William Faulkner's 'Light in August' explores the social alienation of African Americans in the 1930s American South through the character of Joe Christmas, a biracial orphan grappling with his racial identity. The novel highlights the pervasive racial prejudices and discrimination from the white community, exemplified by the brutality of the KKK and the internal and external conflicts faced by characters like Christmas and Gail Hightower, who struggles with his family's past. Ultimately, the narrative reflects on the emotional and physical toll of racism and social rejection.