The document discusses AmbientTalk, an object-oriented domain-specific language for mobile ad hoc networks, focusing on safe linguistic symbiosis between actors and threads. It explains the event-driven concurrency model of actors, highlighting their asynchronous nature and lack of race conditions, along with how AmbientTalk integrates with Java for GUI construction. Conclusions indicate that AmbientTalk allows for immediate invocations, automatic synchronization, and support for Java event notifications.

1. Linguistic Symbiosis between
Actors and Threads
TomVan Cutsem Stijn Mostinckx Wolfgang De Meuter
Programming Technology Lab
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Brussels, Belgium
International Conference on Dynamic Languages,August 27th 2007, Lugano

2. Overview
• AmbientTalk: OO DSL for
mobile ad hoc networks
• Pure event-driven con-
currency model (actors
[Agha86])
• How to do a safe linguistic
symbiosis between actors
and threads?
2

3. Actors vs.Threads
3
actor: {
def obj := object: {
def m() { ... }
}
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
obj.m();
}
})
obj.m();
}

4. Actors vs.Threads
3
actor: {
def obj := object: {
def m() { ... }
}
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
obj.m();
}
})
obj.m();
}

5. Event Loop Concurrency
• Events are executed serially
• Event notification is strictly asynchronous
• Event loops should have no shared state
4
Event Event Queue
Event Loop Event Handler

6. Event loop concurrency
5
Actor
Message queue Event loop
Based on E programming language [Miller05]

7. Event loop concurrency
5
Actor
Message queue Event loop
‘local’ object
Based on E programming language [Miller05]

8. Event loop concurrency
5
Actor
Message queue Event loop
‘local’ object
obj
obj.m()
Based on E programming language [Miller05]

9. Event loop concurrency
5
Actor
Message queue Event loop
‘local’ object ‘remote’ object
Based on E programming language [Miller05]

10. Event loop concurrency
5
Actor
Message queue Event loop
‘local’ object ‘remote’ object
obj
obj<-m()
Based on E programming language [Miller05]

11. Event loop concurrency
5
Actor
Message queue Event loop
‘local’ object ‘remote’ object
Actors cannot cause deadlock
No race conditions on objects
obj
obj<-m()
Based on E programming language [Miller05]

12. AmbientTalk/Java
• AmbientTalk is implemented in Java
• Data mapping: cfr. JRuby, Jython, JScheme,
LuaJava, JPiccola, ...
• Tight integration at the syntactic level
6
Based on Inter-language Reflection [Gybels et al 05]
def Button := jlobby.java.awt.Button;
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) { ... }
});
button.setVisible(true);

13. Actor/Thread Mapping
7

14. Actor/Thread Mapping
7
?

15. Actors as Threads
8
Actor
obj
def obj := object: { ... };
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection

16. Actors as Threads
8
Actor
obj
def obj := object: { ... };
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection
add(obj)

17. Actors as Threads
8
Actor
obj
def obj := object: { ... };
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection
add(obj)

18. Actors as Threads
8
Actor
obj
def obj := object: { ... };
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
synchronizedCol
add(obj)

19. Actors as Threads
9
Actor
obj
def obj := object: {
def compareTo(other) { ... }
}
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection

20. Actors as Threads
9
Actor
obj
def obj := object: {
def compareTo(other) { ... }
}
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection
add(obj)

21. Actors as Threads
9
Actor
obj
def obj := object: {
def compareTo(other) { ... }
}
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection
add(obj)

22. Actors as Threads
9
Actor
obj
def obj := object: {
def compareTo(other) { ... }
}
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection
add(obj)
compareTo(obj2)

23. Actors as Threads
9
Actor
obj
def obj := object: {
def compareTo(other) { ... }
}
aJavaCollection.add(obj);
aJavaCollection
add(obj)

24. Threads as Actors
10
def ambientTalkTest := object: {
def countTestCases() { ... }
def run(result) { ... }
}
interface junit.framework.Test {
public int countTestCases();
public void run(TestResult r);
}

25. Threads as Actors
10
def ambientTalkTest := object: {
def countTestCases() { ... }
def run(result) { ... }
}
TestSuite suite = new TestSuite();
ATObject atUnitTest = /* load ambienttalk test */;
suite.addTest((Test) wrap(atUnitTest, Test.class));
suite.addTest(aJavaUnitTest);
junit.textuit.TestRunner.run(suite);
interface junit.framework.Test {
public int countTestCases();
public void run(TestResult r);
}

26. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10

27. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10
run(result)

28. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10
run(result)

29. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10

30. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10
wrapper

31. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10
wrapper
barrier.get()

32. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10
wrapper
barrier.get()

33. Actor
ambientTalkTest
suite
Threads as Actors
10
wrapper
barrier.get()

34. Threads as Actors
11
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

35. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

36. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
actionPerformed(ae)
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

37. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
wrapper
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

38. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
wrapper
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

39. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
wrapper
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

40. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
ActionListener l = ...;
l.actionPerformed(actionEvent);
wrapper
def button := Button.new(“Click Me”);
button.addActionListener(object: {
def actionPerformed(actionEvent) {
...
}
});

41. Actor
buttonListener
button
Threads as Actors
11
wrapper
interface I extends java.util.EventListener {
public void event(...);
}

42. Summary
12

43. Summary
12
collection.add(obj)

44. Summary
12
obj.compareTo(obj2)

45. Summary
12

46. Summary
12
unitTest.run(reporter)

47. Summary
12
listener.actionPerformed(ae)

48. Experience
• AmbientTalk using Java:AWT and Swing for
GUI construction
• Java using AmbientTalk: JEdit plugin for
collaborative text editing
• Self/Squeak’s Morphic UI framework in
AmbientTalk
13

49. Conclusions
• AmbientTalk: object-oriented (distributed)
event-driven programming
• Symbiotic Thread/Actor mapping:
• AmbientTalk invocations proceed immediately
• Automatic synchronization of Java invocations
• Support for Java “event notifications” (listeners)
14
http://prog.vub.ac.be/amop