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Bio Sci D121
          STEM CELL BIOLOGY

Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology
                          4/3/10




                Introduction to the course
             Info about group presentations
            Introduction to stem cell biology
                     Group discussion
Instructor Information
                  Leslie Lock, Ph.D.
                  office: Gross Hall 3031
                  e-mail: llock@uci.edu

                  Peter Donovan, Ph.D.
                  office: Gross Hall 3002
                  e-mail: pdonovan@uci.edu

                  Alex Stover
                  e-mail: astover@uci.edu


                   Office Hours
Dr Lock:        Wed     10:00 to 11am        Gross Hall, 3031
Dr Donovan:     Fri     10:00 to 11am        Gross Hall, 3002
Alex Stover:    Wed     1:00 to 2 pm         BioSci III 2130

                      Class Website
                 http://eee.uci.edu/12s/05370
Course Information
Meeting Time:      Tuesdays & Thursdays 9:30-10:45 am
                   Regular attendance is expected and advantageous, but not required.
Meeting Place:     Nat Sci II Rm 4201
Prerequisites:     BIOL 433 with grade of C or better.
Format:            Lecture / discussion.
                   Group presentations & discussions of research papers.
Text:              None required.
Recommended:       Scott, CT, Stem Cell Now, Penguin Group, 2006
                   Goldstein, LSB & Schneider, M, Stem Cells for Dummies, 2010
Reference texts:   Lanza, R ed., Stem Cell Biology, 2nd ed. Elsevier Pub Co., 2009
                   Gilbert, S.F., Developmental Biology, 8th ed. Sinauer Pub Co., 2006

Efforts will be made to accommodate special needs. It is the student’s responsibility to
communicate the needs to DR. LOCK as soon as possible in order to make the necessary
arrangements.
You are expected to uphold the university's standards of academic honesty including
plagiarism on all exams.
Course Objectives

By the end of this class you should be able to...

Describe the sources, isolation, and characteristics of stem cells.
Compare and contrast totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, and unipotent stem cells.
Compare and contrast embryonic and tissue-specific (adult) stem cells.
Evaluate uses of stem cells for studying and treating human disease.
Interpret, evaluate, discuss, and present papers from the primary literature.
Course Requirements

Grades will be based on the following:
   Midterm exam                          30%
         50% multiple choice
         50% short answer
   Final exam                            40%
         25% multiple choice
         50% short answer
         25% essay
   Group Discussions                     10%
   Key Questions presentations           20%
Lecture Schedule
Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology
                        3/29/11




                Introduction to the course
          Group discussions and presentations
            Introduction to stem cell biology
                     Group discussion
Week 2 Techniques Group Presentation
Week 4 Group Discussions
Week 9 Key Research Questions
Presenting your group’s research proposal

           • Structure of talk
           • Common problems in slides
Be Prepared
•   Thoroughly understand information you are
    presenting before the talk
    – Ask someone
• Practice the talk, then practice again
∀ Χηεχκ ψουρ σλιδεσ βεφορε ψου ταλκ
  (Check your slides before your talk)
• Know the equipment
• Check video files




                                            Donovan
Giving a Presentation

•   Start slowly to give the audience time to settle
    down and focus on you
•   Speak up!
•   Talk to the audience not the screen
•   Convey your excitement about your proposal
•   Remember you are telling a story
•   Sometimes less is more




                                                       Donovan
Frame Your Talk

•   Tell people what you are going to tell them
•   Tell it to them
•   Tell them what you just told them




                                                  Donovan
Presenting your group’s research proposal

           • Structure of talk
           • Common problems in slides
Start and finish each slide
• Have a title on each slide
• Summarize the conclusions at the end of each slide



DON’T USE ALL CAPITAL LETTERS
 •   ALL CAPS IS DIFFICULT TO READ




                                                   Donovan
Use a font that can be read from the back of the room
Remember, most of the faculty are old and cannot see well

                                         Thompson   Med Biochemistry    8/8/2007 10:15    8/8/2007 12:15


  Carbohydrates 2                        Thompson   Med Biochemistry    8/9/2007 10:15    8/9/2007 12:15


  Carbohydrates 3                        Thompson   Med Biochemistry   8/10/2007 10:15   8/10/2007 12:15


  Carbohydrates 4                        Thompson   Med Biochemistry    8/13/2007 9:00   8/13/2007 10:00


  Carbohydrates 5                        Thompson   Med Biochemistry   8/13/2007 10:15   8/13/2007 12:15


  Mitochondria Structure and Funtion 1   Wallace    Med Biochemistry    8/14/2007 8:00   8/14/2007 10:00


  Mitochondria Structure and Funtion 2   Wallace    Med Biochemistry   8/14/2007 10:15   8/14/2007 12:15


  Lipids 1                               Kaiser     Med Biochemistry    8/15/2007 8:00   8/15/2007 10:00


  Lipids 2                               Kaiser     Med Biochemistry   8/15/2007 10:15   8/15/2007 12:15


  Membranes 1                            Kaiser     Carbohydrates 1     8/16/2007 8:00   8/16/2007 10:00


  Membranes 2                            Kaiser     Med Biochemistry   8/16/2007 10:15   8/16/2007 12:15


  Membranes 3                            Kaiser     Med Biochemistry    8/17/2007 8:00   8/17/2007 10:00


  Protein Biochemistry 1                 Steele     Med Biochemistry    8/21/2007 8:00   8/21/2007 10:00


  Protein Biochemistry 2                 Steele     Med Biochemistry    8/22/2007 8:00   8/22/2007 10:00


  Protein Biochemistry 3                 Steele     Med Biochemistry   8/22/2007 10:15   8/22/2007 12:15


  Protein Biochemistry 4                 Steele     Med Biochemistry    8/23/2007 8:00   8/23/2007 10:00


  Amino Acid Metabolism 1                Dai        Med Biochemistry   8/23/2007 10:15   8/23/2007 12:15


  Amino Acid Metabolism 2                Dai        Med Biochemistry    8/24/2007 8:00   8/24/2007 10:00




                                                                                                           Donovan
Too much text can be distracting
The problem with putting too much text on the slide is that people feel
obligated to try and read what you have written. Consequently, they try
and read and then don’t pay full attention to what you are actually
saying. In other words it is distracting. Often that means that no-one
manages to actually finish reading what you have written before you are
ready to move on to the next slide. Then you move on to the next slide
and they are left sitting there thinking “Oh, I must have missed
something, maybe I should have listened instead of reading. But now it
is too late. Oh my god what am I going to do!”
But don’t worry there are solutions to this problem. Better to put bullets
of what you want to talk about and have the audience listen to you than
force them to have to read several entire paragraphs of writing in a small
font that they can hardly see from the back of the room.
Anyway, those are my thoughts on the matter. I don’t know what do you
think? You’re sitting there at the back of the room squinting and trying to
read all this crap. Do you have an opinion?
                                                                   Donovan
Bullet statements
Problem
  • Too many words on slide
  • Audience is reading instead of listening
  • Audience is confused and panicky!!!


Solution
  • Use bullet statements
Lack of labels can lead to confusion!




                                        Donovan
Gene Expression in human ES Cells:
            Microarray Analysis




= overexpressed
= underexpressed




                                      Donovan
Busy slides can be distracting




                                 Donovan
Induced pluripotent stem cells:
Induction, morphology and gene expression
                B           C
Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology
                         3/29/11




                Introduction to the course
              Presenting a research paper
            Introduction to stem cell biology
                     Group discussion
Ancient Greeks
    The first stem cell biologists?
According to Greek myth:
To punish Prometheus for giving fire back to the humans,
   Zeus chained Prometheus to a boulder and had a
   giant bird eat his liver.
At dusk each day, the bird flew away, Prometheus’ liver grew back,
   the bird returned the following day to feast again.
The Dawn of the Nuclear Age




On August 6, 1945, the nuclear     By the end of the year,
weapon, Little Boy, was dropped    injury and radiation brought
on Hiroshima directly killing an   total casualties to
estimated 70,000 people.           90,000-140,000 people.
The Remarkable Biology of Stem Cells



              Stem Cell


  The Niche
The Remarkable Biology of Stem Cells



              Stem Cell


  The Niche
Stem Cells Exist Throughout our Bodies
 The human body has 10 trillion cells, more than 250 different types
 Some tissues continually renew themselves from adult stem cells




  Neuronal stem cell
                                                     Skin stem cell




Bone marrow stem cell                              Intestinal stem cell
Stem cells in modern medicine
• Stem cells in bone marrow can reconstitute blood cells
• First successful HPC transplants in 1960s
• Treatment for immunodeficiency disorders and leukemia
What are the key properties of stem cells?
  1. Ability to self renew




  2. Ability to develop into different types of mature cells


                                              Nervous system
                                                 Heart
                                              Muscle
                                                 Bone marrow
                                               Pancreas
The Remarkable Biology of Stem Cells


    Adult Stem Cell




Pluripotent Stem Cell
Types of stem cells

Occurrence in development
    • embryo
    • adult
Location
    • liver
    • bone marrow
Variety of specialized cells formed
    • totipotent
    • pluripotent
    • multipotent
    • unipotent
Totipotent cells
         Able to form all lineages of the organism




zygote            embryo        fetus                adult
Pluripotent Stem Cells
Able to form all lineages in the body
Multipotent Stem Cells
Able to form multiple cell types of one lineage




    Hematopoietic
      stem cells




               Mesenchymal
                stem cells
Unipotent Stem Cells
                   Able to form only one cell type.




Spermatogonial stem cells                             Sperm
Key Points

1.   Key properties of stem cells
     •   Ability to self renew
     •   Ability to differentiate into a variety of specialized cells

2.   Different types of stem cells
     •    Embryonic versus adult
     •    Tissue type
     •    Extent of ability to differentiate
          – Totipotent
          – Pluripotent
          – Multipotent
          – Unipotent
Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology
                         3/29/11




                Introduction to the course
              Presenting a research paper
            Introduction to stem cell biology
                     Group discussion
Group Discussion


1. Name your group
2. Prepare a ppt slide
         - group name
         - group picture
         - names of people in the group
3. Upload ppt to dropbox on class website
No tomorrow without stem cells

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Lec1

  • 1. Bio Sci D121 STEM CELL BIOLOGY Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology 4/3/10 Introduction to the course Info about group presentations Introduction to stem cell biology Group discussion
  • 2. Instructor Information Leslie Lock, Ph.D. office: Gross Hall 3031 e-mail: llock@uci.edu Peter Donovan, Ph.D. office: Gross Hall 3002 e-mail: pdonovan@uci.edu Alex Stover e-mail: astover@uci.edu Office Hours Dr Lock: Wed 10:00 to 11am Gross Hall, 3031 Dr Donovan: Fri 10:00 to 11am Gross Hall, 3002 Alex Stover: Wed 1:00 to 2 pm BioSci III 2130 Class Website http://eee.uci.edu/12s/05370
  • 3. Course Information Meeting Time: Tuesdays & Thursdays 9:30-10:45 am Regular attendance is expected and advantageous, but not required. Meeting Place: Nat Sci II Rm 4201 Prerequisites: BIOL 433 with grade of C or better. Format: Lecture / discussion. Group presentations & discussions of research papers. Text: None required. Recommended: Scott, CT, Stem Cell Now, Penguin Group, 2006 Goldstein, LSB & Schneider, M, Stem Cells for Dummies, 2010 Reference texts: Lanza, R ed., Stem Cell Biology, 2nd ed. Elsevier Pub Co., 2009 Gilbert, S.F., Developmental Biology, 8th ed. Sinauer Pub Co., 2006 Efforts will be made to accommodate special needs. It is the student’s responsibility to communicate the needs to DR. LOCK as soon as possible in order to make the necessary arrangements. You are expected to uphold the university's standards of academic honesty including plagiarism on all exams.
  • 4. Course Objectives By the end of this class you should be able to... Describe the sources, isolation, and characteristics of stem cells. Compare and contrast totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, and unipotent stem cells. Compare and contrast embryonic and tissue-specific (adult) stem cells. Evaluate uses of stem cells for studying and treating human disease. Interpret, evaluate, discuss, and present papers from the primary literature.
  • 5. Course Requirements Grades will be based on the following: Midterm exam 30% 50% multiple choice 50% short answer Final exam 40% 25% multiple choice 50% short answer 25% essay Group Discussions 10% Key Questions presentations 20%
  • 7. Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology 3/29/11 Introduction to the course Group discussions and presentations Introduction to stem cell biology Group discussion
  • 8. Week 2 Techniques Group Presentation
  • 9. Week 4 Group Discussions
  • 10. Week 9 Key Research Questions
  • 11. Presenting your group’s research proposal • Structure of talk • Common problems in slides
  • 12. Be Prepared • Thoroughly understand information you are presenting before the talk – Ask someone • Practice the talk, then practice again ∀ Χηεχκ ψουρ σλιδεσ βεφορε ψου ταλκ (Check your slides before your talk) • Know the equipment • Check video files Donovan
  • 13. Giving a Presentation • Start slowly to give the audience time to settle down and focus on you • Speak up! • Talk to the audience not the screen • Convey your excitement about your proposal • Remember you are telling a story • Sometimes less is more Donovan
  • 14. Frame Your Talk • Tell people what you are going to tell them • Tell it to them • Tell them what you just told them Donovan
  • 15. Presenting your group’s research proposal • Structure of talk • Common problems in slides
  • 16. Start and finish each slide • Have a title on each slide • Summarize the conclusions at the end of each slide DON’T USE ALL CAPITAL LETTERS • ALL CAPS IS DIFFICULT TO READ Donovan
  • 17. Use a font that can be read from the back of the room Remember, most of the faculty are old and cannot see well Thompson Med Biochemistry 8/8/2007 10:15 8/8/2007 12:15 Carbohydrates 2 Thompson Med Biochemistry 8/9/2007 10:15 8/9/2007 12:15 Carbohydrates 3 Thompson Med Biochemistry 8/10/2007 10:15 8/10/2007 12:15 Carbohydrates 4 Thompson Med Biochemistry 8/13/2007 9:00 8/13/2007 10:00 Carbohydrates 5 Thompson Med Biochemistry 8/13/2007 10:15 8/13/2007 12:15 Mitochondria Structure and Funtion 1 Wallace Med Biochemistry 8/14/2007 8:00 8/14/2007 10:00 Mitochondria Structure and Funtion 2 Wallace Med Biochemistry 8/14/2007 10:15 8/14/2007 12:15 Lipids 1 Kaiser Med Biochemistry 8/15/2007 8:00 8/15/2007 10:00 Lipids 2 Kaiser Med Biochemistry 8/15/2007 10:15 8/15/2007 12:15 Membranes 1 Kaiser Carbohydrates 1 8/16/2007 8:00 8/16/2007 10:00 Membranes 2 Kaiser Med Biochemistry 8/16/2007 10:15 8/16/2007 12:15 Membranes 3 Kaiser Med Biochemistry 8/17/2007 8:00 8/17/2007 10:00 Protein Biochemistry 1 Steele Med Biochemistry 8/21/2007 8:00 8/21/2007 10:00 Protein Biochemistry 2 Steele Med Biochemistry 8/22/2007 8:00 8/22/2007 10:00 Protein Biochemistry 3 Steele Med Biochemistry 8/22/2007 10:15 8/22/2007 12:15 Protein Biochemistry 4 Steele Med Biochemistry 8/23/2007 8:00 8/23/2007 10:00 Amino Acid Metabolism 1 Dai Med Biochemistry 8/23/2007 10:15 8/23/2007 12:15 Amino Acid Metabolism 2 Dai Med Biochemistry 8/24/2007 8:00 8/24/2007 10:00 Donovan
  • 18. Too much text can be distracting The problem with putting too much text on the slide is that people feel obligated to try and read what you have written. Consequently, they try and read and then don’t pay full attention to what you are actually saying. In other words it is distracting. Often that means that no-one manages to actually finish reading what you have written before you are ready to move on to the next slide. Then you move on to the next slide and they are left sitting there thinking “Oh, I must have missed something, maybe I should have listened instead of reading. But now it is too late. Oh my god what am I going to do!” But don’t worry there are solutions to this problem. Better to put bullets of what you want to talk about and have the audience listen to you than force them to have to read several entire paragraphs of writing in a small font that they can hardly see from the back of the room. Anyway, those are my thoughts on the matter. I don’t know what do you think? You’re sitting there at the back of the room squinting and trying to read all this crap. Do you have an opinion? Donovan
  • 19. Bullet statements Problem • Too many words on slide • Audience is reading instead of listening • Audience is confused and panicky!!! Solution • Use bullet statements
  • 20. Lack of labels can lead to confusion! Donovan
  • 21. Gene Expression in human ES Cells: Microarray Analysis = overexpressed = underexpressed Donovan
  • 22. Busy slides can be distracting Donovan
  • 23. Induced pluripotent stem cells: Induction, morphology and gene expression B C
  • 24. Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology 3/29/11 Introduction to the course Presenting a research paper Introduction to stem cell biology Group discussion
  • 25. Ancient Greeks The first stem cell biologists? According to Greek myth: To punish Prometheus for giving fire back to the humans, Zeus chained Prometheus to a boulder and had a giant bird eat his liver. At dusk each day, the bird flew away, Prometheus’ liver grew back, the bird returned the following day to feast again.
  • 26. The Dawn of the Nuclear Age On August 6, 1945, the nuclear By the end of the year, weapon, Little Boy, was dropped injury and radiation brought on Hiroshima directly killing an total casualties to estimated 70,000 people. 90,000-140,000 people.
  • 27. The Remarkable Biology of Stem Cells Stem Cell The Niche
  • 28. The Remarkable Biology of Stem Cells Stem Cell The Niche
  • 29. Stem Cells Exist Throughout our Bodies The human body has 10 trillion cells, more than 250 different types Some tissues continually renew themselves from adult stem cells Neuronal stem cell Skin stem cell Bone marrow stem cell Intestinal stem cell
  • 30. Stem cells in modern medicine • Stem cells in bone marrow can reconstitute blood cells • First successful HPC transplants in 1960s • Treatment for immunodeficiency disorders and leukemia
  • 31. What are the key properties of stem cells? 1. Ability to self renew 2. Ability to develop into different types of mature cells Nervous system Heart Muscle Bone marrow Pancreas
  • 32. The Remarkable Biology of Stem Cells Adult Stem Cell Pluripotent Stem Cell
  • 33. Types of stem cells Occurrence in development • embryo • adult Location • liver • bone marrow Variety of specialized cells formed • totipotent • pluripotent • multipotent • unipotent
  • 34. Totipotent cells Able to form all lineages of the organism zygote embryo fetus adult
  • 35. Pluripotent Stem Cells Able to form all lineages in the body
  • 36. Multipotent Stem Cells Able to form multiple cell types of one lineage Hematopoietic stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells
  • 37. Unipotent Stem Cells Able to form only one cell type. Spermatogonial stem cells Sperm
  • 38. Key Points 1. Key properties of stem cells • Ability to self renew • Ability to differentiate into a variety of specialized cells 2. Different types of stem cells • Embryonic versus adult • Tissue type • Extent of ability to differentiate – Totipotent – Pluripotent – Multipotent – Unipotent
  • 39. Lecture 1: Introduction to Stem Cell Biology 3/29/11 Introduction to the course Presenting a research paper Introduction to stem cell biology Group discussion
  • 40. Group Discussion 1. Name your group 2. Prepare a ppt slide - group name - group picture - names of people in the group 3. Upload ppt to dropbox on class website
  • 41. No tomorrow without stem cells

Editor's Notes

  1. This greek myth may have been one of the first demonstrations of the existence of stem cells in adults. According to the story, P was punished for giving fire back to the humans by being chained to a rock and having a bird eat his liver each day. P was able to survive this punishment because the bird left at dusk and P liver grew back duriing the night. This myth points out the ability of the liver to regenerate a process that depends on the presence of liver stem cells.
  2. The existence and importance of stem cells was also demonstrated in WWII. A nuclear bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. It immediately caused widespread destruction and the deaths of 70K people. Many additional deaths followed in the next months and year as a result of radiation exposure. Many of the deaths resulted from the radiation killing stem cells in the body. Normally these stem cells divide and differentiate to replace lost cells. They are present in organs such as the liver, gut, skin, etc.
  3. This slide shows the function of stem cells in the skin. Normally,……
  4. This slide shows the function of stem cells in the skin. High radiation kills diff cells progenitors and stem cells…so skin cannot be repaired…
  5. A third well known example of the existence and importance of stem cells was first demonstrated in the 1960s. It was shown that bone marrow could be transplanted to treat certain blood disorders. This depended on the presence of blood stem cells in the bone marrow.