This is all about LGBTQ+. This is a presentation from my class that tackles different self identification. It is important to know what is really your sexual preference to know who you truly are.

2. COMING OUT OF THE CLOSET: UNVEILING THE EXPERIENCES OF
LGBTQ+ STUDENTS’ SELF DISCLOSURE

5. CHAPTER 1

6. CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

7. CHAPTER 1

8. Chapter 1
Rationale
Coming out is the process that people who identify as lesbian, gay,
bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning (LGBTQ+) go through when they
reveal their sexual orientation or gender identity to their loved ones, close friends,
and the general public. Their educational experience can be tainted by bullying,
prejudice, a lack of understanding of LGBTQ+ -related issues, and occasionally
physical or sexual assault if they decide to disclose their sexual orientation. The
LGBTQ+ individuals must go through the "coming out" (CO) process in order to
integrate their identities, although the effects can be very different depending on
the individual and the surrounding circumstances (Rosati et al., 2020).

9. Chapter 1
Rationale
Coming out is the process that people who identify as lesbian, gay,
bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning (LGBTQ+) go through when they
reveal their sexual orientation or gender identity to their loved ones, close friends,
and the general public. Their educational experience can be tainted by bullying,
prejudice, a lack of understanding of LGBTQ+ -related issues, and occasionally
physical or sexual assault if they decide to disclose their sexual orientation. The
LGBTQ+ individuals must go through the "coming out" (CO) process in order to
integrate their identities, although the effects can be very different depending on
the individual and the surrounding circumstances (Rosati et al., 2020).

10. Chapter 1
Rationale
Coming out is the process that people who identify as lesbian, gay,
bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning (LGBTQ+) go through when they
reveal their sexual orientation or gender identity to their loved ones, close friends,
and the general public. Their educational experience can be tainted by bullying,
prejudice, a lack of understanding of LGBTQ+ -related issues, and occasionally
physical or sexual assault if they decide to disclose their sexual orientation. The
LGBTQ+ individuals must go through the "coming out" (CO) process in order to
integrate their identities, although the effects can be very different depending on
the individual and the surrounding circumstances (Rosati et al., 2020).
Globally, it is reported that LGBTQ+ students are much vulnerable to being
bullied and victimized by violence, as well as to having poor mental health, abusing
alcohol and other drugs, and performing poorly in school in California. Nationally, it is
discovered that schooling has been challenging in the Philippines. Tainted by bullying,
prejudice, restricted access to information on LGBTQ+ individuals, and in the assault
which happens physically or sexually. Locally, LGBTQ+ students in Davao City have
been reported to experience being the subject of jeers and even violence, these take
the form of hate crimes, abuses of human rights, stigma, and discrimination.

11. Chapter 1
Rationale
Globally, it is reported that LGBTQ+ students are much vulnerable to being
bullied and victimized by violence, as well as to having poor mental health, abusing
alcohol and other drugs, and performing poorly in school in California. Nationally, it is
discovered that schooling has been challenging in the Philippines. Tainted by bullying,
prejudice, restricted access to information on LGBTQ+ individuals, and in the assault
which happens physically or sexually. Locally, LGBTQ+ students in Davao City have
been reported to experience being the subject of jeers and even violence, these take
the form of hate crimes, abuses of human rights, stigma, and discrimination.

12. Chapter 1
Rationale
Everyone ought to anticipate feeling safe being in school. Nevertheless,
in the Philippines, students who are Lesbians, gay, and transgender people
(LGBTQ+) too frequently discover that their schooling has been challenging.
Tainted by bullying, prejudice, restricted access to information on LGBTQ+
individuals, and in the assault which happens physically or sexually. The harm
resulting from these abuses can be severe and long-lasting, restricting the
right of learners to education, as guaranteed by Philippine and international
law (Thoreson & Lee, 2017).
In our study, we focused on the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ students’ self-
disclosure. This study is unique because it explores the process of coming out and
focuses on unveiling students’ gender identities. The participants of our study are
LGBTQ+ students who have already disclosed their gender preferences. This study
aims to have a significant impact on society, especially on LGBTQ+ students. The
future findings will enable LGBTQ+ students to be more understood and valid in
public. In conclusion, this study will create a safe place for LGBTQ+ students as this
study improves the knowledge and understanding of non-LGBTQ+ people.

14. Research Questions

15. 1.) What are the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ students
facing self-disclosure?
2.) How do LGBTQ+ students cope with the challenges
brought up by self-disclosure?
3.) What are the insights gained by LGBTQ+ students in
self-disclosure?
Research Questions

16. Theoretical Lens
Queer Theory
This study is seen through the proposition of De Lauretis (1991) from the Queer
Theory, who pointed out that this offers a structure to comprehend how accepted social
standards and authoritative systems shape one's identity as well as conduct
concerning sex and sexual preferences. Within the research realm, queer theory can
provide insight into how societal standards and hierarchy affect personal expression. It
has the potential to destabilize such structures to establish an all-encompassing
environment for those who identify within the LGBTQ+ community by illuminating what
is often disregarded.

17. Theoretical Lens
Queer Theory
This study is seen through the proposition of De Lauretis (1991) from the Queer
Theory, who pointed out that this offers a structure to comprehend how accepted social
standards and authoritative systems shape one's identity as well as conduct
concerning sex and sexual preferences. Within the research realm, queer theory can
provide insight into how societal standards and hierarchy affect personal expression. It
has the potential to destabilize such structures to establish an all-encompassing
environment for those who identify within the LGBTQ+ community by illuminating what
is often disregarded.
Minority Stress Theory
This study is also anchored on Minority Stress Theory, developed by Meyer (1995),
which explains that the people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (LGBTQ+) may
experience psychological health and well-being issues as a result of stressor unique to their
sexual minority orientation. It has also been suggested by the Minority Stress Theory that the
harmful effects of minority stress on people's health and well-being can be mitigated through
constructive coping mechanisms and social support. On top of that, someone who has
experienced significant minority stress may be reluctant to disclose his sexuality or gender
identity, making feelings of rejection and discrimination, overwhelm him/her even more.

18. Theoretical Lens
Queer Theory
This study is seen through the proposition of De Lauretis (1991) from the Queer
Theory, who pointed out that this offers a structure to comprehend how accepted social
standards and authoritative systems shape one's identity as well as conduct
concerning sex and sexual preferences. Within the research realm, queer theory can
provide insight into how societal standards and hierarchy affect personal expression. It
has the potential to destabilize such structures to establish an all-encompassing
environment for those who identify within the LGBTQ+ community by illuminating what
is often disregarded.
Minority Stress Theory
This study is also anchored on Minority Stress Theory, developed by Meyer
(1995), which explains that the people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer
(LGBTQ+) may experience psychological health and well-being issues as a result of
stressor unique to their sexual minority orientation.
Theory of Power
The information and many sides of the environment we live in are not real in and of
themselves, according to the Theory of Power proposed by Foucault in 1976. They only exist
because we give them social acceptance as reality. According to this theory, societal norms
and cultural practices affect sexual orientation and gender, rather than being innate or
unalterable. When examining the research on self-disclosure amongst LGBTQ+ students, this
theory offers insight into how societal norms and expectations influence their decision to reveal
or hide their identities. As a result, the decision to reveal oneself is not solely up to an individual
because it also depends on societal norms and power dynamics between various groups.

20. Importance of the Study

21. Importance of the Study
• School
Understanding the experiences of LGBTQ+ students' self-disclosure is important because it can help create a
safe and supportive environment for all students.
• Teachers
The study is significant as it can provide insights into the experiences of LGBTQ+ students in the classroom.
• Non-LGBTQ+ and LGBTQ+ Students
By being open and honest about who they really are, LGBTQ+ students can boost their self-esteem. They can
establish more intimate, sincere bonds with their friends and family.
• Administrators
The study can inform policies and practices related to LGBTQ+ students, such as anti-bullying policies and
support programs.

22. Importance of the Study
• Parents
The study can help parents increase their awareness and understanding of the experiences that LGBTQ+ students
encounter.
• Researchers
The findings of our study can enlighten our minds and broaden our perspective on the lived experiences of LGBTQ+
students coming out.
• Future Researchers
The study can serve as a foundation for further research and exploration of the experiences of LGBTQ+ students in
disclosing their gender identity.

24. • This study will only focus on the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ students’ coming
out journeys. The research participants in this study will be limited only to the
LGBTQ+ students of Atty. Orlando S. Rimando National High School who have
already disclosed its gender identity to the public.
• However, our research study has several limitations. First, students who are
members of the LGBTQ+ community may have different perspectives and
experiences than others. Second, participants in this study may have biased
opinions because of their cultural backgrounds or viewpoints on particular
phenomena. Lastly, our study explores deeper experiences that may trigger some
LGBTQ+ students.
Scope and Limitations

25. Definition of Terms
• Coming out of the Closet. It is often shortened to coming out. It is a metaphor
used to describe LGBTQ+ people's self-disclosure of their sexual orientation,
romantic orientation, or gender identity (Sexual Diversity, 2022).
• LGBTQ+ stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (or sometimes
questioning), and other identities. The "plus" represents other sexual identities,
including pansexual and two-spirited (Cherry, 2022).
• Self-disclosure. It is a process of communication by which one person reveals
information about himself or herself to another (Thakur C. & Vivek A., 2021).

26. CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

27. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
According to Kosciw et al. (2018), many students in the United States feel unsafe at
school due to their sexual orientation. Although educators have increased their awareness
of gender and gender identity issues over time, there are still numerous obstacles.
Interactions with religious and faith communities contributed positive insights to them and
some mentioned the influence of online social networks and talking with friends as a
positive way to cope with their sexual identity (Wikoff et al., 2021). The National Climate
Survey conducted by Kosciw et al. (2018) found that certain factors contribute to making
LGBTQ+ students feel safer in schools, such as the presence of a gender and sexuality
alliance (GSA), LGBTQ+ education and history, protective policies for gender identity, and
caring and responsive staff.

28. CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

30. Research Design
This study will use a qualitative research design employing the phenomenological
approach. The researchers will focus on the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ students’ coming-out
processes and aim to have a better understanding of their perspectives by establishing answers
to the whys and hows of the phenomenon in open-ended questions. The qualitative research
design will be effective in gathering information about LGBTQ+ students' self-disclosure of their
gender identity as it focuses on the exploration of concepts and experiences in more detail within
a real-world context through the use of interviews and observation rather than the quantitative
research design, which deals with numbers and statistics.

31. Research Participants
• 1st, they must be a bonafide student of Atty. Orlando S. Rimando National
High School, 2nd they must be a member of LGBTQ+ community, and
lasty, 3rd they must be open or out in the closet about their gender
identity.
• We used non-probability sampling method specifically the purposeful or
purposive sampling method as we set specified requirements that needs
to be meet in order for an individual to become our study's participant.

32. Data Sources
There are many sources that researchers might access while
collecting data for qualitative research. These are done through
direct observations, focus groups, questionnaires, interviews,
records, and documentation (Jovancic, 2021). However, in this
study, we will only concentrate on collecting data from the
responses of the study's participants through the use of interviews.

33. Data Collection Procedure
First, the research study will
employ purposive sampling in
choosing our research
participants.
Second, because we will be doing
the research inside the school, we
must submit an informed consent
that is signed by the principal or
assistant principal of the school,
the practical research adviser(s),
and us, the researchers.
Fourth, the research participants
will receive an orientation on the
study to explain why it was
chosen and why we selected
them as research participants.
Third, our research
questionnaires will be validated
by the teachers of Atty. Orlando
S. Rimando National High
School. We will only choose
three teachers who have a
master's degree in education.

34. Data Analysis
The data that will be acquired for this study's qualitative
research will be analyzed by the researchers using thematic
analysis. Investigating patterns to find meaning is known as
thematic analysis. It demonstrates which themes are significant in
the explanation of the phenomenon being studied (Daly et al.,
1997). This is also used to discuss the study or to comment on the
phenomenon. A strong thematic analysis does more than just
summarize the data; it explains and clarifies it (Maguire &
Delahunt, 2017).

35. Trustworthiness of the Study
As researchers, we will ensure credibility in our study by employing rigorous
research methods appropriate for the research question. To ensure confirmability, we
should take several steps throughout the research process. Researchers should
document all the procedures, methods, and data used in the study to allow for
transparency and ensure the ability of the study to be replicated. To address
transferability, we will ensure that our research is carried out using accepted
concepts from previous research. To address transferability, we will ensure that our
research is carried out using accepted concepts from previous research.
Dependability in qualitative research refers to the consistency and reliability of the
study's findings and the degree to which they can be replicated or repeated by other
researchers.

36. Ethical Considerations
The researchers will submit a letter of consent and request authorization
from the school's research participants, who will play a crucial role in our
phenomenological study. The researchers, aim to provide more benefits and
gains than potential risks and harms by carrying out this study. We aim to express
our sincere gratitude and appreciation to our participants, such as through the use
of gratitude tokens. The researchers, will adhere the ethical recruitment
procedures, to ensure that LGBTQ+ students do not bear an undue burden of
participation, and fairly distribute tokens of appreciation for research participation.

38. Name of the Researchers
BALATERO, QUEEN JANREY GRACE H.
TALAVERA, QUEER KENT P.
GAMUTAN, VENZ RYAN V.
MONTERDE, SHERYL A.
MANOS, GWYNETH M.
BADIANG, ALJON V.
BAYOLA, FAITH R.