This document discusses the POSDCORB framework for management and administration. It defines each letter in the acronym: P is for Planning, which involves deciding courses of action in advance. O is for Organizing, which is establishing an organizational structure and dividing work. S is for Staffing, which refers to recruiting and training employees. D is for Directing, which provides guidance to employees. C is for Coordinating, which involves interrelating different parts of an organization. O is for Reporting, which keeps authorities informed of progress. R is for Budgeting, which is the process of planning future financial requirements through estimating income and expenses. The document provides details on each management function represented in the POSDC

1. ADMNISTRATION
process and activities

2. Introduction
 Libraries have to operative within the framework etc. of the
parent body.
 Library Manager might be a member of executive committees
and directly participate in decision making.
 Librarian design policies and proposals for approval .
 Librarian carry out dual responsibilities as a administrator and
manager

3. POSDCORB
 POSDCORB is an acronym widely used in the field
of Management and Public Administration.
 It first appeared in a 1937 staff paper by Luther
Gulick and Lyndall Urwick.

4. POSDCORB
 In Gulick's own
words, the elements
of POSDCORB are as
follows:

5. POSDCORB

6. Planning
► The word ‘plan’ used in the meaning of ‘to forecast’, and ‘to
plan’.
► Planning also called forethought
► It is a process of thinking about activities required to achieve a
desired goal.
► Deciding about all the aspects of activities is called
planning.
► A process of taking decisions and way outs to perform
work or works.

7. Definition of planning
 According ot koontz and O’donnell,”
Planning is deciding in advance What to
do , how to do it, when to do it, and who
is to do it.” It gives courses of action for
the organization.

8. Areas of Planning
► (1) Objectives
► (2) Policies
► (3) Procedures
► (4) Rules
► (5) Programmes
► (6) Strategies

9. Characteristics of planning…
►Planning focuses on achieving the
objectives: Management begins with
planning and planning begins with the
determining of objectives. In the absence
of objectives no organization can ever be
thought about.

10. Characteristics of planning…
►Planning is the basic, primary, first and
important managerial function at all
executive levels. The other functions come
later. In the absence of planning no other
function of management can be
performed.

11. Characteristics of planning…
►planning is continuous process which
begins with the beginning of business
itself and ends with the ending of the
business. It means that as long a business
exists, the planning process is continuous.

12. Characteristics of planning…
►Planning is a mental exercise. It is related
to thinking before doing something.
►It decides the plan of action:
► (1) What to do?
►(2) how to do it?
►(3)When to do it?
►(4) Who is to do it?
►Under the planning, answer to these
questions are found out.

13. Importance…
►Planning increases the efficiency of an
organization.
►It reduces the risks of uncertainty involved
in modern business activities.
► It utilizes with maximum efficiency the
available time and resources.
►Planning provides direction

14. Importance…
►Reduce overlapping and wasteful activities
►Facilitate decision making
►Standard for controlling
►It is needed at every level of the
management.
►In the absence of planning all the business
activities of the organization will become
meaningless.

15. Importance…
► The first and most important function of an
administrator and manager.
► Planning is preparing a sequence of action steps
to achieve some specific goal.
► A plan is like a map. When following a plan, you
can always see how much you have progressed
towards your project goal and how far you are
from your destination.
► remove the basic defects and their future
implications.

16. Planning Process
►identifies the goals or objectives to be
achieved,
►formulates strategies to achieve them,
►arranges or creates the means required,
and implements, directs, and monitors all
steps in their proper sequence

17. Limitations of planning
Planning is needed both in the business and non business
organizations. Following are the limitations of planning.
► Planning does not work in Dynamic Environment.
► Planning reduce creativity.
► Planning takes a lot of time.
► Planning does not guarantee of success rather more
efforts have to be made for it.

18. Organizing
 Organizing is the process of identifying,
grouping and structuring the
work/tasks/goals/activities to be
performed in order to attain objectives.
 Organizational structure is established and
subdivisions are arranged for achieving
the set goals.

19. Meaning and Definition…
 Gulick's explaining that if an executive's
workload becomes too overwhelming, some of
the elements of the basic functions can be
organized as subdivisions of the executive,
depending on the size and complexity of the
enterprise.
 Under Organizing, Gulick emphasized the
division and specialization. Work specialization
is the degree to which organizational tasks are
sub-divided into individual jobs.

20. Importance
 To perform work smoothly and efficiently.
 To avoid confusion and overwhelming
 To Save time and labour
 To provide services efficiently
 To help in controlling
 To help in accountability
 To share powers and make them responsible
 To help in job description
 To make easy to decide about training to staff

21. Steps in organization
(1) Identification of activities.
(2) Organizing the activities.
(3) Classifying the authority. Classify the powers
(4) Coordination between authority and
responsibility. Smooth interaction.

22. Purpose…
1. Helps to achieve organizational goals.
Organization is employed to achieve the overall
objectives.
2. Optimum use of resources. To make optimum use of
resources such as men, material, money, machine and
method, it is necessary to design an organization
properly.

23. Purpose…
3. To perform managerial function.
Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and
Controlling cannot be implemented without proper
organization.
4. Facilitates growth and diversification.
A good organization structure is essential for
expanding business activity.

24.  Efficient work totally depend upon proper staff
and recruitment policies.
 Staffing, that is the whole personnel function of
bringing in and training the staff and maintaining
favorable conditions of work;
 Staffing is the process of hiring, positioning and
overseeing employees in a library.
Staffing

25. Directing
 DIRECTING is said to be a process in which the
managers instruct, guide and oversee the performance
of the workers to achieve predetermined goals.
 Directing is the continuous task of making decisions and
drive in general and specific orders and instruction and
continuously monitoring and look after.
 Directing initiates action and it is from here actual work
starts.
 In simple words, it can be described as providing
guidance to workers is doing work.

26. Directing…
 In field of management, direction is said to be all those
activities which are designed to encourage the
subordinates to work effectively and efficiently.
 Directing consists of process or technique by which
instruction can be issued and operations can be carried
out as originally planned.
 Directing is the function of guiding, inspiring, overseeing
and instructing people towards accomplishment of
organizational goals.

27. Coordinating
 Coordinating, that is the all important duty of
interrelating the various parts of the work;
 Leader can properly inter-relate various parts of an
organization in a harmonious way.
 In coordination the role of the leader is crucial.
Coordination will be successful only if leader know each
and every work of library and interact properly.

28. Coordinating…
 Successful coordination if the power are shared or
vested to all the subdivisions and make them responsible
and accountable them for their works.
 integration of activities, responsibilities, and command
and control structures to ensure that the resources of
an organization are used most efficiently in pursuit of
the specified objectives.

29. Reporting
 Means keeping authorities informed about the progress of his work.
 It is a sound practical of organization that a periodical report is
asked from a head of an enterprise.
 Such reports should be factual one based upon actual and faithful
statistical data.
 Annual report to the executive authority concerned.
 The librarian has to ask various section heads of to maintain proper
records and statistics.


30. Budgeting
 Budgeting is the process of planning for future financial
requirements to achieve goals and objectives.
 The budget can be stated in terms of income and
expenses.
 Budget is defined as an estimate often itemized of
expected income and expense or operating results for a
given period in the future. Thus a library budget is an
estimate of expected income and expenditure of the
library for the coming year.

31. Budgeting…
 As budget is an estimate, therefore, it can be altered, if
the circumstances change. It needs to be flexible
enough to meet the changing needs. However, any
alteration should be carried out very carefully.
 Budgeting in libraries is usually done on yearly basis. On
the other hand an annual financial report or statement
tell us as to what was achieved as what could be done
last year.

32. THE END