nursing research education slide

1. Relationship Among
Theory, Research,
and Practice
BY
ABRAR HUSSAIN

2. Objectives
By the end of the session the learners will be able
to ;
• Describe relationship between theory and research
• Discuss relationship between theory and practice
• Explain relationship between research and practice
• Discuss theoretical framework

3. Introduction
• Many nurses lack a true understanding of the
interrelationship among theory, research, and
practice and its importance to the continuing
development of nursing as a profession
(Pryjmachuk, 1996).
• As early as the 1970s, nursing scholars commented on
the relationships among theory, research, and practice.
• Nursing leaders urged that nursing research be
combined with theory development to provide a
rational basis for practice (Flaskerud, 1984; Moody,
1990

4. Cont……..
•In applied disciplines such as nursing,
practice is based on the theories that are
validated through research.
•Thus, theory, research, and practice affect
each other in a reciprocal, cyclical, and
interactive way (Hickman, 2002; Marrs &
Lowry, 2006)

5. Cont……
Research Practice
Theory

6. Relationship Between Theory
and Research
• Research validates and modifies theory.
• In nursing, theories stimulate nurse scientists to
explore significant problems in the field of nursing. In
doing so, the potential for the development of nursing
knowledge increases (Meleis, 2007).
• When empirically tested, the results of research can be
used to verify, modify, disprove, or support a
theoretical proposition.

7. Relationship Between Theory
and Practice
• Theory guides practice.
• One of the primary uses of theory is to contribute
insights about nursing practice situations through
provision of goals for assessment, diagnosis, and
intervention.
• Through practice, nursing theory is shaped and
guidelines for practice evolve.
• Theory renders practice more efficient and more
effective, and the ultimate benefit of theory
application in nursing is the improvement in client
care (Meleis, 2007).

8. Relationship Between
Research and
Practice
• Research is the key to the development of a discipline.
• Middle range and practice theories may be tested in
practice through clinical research (Hickman, 2002).
• If individual practitioners are to develop expertise,
they must participate in research.
• In summary,there is a need to encourage nurses to test
and refine theories and models to develop their own
personal models of practice (Marrs & Lowry, 2006;
Pryjmachuk, 1996).

9. Theoretical framework in
nursing
• A theoretical framework in nursing provides a structure
that guides and informs research, practice, and
education.
• It serves as a foundation for understanding, analyzing,
and interpreting nursing phenomena.
• Theoretical frameworks help nurses conceptualize their
work, develop nursing knowledge, and contribute to the
advancement of the profession.

10. Nursing Metaparadigm
• Person: The individual receiving nursing care.
• Environment: The surroundings and context in
which nursing care occurs.
• Health: The state of well-being and the goal of
nursing care.
• Nursing: The actions, roles, and
responsibilities of the nurse.

11. Grand Nursing Theories
• Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory:
Emphasizes the impact of the environment on health and
well-being.
• Hildegard Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory:
Focuses on the nurse-patient relationship and the
therapeutic process of nursing.
• Virginia Henderson's Need Theory: Defines nursing as
assisting individuals in meeting their basic human needs.

12. Middle-Range Nursing Theories
• Imogene King's Theory of Goal Attainment:
Explores how nurses and patients interact to achieve
mutually agreed-upon goals.
• Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory: Examines
the role of the nurse in helping individuals meet self-
care needs.

13. Conceptual Models
• Roy's Adaptation Model: Examines how individuals
adapt to changes in their environment and the role of
nursing in facilitating this adaptation.
• Neuman's Health Care Systems Model: Focuses on
stressors and the nurse's role in helping individuals
maintain stability in the face of stressors.

14. Transcultural NursingTheory
Leininger'
s
Cultural
• Madeleine
Emphasizes
Care Theory:
the importance of understanding
and incorporating cultural factors into nursing
care.

15. Cont……
• It's important to note that nurses may draw from
multiple theories and frameworks to inform their
practice, depending on the context and specific
needs of the patient population.
• Additionally, nursing theories continue to evolve
as the profession responds to new challenges and
research findings.

16. SUMMARIZATION