Lesson 1 - The First Years
- 3. â¢â«×¢×¡×§×⬠â«×€×ת××⬠â«××× ××⬠â«×××ס×â¬:Jivy Group,Playful Shark
â¢â«××× ××ך⬠â«×××¢×¥â¬â«×ס×ך×××€××â¬â«×ש×× ××⬠â«××ש×ק××⬠â«×ת××××â¬
â¢â«××ש×⬠â«×ש×ק×⬠â«××קךâ¬,â«××× ××××××⬠â«×××ע⬠â«××××⬠â«××ק×××š× ×â¬
â«××××⬠â«×ך⬠â«×××× ××ךס××ת⬠â«×××ך×â¬
â¢â«××××⬠â«×ª×⬠â«×××× ××ךס××ת⬠â«×ך׊×â¬(â«×ך×⬠â«×××ת⬠â«××⬠â«××¢×ךâ¬,
â«××©× ×§×šâ¬â«×××××⬠â«×××× ×××××⬠â«××××××â¬)â«×קש×ך××⬠â«×× ×ש×××â¬
â«××ש×⬠â«××ש×ק×â¬
â¢â«××¢××תת⬠â«×€×¢××⬠â«×××ך⬠â«×××ס×â¬GameIS
â«×¢××⬠â«×§×Š×ªâ¬
- 4. â«×ק×ךס⬠â«××× ×â¬
â¢â«×š×ש××⬠â«××קâ¬:â«×××ש×⬠â«×ש×ק×⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×××ך×תâ¬
ââ«×ש×ק×⬠â«×©×⬠â«×××ס××ך×⬠â«×¡××€×ך×⬠â«×ך×⬠â«×ª×¢×©×⬠â«××××ך×תâ¬
â«×××ש×â¬.â«××€×ךס×××⬠â«××ש×ק××⬠â«× ש×קâ¬,â«××׊ך××⬠â«× ××ךâ¬
â«××€×ךס×××â¬,â«×â¬'â«××¢××⬠â«×ש××××⬠â«×× ×š××â¬.
ââ«×קך×ת⬠â«×ש×ת׀ת⬠â«×ש׀×⬠â«×ס×ס⬠â«××׊×ך⬠â«×××⬠â«×××ק⬠â«××ךתâ¬
â«××ש×ק××⬠â«×ת×××⬠â«×©×× ×⬠â«××עש×ת⬠â«××€×¢×××תâ¬
- 5. â«×ק×ךס⬠â«××× ×â¬
â¢â«×©× ×⬠â«××קâ¬:â«×××ך××⬠â«×ש×ק××â¬
ââ«×ש×ק××⬠â«×ש××⬠â«× ×ת×⬠â«×××⬠â«×©×× ×ת⬠â«××ך×××⬠â«×ש××€×â¬
â«×××ך××â¬
ââ«××׊××⬠â«×ש×× ×ת⬠â«××ך×××⬠â«×××⬠â«×עש×⬠â«× ×ס×××⬠â«×Š××ךתâ¬
â¢â«×©××ש×⬠â«××קâ¬:â«××ש×ק××⬠â«×ª×š××תâ¬(â«×××⬠â«××××⬠â«××â¬)
- 6. â«×ק×ךס⬠â«××××תâ¬
â¢â«×§×š×××⬠â«×××תâ¬:James Paul Gee, What video games
have to teach us about learning and literacy, 2003
chapters 1 & 2 (pages 1-50)ââ«×קך×××⬠â«×ת⬠â«×ס×××⬠â«×שâ¬
â«×ק×ךס⬠â«×©×⬠â«××©× ×⬠â«×××ק⬠â«×ª×××ת⬠â«××€× ×â¬.
â¢â«×ש×ק××⬠â«×××ת×ת×××⬠â«×ש××⬠â«×ª×ךש×⬠â«×ק×ךס⬠â«×××××â¬
â«×©×× ×ת⬠â«×ך×××⬠â«××ך××¢â¬:
ââ«×ס×ך×⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×©××××â¬
ââ«××××××⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×©××××â¬
ââ«×ק×ך×⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×©××××â¬
ââ«×ש×ק⬠â«×× ×× ××⬠â«×©××××â¬
- 7. â«×ק×ךס⬠â«××××תâ¬
â¢â«×××ת×⬠â«×ª×׊×⬠â«××××ª× ×¡××ת⬠â«××תâ¬.â«×ש×××¢×ת⬠â«××××××⬠â«×¢××××â¬
â«×××ת×⬠â«××׊××⬠â«×ª×š×Š×⬠â«××ª× ×¡×ת⬠â«××××⬠â«×קך××××â¬
â¢â«×× ×ש×⬠â«××ך⬠â«×¢×××ת⬠â«×ª××ש×⬠â«××©× ×⬠â«×ס××£â¬:â«×š×ך×ס׀ק××××â¬
â«×××ך××⬠â«×ש×ק××⬠â«×ש××××⬠â«× ×ס××× ×ת×⬠â«×¢×â¬
â10-15â«×¢×××××â¬
ââ«××ש×ק××⬠â«×קש×ך××⬠â«×××××⬠â«×× ×ש×××⬠â«××⬠â«××ע⬠â«××€×× ×ªâ¬(â«×â¬'â«×× ×š××â¬
â«×××⬠â«××€×ךס×××⬠â«×ש×ק××â¬')
ââ«××××××⬠â«××ש×ק××⬠â«×קש×ך××⬠â«×× ×ש×××⬠â«××ע⬠â«××€×× ×ªâ¬(â«×§×š××תâ¬
â«×××××â¬,â«×ךש×ת⬠â«×§×š××תâ¬,â«×××ת×⬠â«××׊××ת⬠â«×©×××¢×ך⬠â«××××ךâ¬)
- 9. â«×€×š×â¬-â«××ס××ך××â¬
â¢â«×××⬠â«×ך×ש×× ×ת⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×××× ×תâ¬
â«×⬠â«×××× ×תâ¬Pinballâ«×¡×××××⬠â«×¢×â¬.â«×§××××תâ¬
â«×⬠â«×××××⬠â«××ך⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×××× ×תâ¬-15,
â«×⬠â«×××× ×ªâ¬ â«××â¬Pinballâ«×××××š× ×תâ¬
â«×⬠â«××©× ×ת⬠â«×€××€×××ך××ת⬠â«×Š×ך×â¬-30â«×©×â¬
â«×⬠â«××××â¬-20.
â¢â«× ×× ×⬠â«×š×ש×× ××⬠â«××××××××××⬠â«××ש×××â¬
â«×⬠â«×©× ×ת⬠â«×ת×××ת⬠â«××ךâ¬40(â«××¢×קךâ¬
â«××©× ×××⬠â«××¢×××⬠â«××××ת⬠â«××ס×ךתâ¬.)
â«×⬠â«××©× ×תâ¬50â«×ך×ש×× ××⬠â«×××ש×××â¬
â«××ק××××⬠â«×××קך⬠â«×©××ש×â¬.
- 10. OXO
â¢â«×©×€×ת×⬠â«×ך×ש××⬠â«×××ש×⬠â«×©×ש×ק⬠â«××¢× ×ת⬠â«×§××××תâ¬
â«×⬠â«×©×€×ת×⬠â«×š××ך⬠â«×××סס⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×××â¬1947.
â¢â«×××⬠â«××ש×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×××ש×⬠â«×ת××¢××â¬OXOâ«×⬠â«×©×€×ת×â¬
1952â«××שק⬠â«×× ×ש×⬠â«××ק××ך×⬠â«×¢×××ת⬠â«××ס×ךתâ¬
â«×⬠â«××ש×⬠â«×××â¬Cambridge.
â¢â«×¢××××⬠â«××קס⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×××⬠â«××ש×קâ¬,â«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×€×ת×â¬
â«×× ×§×š×⬠â«×ך×ש×× ××⬠â«×××ש×××â¬EDSAC.
- 11. Tennis for Two
â¢â«×⬠â«×€×ת×â¬1958â«×ס×ס⬠â«×¢×â¬
â«××ס׊×××סק××€â¬.
â¢â«××קך×⬠â«×שעשע⬠â«××ך×××ת⬠â«××ךת×â¬
â«××ךק⬠â«×× ××⬠â«×ק××⬠â«×€×ª×××⬠â«××¢×××â¬.
â¢â«×š×§â¬ â«×ת׀ךס×⬠â«××ש×קâ¬
â«×ת×קשך⬠â«×ש׀×⬠â«×עק××תâ¬
â«×××â¬Atariâ«×â¬Ralph Baer
(â«×××ש×⬠â«×€×š×××â¬)
- 12. Tech Model Railroad Club
â¢â«×â¬1946â«××ק×â¬"â«×××××⬠â«×××¢×××â¬
â«×š×××ת⬠â«××××â¬(Tech Model
Railroad Club)â«×â¬MIT.
â¢â«×⬠â«×©× ×ת⬠â«×ת×××תâ¬60â«××⬠â«×××¢××â¬
â«×ש××××⬠â«×××ק××⬠â«××ק×ך⬠â«×××â¬
â«××××⬠â«×©×× ×⬠â«×תך××תâ¬:
ââ«×××קך××⬠â«×ª×š××תâ¬
ââ«×׀ת××⬠â«×ק××⬠â«×ª×š××תâ¬
ââ«×××ש×⬠â«×ש×ק×⬠â«×ª×š××תâ¬
- 13. Spacewar!
â¢1961-â«×ש×⬠â«×¡×××× ×â¬Steve Russellâ«×¢××⬠â«×ש×ת××£â¬
â«×⬠â«××ך××⬠â«×ס׀ךâ¬TMRCâ«×©×⬠â«××€× ××⬠â«××××⬠â«×ת⬠â«× ×׊××â¬
â«×⬠â«××ש×â¬PDP-1â«×ש×ק⬠â«×׀ת×â¬.
(â«××ך×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×ת⬠â«×××¢××⬠â«××××â¬Mount
â«××××ץ⬠â«×Š×š××â¬Ctrl-Enterâ«×©××××â¬)
â¢â«×××⬠â«×××ש×⬠â«×××ךâ¬
120,000$(â«××××â¬
â«×⬠â«×§×š××â¬1M$)
- 14. The Galaxy Game
â¢â«×â¬1971â«×××€××⬠â«×š×ש××⬠â«× ×ס×××⬠â«××׊עâ¬
â«×תâ¬â«××ס×ך×⬠â«×××ש×⬠â«×ש×קâ¬
â¢â«×¡×××× ×××⬠â«×©× ×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«××׊ך×â¬
â«×ס×× ×¡×€×š×â¬:Bill Pittsâ«×â¬Hugh
Tuck.
â¢â«×¢×⬠â«××××€×¢×⬠â«××ש×קâ¬PDP-11
ââ«××××ת⬠â«×××× ×⬠â«×©×⬠â«×׊×ך⬠â«×¢××תâ¬
$20K.
ââ«×ש×ק⬠â«×¢××תâ¬10â«×¡× ×â¬
â¢â«××××⬠â«××ת⬠â«×××× ×⬠â«××׊ך×â¬
- 15. Nolan Bushnell
â¢â«×⬠â«××ש×â¬PDP-1â«×⬠â«××©× ×ת⬠â«××××⬠â«×€××€×××ך×⬠â«×××â¬60
â«××ך×⬠â«×××× ××ךס××××תâ¬"â«×â¬.
â¢â«××ש×ק⬠â«×§××â¬Spacewarâ«×ש×× ×ת⬠â«×××× ××ךס××××ת⬠â«×××⬠â«×××€×¥â¬
â«×××ש×⬠â«××××¢×⬠â«×ס×××× ×××⬠â«×קך×⬠â«×€××€×××ך×⬠â«××××â¬,â«×× ×××â¬
â«×××× ××ךס××ת⬠â«×××××××⬠â«×ת⬠â«×©×¡×××⬠â«×××©× ××⬠â«× ×××⬠â«××â¬Utahâ«×â¬
1968.
â¢â«×××©× ××â¬â«××⬠â«×€×ת×â¬-â«××׀סâ¬
â«××ס×ךת⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«××××× ×ªâ¬
â«×⬠â«×××× ×ס⬠â«×¢××××תâ¬Ampex.
â«×××ךת⬠â«××׊×ךף⬠â«×ת׀×ך⬠â«××â¬
Nuttingâ«×××⬠â«×××׊ך⬠â«×©×ס××××â¬
â«××ש×ק⬠â«×××× ×ת⬠â«×ת⬠â«××ת×â¬.
- 16. Computer Space
â¢â«×××©× ××⬠â«×©×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×××× ×ªâ¬
â«×ס×ף⬠â«×ס×ך×⬠â«××××€×⬠â«××׀׊×â¬
1971â«××ך×â¬18â«×€×ת××⬠â«×××ש×â¬
â«××׊×ךâ¬.
â¢â«××׊ך×â¬1,500â«×××× ×תâ¬ââ«××××⬠â«××â¬
â«× ××ך×â¬.
â¢â«××××â¬2008â«×××× ×⬠â«× ××ך×â¬
â«×⬠â«×ק×ך×תâ¬10,000$â«×â¬eBay
- 17. Pong
â¢â«×⬠â«××ךâ¬1971â«×¢×⬠â«×××⬠â«×××©× ××⬠â«×ק××â¬Ted Dabneyâ«×תâ¬
â«××ךתâ¬Syzygy(â«×©×⬠â«××שקע×â¬500$.)â«××©× ×ªâ¬1972
â«×⬠â«×©××⬠â«×ת⬠â«×××ך×⬠â«×©×× ×ª×â¬Atari.
â¢â«×â¬1972Atariâ«×ש×⬠â«××× ×ס⬠â«×©××ךתâ¬
Allan Alcornâ«×׀ת×⬠â«×× ×××⬠â«×©×ק××â¬
â«×× ×ת×⬠â«×××⬠â«×€×©××⬠â«×× ×ס⬠â«×ש×קâ¬.
â«×××⬠â«×€×ת×⬠â«×××⬠â«××ת×⬠â«××ש×קâ¬Pong.
â¢â«×××ך⬠â«××׊××⬠â«××€×××××⬠â«×××× ×ªâ¬
â«×ק×××€××š× ××â¬.â«×§×××⬠â«×××⬠â«×©×××¢×××⬠â«××ך×â¬
â«×ק××ק×ת⬠â«×©××××× ×⬠â«×××€××â¬,â«×××ע⬠â«×××â¬
â«××ק××⬠â«× ××ך⬠â«×©×€×©××⬠â«×××××⬠â«×תק×â¬
â«×××××¢×ת⬠â«×¢××ךâ¬
- 18. PONG
â¢â«×ת⬠â«×××׊ך⬠â«×××××⬠â«×××©× ××⬠â«××€×××××⬠â«×׊××ת⬠â«×עק××תâ¬
â«×ע׊××⬠â«××××× ×תâ¬.â«×©×⬠â«××××××⬠â«×ק××⬠â«×׊×××⬠â«×××â¬
50,000$(â«×š×⬠â«×ק×ש×â¬),â«××××ס⬠â«××שך×××⬠â«×ת⬠â«×××××â¬
â«×תעס×ק×⬠â«××ש×ת⬠â«×׊×ך⬠â«×¢××××â¬.
â¢â«× ××ך×⬠â«××××× ×ת⬠â«×ך×ש××⬠â«×××××⬠â«××ךâ¬
â«××ך×××⬠â«×ך×שâ¬,â«×××× ×⬠â«×©×⬠â«××׊×ך⬠â«×¢××תâ¬
â«×¢×⬠â«×¢××â¬300,$â«×××ך⬠â«× ××ך×⬠â«××××× ×â¬
â«×â¬1,200$â«×××⬠â«×¡×××⬠â«×¢××ך×⬠â«×××× ×ס×â¬
â«×¢××××⬠â«×©×⬠â«××׊×⬠â«×××ש⬠â«×××â¬.
â¢Atariâ«××ך×â¬2,500â«×⬠â«×××× ×תâ¬1973â«×â¬
8,000â«×â¬1974.
- 19. Trak10 & Gotcha
â¢â«×××ק××××⬠â«××××¢×⬠â«××׊×××⬠â«×¢×â¬(â«×â¬
Atariâ«×€×× ×⬠â«×××⬠â«××â¬.)â«×ס××£â¬1974
â«×⬠â«××××× ×ת⬠â«×©××ש⬠â«×š×§â¬PONGâ«×××â¬
â«×©×⬠â«×××תâ¬Atari.
â¢Atariâ«×××ש⬠â«××ש×××â¬,â«××¢××â¬
â«×š×§â¬ â«×׊ך×⬠â«×××ש××⬠â«××ת×ך××â¬
PONG,Atariâ«×ש×ק⬠â«×ת⬠â«×€×ת××â¬
â«×ך×ש××⬠â«××ך×׊××â¬Gran Trak 10
â«×ך×ש××⬠â«×××××⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«××תâ¬
Gotcha
- 20. Breakout
â¢â«×â¬1974Atariâ«×Š×¢×ך⬠â«××× ×ס⬠â«××עסקת⬠â«××××â¬
â«×ש×⬠â«××שâ¬Steve Jobs.
â¢â«×â¬1975â«×ש×⬠â«××ש⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×¢×׊×⬠â«×××©× ××â¬
Breakout,â«×⬠â«×©××ךש×⬠â«×עך××⬠â«×××⬠â«××שךâ¬75
â«×©××⬠â«××׊×ך⬠â«×ש×××××⬠â«××¢××××â¬(â«×ך××⬠â«×©××â¬),
â«×׊ע×⬠â«×××× ×ס××⬠â«×××⬠â«×׊×ע⬠â«×××â¬100$â«××× ×סâ¬
â«×©××ס××⬠â«×©××⬠â«××⬠â«×¢×â¬.
â¢Jobsâ«××ך×⬠â«××¢×ךתâ¬Steve Wozniakâ«×€×ת××â¬
â«×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×תâ¬25â«××ך×××××⬠â«××××⬠â«×©××××â¬
5,000$â«××× ×סâ¬.
â¢â«×â¬1976â«×ק×××â¬Jobsâ«×â¬Wozniakâ«×תâ¬Apple
- 22. Ralph Baer
â¢â«×××׊×××⬠â«×שת×ע⬠â«××¢×××⬠â«××⬠â«××¢××â¬
â«×©×â¬PONGâ«×©×ק⬠â«×©×⬠â«××××ת×⬠â«×׀ך×â¬
â«××××⬠â«×××ש×⬠â«×ש×ק×â¬,â«×××⬠â«×××â¬
â«××עת×⬠â«××׊×⬠â«×××¢×â¬...
â¢â«×â¬1938,â«××⬠â«××××ת×â¬16,â«×ך×â¬Ralph
Baerâ«××ך×⬠â«××ך×× ××⬠â«×ש׀×ת×⬠â«×¢×â¬"â«×â¬.
â¢â«×â¬1966â«×©×⬠â«××€××× ×Š×××⬠â«×ת⬠â«××××⬠â«××ךâ¬
â«×××××××××⬠â«×ש×ק××â¬
â¢â«×â¬1967â«×€×× ×⬠â«×€×× ×⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«×××××â¬
â«××ך⬠â«×š×××⬠â«××ש×קâ¬,â«×××ך×⬠â«×€×¢××××â¬.
â¢â«×â¬1968â«×§×× ×¡××ת⬠â«×š×¢×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×€×× ×⬠â«×š×©×â¬
â«×××ת×ת⬠â«××ש×קâ¬
- 23. â«×¢×⬠â«××¢× ××× ×ת⬠â«×¢××××ת⬠â«×§×Š×ªâ¬ â«×¢××â¬Ralph Baer
â¢â«××ש×ק⬠â«×ת⬠â«××׊××â¬
â«××׊×××â¬Simon
â¢â«×©×©××ק⬠â«×ך×ש××⬠â«××××â¬
â«×ך×××⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«××׀ס××â¬
â«×שתת׀××â¬(â«×©×××â¬
â«×€×ת×â¬)
â¢â«×⬠â«×××â¬"â«××××××ת⬠â«×××××â¬
â«×××× ××××××â¬"â«×××××â¬
â«×©××׊××⬠â«×××תך⬠â«×××××â¬
â«××ך×⬠â«××⬠â«××××ת⬠â«××××â¬"â«×â¬
- 24. Magnavox âOdysseyâ
â¢1972â«×©×⬠â«××××ך⬠â«××׀׊×⬠â«×ך×ש×× ×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×§×× ×¡××תâ¬
100$(â«××¢×â¬500$â«××××â¬.)
â¢â«××××¢×⬠â«×ק×× ×¡×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×××â¬12â«×ש×ק××â¬
â¢â«×××ש×ך⬠â«×ש×××ק⬠â«××ש×××â¬
â«××קך⬠â«××××ך×â¬â«××ס×××â¬
â«×¢××××ת⬠â«××××ך×תâ¬.
â¢â«×©×⬠â«×׊××ת×⬠â«×¢×â¬PONG
â«×€××€×××ך×⬠â«×××€×⬠â«×××ש×ךâ¬,
â«××⬠â«×××ך×⬠â«××ך⬠â«×©×⬠â«×ס××€×â¬
â«× ××ך×⬠â«×××ש×ך⬠â«×××â¬
100,000â«××ש×ך××â¬
- 25. â«×ת×××⬠â«×ך×ש×× ×⬠â«×××׊ך××⬠â«×××××ת⬠â«×ª××עתâ¬
â¢â«×⬠â«××ךâ¬1972â«×ת⬠â«×ª×ע⬠â«×ך⬠â«×š×××£â¬Atariâ«××××ת⬠â«×׀ךת⬠â«×¢×â¬
â¢â«××ס×ך⬠â«××××¢×⬠â«×׊××××â¬,Atariâ«×©××××â¬700,000$â«×¢××ךâ¬
â«×€×¢××⬠â«××⬠â«×š×ש×××â¬.â«×⬠â«×תך××⬠â«××ך⬠â«×©×⬠â«×ס××€×⬠â«×©××¢× ×ק⬠â«×ס×ךâ¬
Atariâ«×€×šâ¬ â«×š×ש×××⬠â«××ך⬠â«×ש××⬠â«×©× ×ךש×ת⬠â«×ת×ך×ת×⬠â«×¢×â¬
â«×××ך×â¬.
â¢â«××⬠â«××××××â¬"â«×©×⬠â«××××â¬
â«×××ש×⬠â«××ש×ק×⬠â«×ª×¢×©××תâ¬"
â«×××ךע⬠â«×ך×â¬.
- 26. Home Pong
â¢â«××©× ×ªâ¬1975Atariâ«×ת⬠â«××׊×××â¬Home Pong,â«××ש×ךâ¬
â«×ש×ק⬠â«×××׀שך⬠â«×š××××⬠â«×××××××××⬠â«××ת××ךâ¬PONG
â¢â«×©×⬠â«×××××⬠â«×תק×׀ת⬠â«××××××⬠â«××××⬠â«××ס׀ךâ¬1975â«××⬠â«× ××ךâ¬
â«×©××׊ך⬠â«×××××â¬:150,000â«××ש×ך××â¬,â«××תך⬠â«×¢×××⬠â«×× ×©××â¬
â«×ת⬠â«××§× ×ת⬠â«××××⬠â«×ת×ך⬠â«×שעת×××â¬PONG.
â¢â«×â¬1976â«××¢×â¬75â«××ך⬠â«××ך×תâ¬
â«×××××××××⬠â«×× ×ס⬠â«×ש×ק×⬠â«×׊ך×â¬.
â«×××ת×⬠â«×× ×××⬠â«××ש×××â¬
Colecoâ«×©×â¬76â«××ך×â¬
â«×××¢×⬠â«××ק×ך×× ××⬠â«×Š×¢×Š××¢××â¬
M100$.
- 27. Atari 2600
â¢â«×ך×ש××⬠â«×××ת×⬠â«×××ש×ך⬠â«××××ך⬠â«×©××⬠â«××ך×תâ¬,â«××××ךâ¬
â«×©×׊×××⬠â«×ך×ש××⬠â«×××ת×⬠â«×××ש×ךâ¬.
â¢â«×⬠â«××׀ץ⬠â«×××ש×ךâ¬1977â«××ש×⬠â«××ש×ק×⬠â«×©××¢× ×××⬠â«××××קâ¬
â«×××××⬠â«××׊×××⬠â«×××⬠â«×××⬠â«×€×תâ¬.
â¢â«××ךק×××⬠â«×©×ק⬠â«×©×⬠â«×××××שת⬠â«×ת××××â¬(â«×¢××⬠â«× ××ך⬠â«×¢×××â¬
â«××¢×â¬)â«××× ×¡×ת⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×ס×ךךת⬠â«××׊×××⬠â«×××ש×ך⬠â«×ת⬠â«××€××â¬
â«×©×â¬B2$â«×â¬1980.
â¢â«×ס×â¬"â«× ××ך×⬠â«×â¬30M
â«××ש×ך××â¬.
(â«×ש×ק⬠â«×ת××××â¬F2-â«×¢×⬠â«××ך××â¬TABâ«××â¬J)
Asteroids Combat
- 28. â¢â«×××׊×××⬠â«×ª×××××⬠â«×××⬠â«××××ך×⬠â«××⬠â«××׀ת×××â¬.â«×Š×ךתâ¬
â«×⬠â«×ת⬠â«××׊×ך⬠â«×××ך×ך⬠â«×׀ת×⬠â«×©×××××⬠â«×¢××××â¬Easter
eggâ«×ך×ש××â¬.â«× ×€×׊×⬠â«××××⬠â«××××⬠â«×©××⬠â«×ª××€×¢×â¬.
â«×¢×⬠â«×¢××â¬â«×××ך×â¬
â¢1977Time Warnerâ«×××ך×⬠â«×ת⬠â«×§× ×â¬
â¢1978â«×××¢××⬠â«×××©× ××â¬.
â¢â«××ך××⬠â«×××ק×ך×× ×ק×⬠â«××× ×ס⬠â«××××ך×â¬
â«××ש×ק⬠â«×€×š×⬠â«×××â¬ââ«×××⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«××â¬
â«×××⬠â«××ש⬠â«×©×⬠â«×¢××××â¬.â«×ך××××⬠â«××â¬
â«××ש×קâ¬:â«×ךע×××â¬,â«××€×ת××â¬,â«××ך׀×ק×â¬,
â«×ס××× ×â¬,â«×××⬠â«×××ך××ת⬠â«××××⬠â«××××ק×תâ¬
â«×××â¬.
Adventure
- 29. Activision
â¢â«×â¬1979â«×¢×××××⬠â«×ס׀ךâ¬
â«×ת⬠â«×¢×××⬠â«××ך×××â¬Atari
â«×ת⬠â«××ק×××â¬Activision
â¢Atariâ«×ת⬠â«×ת××¢×â¬
Activisionâ«×׀ךת⬠â«×¢×â¬
â«××׊ך××⬠â«×××××תâ¬.â«×ª×××¢×â¬
â«×⬠â«×©×××ךע×â¬1982
â«××××תâ¬Activision
â¢â«××ש×ק××⬠â«×€×ת××⬠â«××ךתâ¬
â«×ך×ש×× ×â¬
Pitfall
- 31. Space Invaders
â¢â«×××€×⬠â«×ך×ש×× ×⬠â«××€×¢×⬠â«××××¢×⬠â«×××××שת⬠â«××תע×ךך×תâ¬.â«×â¬
1978â«×ש×⬠â«××ך×â¬Taitoâ«×ש×⬠â«×ש×ק⬠â«××׊××â¬Space
Invaders.
â¢â«××ש×ך⬠â«×ך××⬠â«×××€×⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×©×⬠â«××ס×ךךת⬠â«××׊×××â¬
â«×׊×ך⬠â«×ת⬠â«×ש×ש⬠â«×××ש××⬠â«×ת⬠â«×©×××××⬠â«×××€×⬠â«××××¢×תâ¬
â«×©×⬠â«×××××¢×תâ¬100â«××â¬.
â¢â«××ך×â¬"â«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×©××ק×⬠â«××××× ×⬠â«×â¬Midwayâ«××ך×⬠â«×©× ×â¬
â«×ס×ךךת⬠â«××׊×××⬠â«××€××⬠â«×©×⬠â«×××⬠â«×××€×⬠â«×©×©××ק×â¬.
â¢â«×â¬1980â«×ךסת⬠â«×××׊ךת⬠â«××ש×קâ¬Atari 2600â«××ש×קâ¬
â«×××ש×ך⬠â«×××ך×ת⬠â«×ת⬠â«×©×ק׀×׊×â¬.
(â«×¢×⬠â«×××××¥â¬5â«×××â¬1)
- 32. Galaxian - Galga
â¢Galaxian-â«×ך×ש××⬠â«×׊××¢×× ×⬠â«××ש×קâ¬,â«× ×ש×â¬
â«××⬠â«×©×⬠â«×××ש××â¬'â«×× ×šâ¬,â«×⬠â«×׊×â¬1979â«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×××€×¥â¬
Midway
â¢Galagaâ«××׀ת×⬠â«××ש××â¬
â«××⬠â«×ת⬠â«××תך⬠â«×¢××â¬'â«×× ×šâ¬-â«×׊×â¬
â«×â¬1981ââ«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×€×ת×â¬
Namcoâ«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×××€×¥â¬
Midway
- 33. Pac(Puck)-man
â¢â«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×€×ת×â¬Namcoâ«×⬠â«×××€×â¬1980,
â«×××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×××€×¥â¬Midwayâ«××ך×â¬"â«×â¬.
â¢â«× ש×⬠â«×ק××⬠â«××⬠â«××€× ×ת⬠â«××××⬠â«××××××⬠â«× ×ת×â¬,
â«×××⬠â«××ס׀×ך×⬠â«××ך××ת⬠â«×ש×ק×⬠â«×××⬠â«×× ××××â¬
â«××××⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×ש×קâ¬.
â¢â«××ש⬠â«×©×⬠â«×ת××€×¢×⬠â«××€×⬠â«××ש×קâ¬,â«×©×¢×šâ¬
â«×××××⬠â«××××××â¬,â«×¢×⬠â«×××ססת⬠â«××ס×ק×â¬
â«××ש×ק⬠â«×€×¡×§××â¬,â«×׊××ך××⬠â«×¡×š×××â¬
â«×××××××××â¬
â¢â«×â¬1982â«×⬠â«×ךס×⬠â«×××× ×â¬Atari 2600-
â«×××× ×â¬12Mâ«×§×××תâ¬,â«×¢×ªâ¬ â«×©×××ת×⬠â«××ך×תâ¬
â«×š×§â¬ â«×××â¬10Mâ«××ש×ך×â¬Atari 2600â«××¢×××â¬.
- 34. â«×©×⬠â«×ס××€×ךâ¬Missile Command
â¢â«×â¬1980â«×©×⬠â«×××תך⬠â«××׊×××××⬠â«××ש×ק××⬠â«×××â¬Atari
â«×××â¬Missile Command
â¢â«×⬠â«×¡×××× ×××⬠â«×©× ×â¬MIT,â«×©××× ×ª×⬠â«×ךק××⬠â«××¢××â¬,â«×§××⬠â«×ת××â¬
â«××⬠â«×קך××⬠â«××ש×ק⬠â«×©××ך××â¬Super Missile Attack
- 35. Ms. Pac man
â¢â«×⬠â«×××⬠â«×©×ת××⬠â«××©× ×⬠â«×ש×ך××⬠â«×§××â¬
Pac Manâ«×§×š××⬠â«×××â¬Ms. Pac man.
â¢â«×× ××ךת⬠â«××קך×××⬠â«×××× ×ªâ¬ â«×××××⬠â«× ×××â¬
â«××ך×⬠â«×××תךâ¬"â«×â¬â115,000â«×××× ×תâ¬
â«× ××ך×â¬.
â¢â«×¢×⬠â«××ש׀××⬠â«××××ק⬠â«×¡×××⬠â«×××ךâ¬
Atariâ«×⬠â«×€× ×⬠â«×ס×××× ×××â¬Namco
â«×××××× ×ת⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×©×©×××â¬.
â¢Pac-Manâ«×â¬Ms. Pac-Manâ«××â¬
â«××¢×⬠â«×©××ך×⬠â«×××××××⬠â«××ש×ק××â¬
100,000â«××ך×⬠â«×××× ×תâ¬"â«×â¬.
- 36. Donkey Kong
â¢â«×â¬1977â«×©×ך×⬠â«× ×× ×× ××⬠â«×ש×⬠â«××ך×â¬
â«×©××ך×⬠â«×ש×⬠â«××ש⬠â«××׊ך⬠â«×ע׊×â¬
â«××××××â¬.â«×××ך×⬠â«××ך××⬠â«×××⬠â«××××××â¬
â«×¢×Š××⬠â«××ךק×××⬠â«×××× ×ת⬠â«××¢×׊××â¬,
â«××××× ×⬠â«×¢×⬠â«××׊××ך⬠â«×××ך×â¬.
â¢â«×â¬1979â«×ע׊×⬠â«×××××× ×ת⬠â«×××â¬
â«×ש×קâ¬.
â¢â«×××⬠â«×׊ך⬠â«××ת×⬠â«×ך×ש××⬠â«××ש×קâ¬
Donkey Kongâ«×⬠â«××׀ץ⬠â«×שךâ¬1981
â«×ס×ךךת⬠â«××׊×××⬠â«××××â¬.
â¢â«×©×⬠â«×¡××€×ך⬠â«××⬠â«×©×ש⬠â«×ך×ש××⬠â«××ש×קâ¬
â«××ש×ק⬠â«×¢×⬠â«×××××⬠â«××××ת⬠â«××שâ¬
- 37. The golden age of Video Games
â¢â«×תעש×××⬠â«××תך⬠â«×××⬠â«××××ת⬠â«××××⬠â«×©××⬠â«× ך××â¬
â«×××ש×â¬.
â¢â«×××× ××××××⬠â«××ס×××תâ¬,â«×©×⬠â«×××××× ×ת×××⬠â«×תך××ת×××â¬
â«××× ××⬠â«××⬠â«××ש⬠â«×××××â¬.
â¢â«×××⬠â«×××ך×תâ¬:Atari, Nintendo, Namco, Taitoâ«×â¬
Midwayâ«××× ×⬠â«×××ך××⬠â«××××××ך××⬠â«×©××××⬠â«×ת⬠â«××××××â¬
â«×ש×ש×⬠â«×©×קâ¬.
â¢â«××××¢×⬠â«×××â¬1983...