY
•INESCAPABLE: UNABLE TO BE AVOIDED OR DENIED.
•SUBMISSION: THE ACTION OF ACCEPTING OR YIELDING TO A SUPERIOR
FORCE OR TO THE WILL OR AUTHORITY OF ANOTHER PERSON.
•HOMICIDE: THE KILLING OF ONE PERSON BY ANOTHER.
•MANDATE: AN OFFICIAL ORDER OR COMMISSION TO DO SOMETHING.
•MECHANISMS: PROCEDURE, PROCESS, SYSTEM
•IMPLEMENT: PUT INTO EFFECT (A DECISION, PLAN, AGREEMENT, ETC.)

5. KEY VOCABULARY
• POLICIES: A COURSE OR PRINCIPLE OF ACTION ADOPTED OR PROPOSED BY AN
ORGANIZATION OR INDIVIDUAL.
• STATUS QUO: THE EXISTING STATE OF AFFAIRS, ESPECIALLY REGARDING SOCIAL OR
POLITICAL ISSUES.
• DISCOURSE: A FORMAL DISCUSSION OF A TOPIC IN SPEECH OR WRITING.
• PERPETRATORS: A PERSON WHO CARRIES OUT A HARMFUL, ILLEGAL, OR IMMORAL ACT.
• EMANCIPATION: THE FACT OR PROCESS OF BEING SET FREE FROM LEGAL, SOCIAL, OR
POLITICAL RESTRICTIONS; LIBERATION.

7. STRUCTURE OF A SPEECH
INTRODUCTION:
• THE INTRODUCTION OF THE SPEECH ESTABLISHES THE FIRST, CRUCIAL CONTACT BETWEEN THE
SPEAKER AND THE AUDIENCE. THE LENGTH OF THE INTRODUCTION VARIES, DEPENDING ON
THE SERIOUSNESS OF THE SPEECH.
• SPEAKERS MUST HAVE AN “ATTENTION GRABBER” TO INTEREST THE AUDIENCE—A JOKE,
STATISTIC, FACT, OR A QUOTE.
• THE INTRODUCTION IS THE PLACE WHERE THE MAIN CLAIM OR IDEA SHOULD BE STATED VERY
CLEARLY TO GIVE THE AUDIENCE A SENSE OF THE PURPOSE OF THE SPEECH. SPEAKERS NEED
TO ORIENT THE AUDIENCE AND MAKE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN WHAT THEY KNOW OR ARE
ALREADY INTERESTED IN AND THE SPEECH TOPIC.

8. STRUCTURE OF A SPEECH
BODY:
• The body of a speech is the center part of the speech that discusses
the main ideas and key concepts of the speech, this is where
arguments are made.
• The body of a speech is made up of main points, you may need
between two to five main points, depending on the length of your
overall speech. These main points are divided and separated into a
different paragraphs.
• The main points of any speech are the key pieces of information or
arguments contained within the talk or presentation. In other words,
the main points are what your audience should remember from your
talk. Unlike facts or examples, main points are broad and can be
expressed in just a sentence or two and represent the big/main
ideas of the speech.

9. STRUCTURE OF A SPEECH
CONCLUSION:
THE CONCLUSION SHOULD BE SOMEWHAT SHORTER THAN THE INTRODUCTION
AND ACCOMPLISHES TWO PURPOSES: (1) SUMMARIZE MAIN IDEAS AND (2) GIVE THE
SPEECH A SENSE OF CLOSURE AND COMPLETION.
GOOD CONCLUSIONS MIGHT REFER BACK TO THE INTRODUCTION, OFFER AN
ANALOGY OR METAPHOR THAT CAPTURES THE MAIN IDEA, OR LEAVE THE
AUDIENCE WITH A QUESTION OR A CHALLENGE OF SOME TYPE.

10. FEATURES OF A SPEECH
• LANGUAGE AND POWER (EG: WORD CHOICE, IDEAS, ARGUMENTS)
• TONE
• RESEARCH/INFORMATION/EVIDENCE
• AUDIENCE
• TOPIC
• EVENT

11. CLASS ACTIVITY (17)
1. IN WHICH SETTING IS THIS SPEECH TAKING PLACE? (1)
2. WHO ARE THE TARGET AUDIENCE OF THIS SPEECH? (2)
3. CONSIDER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONTEXT AND CHOICE OF WORDS (3)
4. IDENTIFY AND INTERPRET TWO MESSAGES FROM THE SPEECH (4)
5. WHAT IS THE AIM OF THIS SPEECH? IS IT TO INFORM , PERSUADE, OR ENTERTAIN. GIVE A REASON FOR YOUR
ANSWER (2)
6. IF YOU WERE THE PRESIDENT OF THE COUNTRY, HOW WOULD YOU RESPOND TO HER SPEECH? (3)
7. IS SHE USING A SUITABLE TONE FOR THE MESSAGE SHE IS DELIVERING IN HER SPEECH? YES/NO, GIVE A REASON
FOR YOUR ANSWER (2)