1. Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology of Oligocene-Miocene strata from the Adriatic foredeep reveals shifts in provenance that correlate to the tectonic evolution of the Central Alps. Specifically, a shift from Caledonian to Tertiary source areas between 26-23 Ma reflects the westward movement of the Adriatic indenter and change in erosional focus.
2. Younger proximal samples show increased Tertiary zircon abundances compared to older samples, related to unroofing of the Bergell pluton. Distal samples show varying abundances but shifts also correlate to changes in Alpine erosional patterns.
3. Future (
This document provides background information on the Kalahari Craton in southern Africa, which consists of the Archaean Zimbabwe and Kaapvaal Cratons separated by the Limpopo Mobile Belt. It discusses the geological history and tectonic setting of the craton and its constituent terranes. The focus is on peridotite xenoliths from the Letlhakane kimberlite mine in northern Botswana, which will be studied to characterize the sub-cratonic lithospheric mantle beneath this region and better understand its origin and modification over time. A variety of analytical techniques will be used, including petrography, geochemistry, and Sm-Nd and Lu-Hf isotope analyses
This document summarizes a study that analyzed zircon grains from a sandstone sample of the Quartoo Sand Member in South Australia using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine its sedimentary provenance. The Quartoo Sand Member is part of the Eocene Muloowurtie Formation within the St Vincent Basin. The study found multiple age populations of zircons indicating the sand originated from various geological provinces. Determining the provenance helps understand the nature and extent of the sedimentary cover in relation to the underlying basement geology near the Hillside Cu-Au deposit.
Ancient hydrothermal seafloor deposits in Eridania basin on MarsSérgio Sacani
The Eridania region in the southern highlands of Mars once contained a vast inland sea with a
volume of water greater than that of all other Martian lakes combined. Here we show that the
most ancient materials within Eridania are thick (4400 m), massive (not bedded), mottled
deposits containing saponite, talc-saponite, Fe-rich mica (for example, glauconite-nontronite),
Fe- and Mg-serpentine, Mg-Fe-Ca-carbonate and probable Fe-sulphide that likely
formed in a deep water (500–1,500 m) hydrothermal setting. The Eridania basin occurs
within some of the most ancient terrain on Mars where striking evidence for remnant
magnetism might suggest an early phase of crustal spreading. The relatively well-preserved
seafloor hydrothermal deposits in Eridania are contemporaneous with the earliest evidence
for life on Earth in potentially similar environments 3.8 billion years ago, and might provide
an invaluable window into the environmental conditions of early Earth.
This document summarizes a geology dissertation on South Raasay, Scotland. Nine sedimentary and three igneous formations were mapped in the area. The sedimentary basement consists of braided river sandstones and conglomerates from the Torridonian period, unconformably overlain by shallow to deep marine Jurassic mudstones and sandstones. Two marine transgressions and regressions are proposed. The succession has been intruded by a granophyre sill, microgabbro sill, and basaltic dykes associated with the North Atlantic Igneous Province. During the Tertiary, regional extension resulted in prominent normal and strike-slip faults. Recent glaciation is evident from erratics and till.
This document summarizes a geological study of metabasite outcrops on the Ross of Mull in Scotland. It describes the local lithologies including pelitic schists, psammites, calc-silicates, and metabasite intrusions. It analyzes features of the metabasites like garnet size distribution and mineral lineations to understand their formation. The document aims to provide a better understanding of the relative timing and emplacement mechanisms of the metabasite intrusions, which have previously received little focus, within the complex geological history of the Ross of Mull.
This thesis mapped and analyzed Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic units in Huntington Valley, Nevada to understand the depositional history and crustal deformation in the hanging wall above the west-dipping detachment fault bounding the Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range metamorphic core complex. Deposition was minor from the Late Cretaceous to Eocene but accelerated in the Middle Miocene with rapid deposition of the Humboldt Formation. Significant westward tilting occurred between 36.8-31.1 Ma and 31.1-16 Ma, likely associated with normal faulting in the adjacent Piñon Range. The findings support recent work showing that major surface-breaking extension occurred in the Middle Miocene in this region rather
This document provides a detailed summary of the geology of the Dibba Zone in the United Arab Emirates. It describes 6 main sedimentary lithologies observed in the area, ranging from deep marine carbonate black shale to wadi conglomerate. It also describes the igneous and metamorphic rocks, including harzburgite, serpentinite, and mélange. Finally, it discusses the structural geology of the area, including normal faults, thrust faults, folding, strike-slip faults, and deformation of the sediments. The document aims to characterize the stratigraphy, lithologies, and tectonic evolution of this region in detail.
This document provides background information on the Kalahari Craton in southern Africa, which consists of the Archaean Zimbabwe and Kaapvaal Cratons separated by the Limpopo Mobile Belt. It discusses the geological history and tectonic setting of the craton and its constituent terranes. The focus is on peridotite xenoliths from the Letlhakane kimberlite mine in northern Botswana, which will be studied to characterize the sub-cratonic lithospheric mantle beneath this region and better understand its origin and modification over time. A variety of analytical techniques will be used, including petrography, geochemistry, and Sm-Nd and Lu-Hf isotope analyses
This document summarizes a study that analyzed zircon grains from a sandstone sample of the Quartoo Sand Member in South Australia using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine its sedimentary provenance. The Quartoo Sand Member is part of the Eocene Muloowurtie Formation within the St Vincent Basin. The study found multiple age populations of zircons indicating the sand originated from various geological provinces. Determining the provenance helps understand the nature and extent of the sedimentary cover in relation to the underlying basement geology near the Hillside Cu-Au deposit.
Ancient hydrothermal seafloor deposits in Eridania basin on MarsSérgio Sacani
The Eridania region in the southern highlands of Mars once contained a vast inland sea with a
volume of water greater than that of all other Martian lakes combined. Here we show that the
most ancient materials within Eridania are thick (4400 m), massive (not bedded), mottled
deposits containing saponite, talc-saponite, Fe-rich mica (for example, glauconite-nontronite),
Fe- and Mg-serpentine, Mg-Fe-Ca-carbonate and probable Fe-sulphide that likely
formed in a deep water (500–1,500 m) hydrothermal setting. The Eridania basin occurs
within some of the most ancient terrain on Mars where striking evidence for remnant
magnetism might suggest an early phase of crustal spreading. The relatively well-preserved
seafloor hydrothermal deposits in Eridania are contemporaneous with the earliest evidence
for life on Earth in potentially similar environments 3.8 billion years ago, and might provide
an invaluable window into the environmental conditions of early Earth.
This document summarizes a geology dissertation on South Raasay, Scotland. Nine sedimentary and three igneous formations were mapped in the area. The sedimentary basement consists of braided river sandstones and conglomerates from the Torridonian period, unconformably overlain by shallow to deep marine Jurassic mudstones and sandstones. Two marine transgressions and regressions are proposed. The succession has been intruded by a granophyre sill, microgabbro sill, and basaltic dykes associated with the North Atlantic Igneous Province. During the Tertiary, regional extension resulted in prominent normal and strike-slip faults. Recent glaciation is evident from erratics and till.
This document summarizes a geological study of metabasite outcrops on the Ross of Mull in Scotland. It describes the local lithologies including pelitic schists, psammites, calc-silicates, and metabasite intrusions. It analyzes features of the metabasites like garnet size distribution and mineral lineations to understand their formation. The document aims to provide a better understanding of the relative timing and emplacement mechanisms of the metabasite intrusions, which have previously received little focus, within the complex geological history of the Ross of Mull.
This thesis mapped and analyzed Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic units in Huntington Valley, Nevada to understand the depositional history and crustal deformation in the hanging wall above the west-dipping detachment fault bounding the Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range metamorphic core complex. Deposition was minor from the Late Cretaceous to Eocene but accelerated in the Middle Miocene with rapid deposition of the Humboldt Formation. Significant westward tilting occurred between 36.8-31.1 Ma and 31.1-16 Ma, likely associated with normal faulting in the adjacent Piñon Range. The findings support recent work showing that major surface-breaking extension occurred in the Middle Miocene in this region rather
This document provides a detailed summary of the geology of the Dibba Zone in the United Arab Emirates. It describes 6 main sedimentary lithologies observed in the area, ranging from deep marine carbonate black shale to wadi conglomerate. It also describes the igneous and metamorphic rocks, including harzburgite, serpentinite, and mélange. Finally, it discusses the structural geology of the area, including normal faults, thrust faults, folding, strike-slip faults, and deformation of the sediments. The document aims to characterize the stratigraphy, lithologies, and tectonic evolution of this region in detail.
The document describes geochemical and geochronological analyses of volcanic rocks in the Barby Formation in southern Namibia. Key findings include:
1) The Barby Formation contains basaltic trachyandesites, trachydacites, and rhyolites with calc-alkaline geochemistry, suggesting emplacement in an active continental margin setting.
2) U-Pb dating of zircons from four samples yielded ages of 1213.7 ± 4.8 Ma for the Barby Formation and 1217 ± 3 Ma for the coeval Spes Bonasyenite.
3) Lu-Hf isotopic analyses indicate the units formed from a mixture of younger and older
The document summarizes a study of quartz veins around the Lake City Caldera in Colorado that formed during a supervolcanic eruption 23 million years ago. Trace element analyses of the quartz veins using LA-ICP-MS indicate that precious metals were deposited via boiling of hydrothermal fluids during fluid ascent and decompression. Colloform textures in quartz veins show increasing concentrations of metals like B, Zn, Rb and Sn across growth zones, suggesting these elements concentrated in the liquid phase during boiling. This process of fluid boiling and enrichment is interpreted as important for economic metal deposition in these ancient hydrothermal systems.
This document is a student's geological map project report on fieldwork conducted on the Isle of Rum, Scotland. It includes descriptions of the lithologies mapped in the area, including igneous rocks of the Igneous Layered Intrusion and sedimentary rocks of the Mullach Ard Formation. Detailed descriptions are provided of the mineralogy, textures, orientations, boundaries and inferred origins of the different rock units. Cross-sections were produced to interpret the subsurface relationships between the lithologies and understand the geological history of the area. Comparative analysis was also conducted on minor structures within the igneous and sedimentary rocks.
This document is a geological map project report for the Durness region of Scotland completed by Claire Bibby in 2015-2016. The report establishes the geological history of the area through field observations and mapping over 35 days. It identifies 8 rock types including gneiss, dolostone, quartzite and mylonite. The report aims to understand the stratigraphy and structure of the area, with a focus on analyzing elongation in the Lewisian gneiss through boudinage sampling. The key findings are that pegmatite is most affected by boudinage, indicating crustal extension. The geological history suggests a period of metamorphism underlying a sedimentary sequence deposited in a transgressive environment.
This geological report summarizes the findings of a field study mapping the northern part of the Straithaird peninsula in Scotland. The report identifies and describes the various rock formations in the area, including igneous intrusions, basalt lava flows, and sedimentary rocks from the Jurassic period. It compares the geological boundaries and rock units to prior mappings by the British Geological Survey, noting some differences. The report also analyzes joint orientation data from the rocks to link them to known periods of geological extension and compression, in order to better understand the stress history and support the geological history of the area.
This document provides an undergraduate thesis on the geology of the Moine Thrust Zone on the eastern shores of Loch Eriboll in northwest Scotland. It describes the author's 29 days of field mapping and their observations and interpretations of the local geology. The thesis covers the regional geological setting and provides detailed descriptions of the local stratigraphy, including the Eriboll Formation, An t-Sron Formation, and Tor Liath Formation. It also discusses the structural geology, metamorphic geology, igneous rocks, and provides an interpretation of the geological history of the area.
This document discusses stable carbon isotopes and their applications. It begins by introducing stable isotopes and focusing on the two stable isotopes of carbon: 12C and 13C. It then discusses how the ratio of these isotopes varies in different materials and can be used to determine organic vs inorganic origins of carbon and distinguish marine vs nonmarine deposits. Applications include determining the source and maturity of fossil fuels, identifying evidence of early life in Precambrian sediments, and studying the deep earth carbon cycle via analyses of carbonatites and diamonds.
This document summarizes the key findings of a study on globular cluster stars in NGC 6752:
1) The study finds that all 20 asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars sampled have low sodium abundances, indicating they belong to the first generation of stars in the cluster. In contrast, the RGB stars show a spread of sodium abundances.
2) This suggests that at least 70% of stars in NGC 6752 do not reach the AGB phase, as the majority population has elevated sodium.
3) The findings have implications for stellar evolution models and population counts used to test theories, and may explain lower integrated light from extragalactic clusters with fewer bright AGB stars.
I spent two months in the Spanish Pyrenees geologically mapping the area south-east of Pamplona. The presentation was created to showcase my findings to peers at the university and present my case for challenging current assumptions about the history of the area.
This document summarizes a hydrogeological study of the Mole Creek Karst system in Tasmania, Australia. The study aimed to identify karst catchments potentially influenced by contamination from an abandoned landfill (the Mole Creek Refuse Disposal Site) and determine if it was affecting water quality in Sassafras Creek. The study used water tracing experiments, hydrogeochemical analysis, and geophysical resistivity surveys. These demonstrated groundwater flow from the landfill through sinkholes into the aquifer feeding Sassafras Creek. Hydrogeochemical analysis detected contamination in Marakoopa Creek within a UNESCO World Heritage site, though the source is unknown. Geophysics identified a drainage pathway beneath a landfill pit transport
Este documento presenta información sobre manuales administrativos y el proceso de elaboración de un manual de organización. Explica que los manuales sirven para registrar y transmitir información de una organización de manera ordenada. Luego describe los objetivos de un manual y cómo se clasifican. Finalmente, detalla las etapas para elaborar un manual, incluyendo investigación, clasificación de funciones, y elaboración del contenido y diseño final.
El documento describe el proyecto de implementar cámaras de video vigilancia en las cabinas de internet YOU SPACE ubicadas en el Callao para mejorar la seguridad. Actualmente la empresa solo cuenta con rejas para protección y han sufrido robos. El proyecto analiza la factibilidad técnica, operacional y económica de instalar cámaras, y cómo esto podría ayudar a monitorear el interior, reducir robos de equipos y hacer que los clientes y la empresa se sientan más seguros.
This document contains a resume for Abdelraheem bairum mohammed, an accountant from Saudi Arabia seeking a part-time or full-time position as an accountant. He has a Bachelor's degree in accounting from South Valley University in Egypt and over 3 years of experience working in accounting roles for construction companies in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. His skills include expertise in accounting programs and Excel as well as the ability to work under pressure.
Presentaciones de Altas Prestaciones [Diego Marqueta] - ResumenDiego Marqueta
Este documento presenta un curso sobre presentaciones de altas prestaciones. El curso cubre temas como desarrollar ideas, diseño gráfico, superar barreras para presentar, la secuencia idea-forma-lenguaje-estructura-diseño-acabado, uso de mapas mentales, diseño de diapositivas, elaboración de gráficos, composición con imágenes, expresión pública y postura. El objetivo es enseñar técnicas para generar más interés, retención y confianza con presentaciones mejor estructuradas que requ
Factores influyentes en la organizacionmarlevboadas
Este documento presenta una discusión sobre los conceptos clave de la teoría de la organización. Brevemente describe los elementos ambientales que influyen en una organización, incluyendo factores económicos, tecnológicos, sociales y políticos. También cubre conceptos como la ética, el comportamiento formal de las organizaciones antiguas, los sistemas que interactúan con su ambiente, y los grupos externos e internos que afectan a una organización como proveedores, clientes, competidores y el gobierno. Finalmente, define la autoridad formal
El documento describe la importancia de un presupuesto de ventas para una universidad técnica, incluyendo las ventajas de tener un presupuesto de ventas y las responsabilidades en la elaboración y actualización del presupuesto de ventas.
The document describes the daily routines and responsibilities of a student. It lists tasks like brushing teeth, making bed, washing face, tidying room, doing homework, meeting friends, revising for tests, taking notes in class, and taking out rubbish. It asks what she must do before bed (brush teeth, take out rubbish, do homework, wash face) and what she should do (be on time, revise for a test, meet friends, take notes in class). It also provides examples of routines for Matt and a singer, and prompts the reader to describe their own routines.
El documento describe la nueva constitución de Venezuela y su intento de establecer una democracia participativa a través de consejos comunales y políticas públicas. También discute los ideales del socialismo del siglo XXI como la democracia económica y la protección de derechos humanos. Sin embargo, señala que la realidad actual en Venezuela incluye desabastecimiento, inflación y falta de trabajo, lo que ha llevado a una mala calidad de vida debido a la mala gestión gubernamental y una sociedad dividida por lealtades
El documento describe el sistema educativo español, destacando que los estudiantes pasan de la educación primaria a la educación secundaria obligatoria (ESO) entre los 10 y 12 años. Explica que en la ESO los estudiantes cursan asignaturas durante cuatro años y que al terminar la etapa reciben un título de graduado en ESO. Después pueden elegir bachillerato, formación profesional u otras opciones formativas.
Este documento describe las cuentas por cobrar, incluyendo su definición, normas de información financiera, objetivos de control, procedimientos de auditoría e incluye una sección sobre la estimación para el castigo de cuentas malas. Explica que las cuentas por cobrar son créditos a favor de la empresa provenientes de ventas o servicios a clientes, y describe seis procedimientos de auditoría para verificarlas, como la confirmación de adeudos, cobros posteriores y el análisis de cambios en los saldos.
The document describes geochemical and geochronological analyses of volcanic rocks in the Barby Formation in southern Namibia. Key findings include:
1) The Barby Formation contains basaltic trachyandesites, trachydacites, and rhyolites with calc-alkaline geochemistry, suggesting emplacement in an active continental margin setting.
2) U-Pb dating of zircons from four samples yielded ages of 1213.7 ± 4.8 Ma for the Barby Formation and 1217 ± 3 Ma for the coeval Spes Bonasyenite.
3) Lu-Hf isotopic analyses indicate the units formed from a mixture of younger and older
The document summarizes a study of quartz veins around the Lake City Caldera in Colorado that formed during a supervolcanic eruption 23 million years ago. Trace element analyses of the quartz veins using LA-ICP-MS indicate that precious metals were deposited via boiling of hydrothermal fluids during fluid ascent and decompression. Colloform textures in quartz veins show increasing concentrations of metals like B, Zn, Rb and Sn across growth zones, suggesting these elements concentrated in the liquid phase during boiling. This process of fluid boiling and enrichment is interpreted as important for economic metal deposition in these ancient hydrothermal systems.
This document is a student's geological map project report on fieldwork conducted on the Isle of Rum, Scotland. It includes descriptions of the lithologies mapped in the area, including igneous rocks of the Igneous Layered Intrusion and sedimentary rocks of the Mullach Ard Formation. Detailed descriptions are provided of the mineralogy, textures, orientations, boundaries and inferred origins of the different rock units. Cross-sections were produced to interpret the subsurface relationships between the lithologies and understand the geological history of the area. Comparative analysis was also conducted on minor structures within the igneous and sedimentary rocks.
This document is a geological map project report for the Durness region of Scotland completed by Claire Bibby in 2015-2016. The report establishes the geological history of the area through field observations and mapping over 35 days. It identifies 8 rock types including gneiss, dolostone, quartzite and mylonite. The report aims to understand the stratigraphy and structure of the area, with a focus on analyzing elongation in the Lewisian gneiss through boudinage sampling. The key findings are that pegmatite is most affected by boudinage, indicating crustal extension. The geological history suggests a period of metamorphism underlying a sedimentary sequence deposited in a transgressive environment.
This geological report summarizes the findings of a field study mapping the northern part of the Straithaird peninsula in Scotland. The report identifies and describes the various rock formations in the area, including igneous intrusions, basalt lava flows, and sedimentary rocks from the Jurassic period. It compares the geological boundaries and rock units to prior mappings by the British Geological Survey, noting some differences. The report also analyzes joint orientation data from the rocks to link them to known periods of geological extension and compression, in order to better understand the stress history and support the geological history of the area.
This document provides an undergraduate thesis on the geology of the Moine Thrust Zone on the eastern shores of Loch Eriboll in northwest Scotland. It describes the author's 29 days of field mapping and their observations and interpretations of the local geology. The thesis covers the regional geological setting and provides detailed descriptions of the local stratigraphy, including the Eriboll Formation, An t-Sron Formation, and Tor Liath Formation. It also discusses the structural geology, metamorphic geology, igneous rocks, and provides an interpretation of the geological history of the area.
This document discusses stable carbon isotopes and their applications. It begins by introducing stable isotopes and focusing on the two stable isotopes of carbon: 12C and 13C. It then discusses how the ratio of these isotopes varies in different materials and can be used to determine organic vs inorganic origins of carbon and distinguish marine vs nonmarine deposits. Applications include determining the source and maturity of fossil fuels, identifying evidence of early life in Precambrian sediments, and studying the deep earth carbon cycle via analyses of carbonatites and diamonds.
This document summarizes the key findings of a study on globular cluster stars in NGC 6752:
1) The study finds that all 20 asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars sampled have low sodium abundances, indicating they belong to the first generation of stars in the cluster. In contrast, the RGB stars show a spread of sodium abundances.
2) This suggests that at least 70% of stars in NGC 6752 do not reach the AGB phase, as the majority population has elevated sodium.
3) The findings have implications for stellar evolution models and population counts used to test theories, and may explain lower integrated light from extragalactic clusters with fewer bright AGB stars.
I spent two months in the Spanish Pyrenees geologically mapping the area south-east of Pamplona. The presentation was created to showcase my findings to peers at the university and present my case for challenging current assumptions about the history of the area.
This document summarizes a hydrogeological study of the Mole Creek Karst system in Tasmania, Australia. The study aimed to identify karst catchments potentially influenced by contamination from an abandoned landfill (the Mole Creek Refuse Disposal Site) and determine if it was affecting water quality in Sassafras Creek. The study used water tracing experiments, hydrogeochemical analysis, and geophysical resistivity surveys. These demonstrated groundwater flow from the landfill through sinkholes into the aquifer feeding Sassafras Creek. Hydrogeochemical analysis detected contamination in Marakoopa Creek within a UNESCO World Heritage site, though the source is unknown. Geophysics identified a drainage pathway beneath a landfill pit transport
Este documento presenta información sobre manuales administrativos y el proceso de elaboración de un manual de organización. Explica que los manuales sirven para registrar y transmitir información de una organización de manera ordenada. Luego describe los objetivos de un manual y cómo se clasifican. Finalmente, detalla las etapas para elaborar un manual, incluyendo investigación, clasificación de funciones, y elaboración del contenido y diseño final.
El documento describe el proyecto de implementar cámaras de video vigilancia en las cabinas de internet YOU SPACE ubicadas en el Callao para mejorar la seguridad. Actualmente la empresa solo cuenta con rejas para protección y han sufrido robos. El proyecto analiza la factibilidad técnica, operacional y económica de instalar cámaras, y cómo esto podría ayudar a monitorear el interior, reducir robos de equipos y hacer que los clientes y la empresa se sientan más seguros.
This document contains a resume for Abdelraheem bairum mohammed, an accountant from Saudi Arabia seeking a part-time or full-time position as an accountant. He has a Bachelor's degree in accounting from South Valley University in Egypt and over 3 years of experience working in accounting roles for construction companies in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. His skills include expertise in accounting programs and Excel as well as the ability to work under pressure.
Presentaciones de Altas Prestaciones [Diego Marqueta] - ResumenDiego Marqueta
Este documento presenta un curso sobre presentaciones de altas prestaciones. El curso cubre temas como desarrollar ideas, diseño gráfico, superar barreras para presentar, la secuencia idea-forma-lenguaje-estructura-diseño-acabado, uso de mapas mentales, diseño de diapositivas, elaboración de gráficos, composición con imágenes, expresión pública y postura. El objetivo es enseñar técnicas para generar más interés, retención y confianza con presentaciones mejor estructuradas que requ
Factores influyentes en la organizacionmarlevboadas
Este documento presenta una discusión sobre los conceptos clave de la teoría de la organización. Brevemente describe los elementos ambientales que influyen en una organización, incluyendo factores económicos, tecnológicos, sociales y políticos. También cubre conceptos como la ética, el comportamiento formal de las organizaciones antiguas, los sistemas que interactúan con su ambiente, y los grupos externos e internos que afectan a una organización como proveedores, clientes, competidores y el gobierno. Finalmente, define la autoridad formal
El documento describe la importancia de un presupuesto de ventas para una universidad técnica, incluyendo las ventajas de tener un presupuesto de ventas y las responsabilidades en la elaboración y actualización del presupuesto de ventas.
The document describes the daily routines and responsibilities of a student. It lists tasks like brushing teeth, making bed, washing face, tidying room, doing homework, meeting friends, revising for tests, taking notes in class, and taking out rubbish. It asks what she must do before bed (brush teeth, take out rubbish, do homework, wash face) and what she should do (be on time, revise for a test, meet friends, take notes in class). It also provides examples of routines for Matt and a singer, and prompts the reader to describe their own routines.
El documento describe la nueva constitución de Venezuela y su intento de establecer una democracia participativa a través de consejos comunales y políticas públicas. También discute los ideales del socialismo del siglo XXI como la democracia económica y la protección de derechos humanos. Sin embargo, señala que la realidad actual en Venezuela incluye desabastecimiento, inflación y falta de trabajo, lo que ha llevado a una mala calidad de vida debido a la mala gestión gubernamental y una sociedad dividida por lealtades
El documento describe el sistema educativo español, destacando que los estudiantes pasan de la educación primaria a la educación secundaria obligatoria (ESO) entre los 10 y 12 años. Explica que en la ESO los estudiantes cursan asignaturas durante cuatro años y que al terminar la etapa reciben un título de graduado en ESO. Después pueden elegir bachillerato, formación profesional u otras opciones formativas.
Este documento describe las cuentas por cobrar, incluyendo su definición, normas de información financiera, objetivos de control, procedimientos de auditoría e incluye una sección sobre la estimación para el castigo de cuentas malas. Explica que las cuentas por cobrar son créditos a favor de la empresa provenientes de ventas o servicios a clientes, y describe seis procedimientos de auditoría para verificarlas, como la confirmación de adeudos, cobros posteriores y el análisis de cambios en los saldos.
El documento describe los requisitos y cualidades que debe poseer un contador público. Estos incluyen requisitos morales como la integridad y puntualidad, capacidad intelectual como la habilidad para analizar problemas, y requisitos técnicos como conocimientos de contabilidad, auditoría y administración. Además, destaca la importancia de la independencia de criterio y del propósito continuo de estudios para el desarrollo profesional.
The Boltysh crater fill sediments – a 500,000 year record of the lower DanianIain Gilmour
The document summarizes research on sediments from the Boltysh impact crater in Ukraine that preserve a 500,000 year record of the early Danian period. The continuous lacustrine sediments within the crater provide an expanded and detailed record of a negative carbon isotope excursion approximately 200,000 years above the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, correlating to the Dan-C2 excursion in the marine record. Changes in floral communities through the excursion reflect changing biomes from a rapidly warming climate during an early Danian hyperthermal event, followed by ecosystem recovery, analogous to other major climatic events in the geologic record. The timing of the excursion may correlate with the late stages of
This document summarizes a seismic study of a coal deposit in Wabamun, Alberta. It provides background on the study area and coal deposit geology. It then describes the acquisition and processing of seismic reflection data from two lines over the deposit. The data is analyzed and interpreted, with control from a well. On one line, variations in the seismic character of the coal reflection are correlated to stratigraphic variations within the coal zone as revealed by the well log. Anomalies in the seismic data are interpreted to indicate structural deformation and changes in coal properties. The study demonstrates detailed geological interpretation of high-resolution seismic data over a shallow coal deposit.
2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment Symposium - Geological Survey of New So...Symposium
This document does not contain any text to summarize. A summary requires content in order to extract the key points and essential information in 3 sentences or less.
2015 Broken Hill Resources Investment Symposium - Geological Survey of New So...Symposium
This document does not contain any text to summarize. A summary requires content in order to extract the key points and essential information in 3 sentences or less.
1) The study uses detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology on sandstone samples from the Adriatic foredeep ranging from 32-18 Ma to track the indentation of the Adriatic microplate beneath the Central Alps.
2) The ratio of Variscan to Caledonian zircon grains sharply increases at around 24-23 Ma, marking the westward shift of the Adriatic indenter and associated right-lateral motion along the Insubric fault.
3) This suggests the indentation of Adria beneath the Central Alps occurred around 24-23 Ma, providing the first time constraint on major strike-slip motion along the poorly dated Insubric fault.
Journal Petroleum Geology. Northern and Central North Sea Aptian sands, lowstand systems tract. Sequence stratigraphy development, Logs and micropapaeontology. prospectivity
This document discusses the provenance of quartz arenite sandstones from the early Paleozoic midcontinent region of the USA. The authors present new detrital zircon geochronology data from 15 Cambrian and Ordovician quartz arenite samples. They compare this to existing data from older sedimentary basins in the region, including the Huron basin and midcontinent rift deposits. Mixing models using the older basin zircon populations indicate the early Paleozoic sandstones represent mixtures derived primarily from erosion of these two source areas.
Cenomanian – Turonian Foraminifera and Palynomorphs from the Calabar Flank, S...Premier Publishers
One of the most spectacular signatures of global “Oceanic Anoxic Events” (OAEs) of the Cretaceous was deposited at the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary. This global oceanic anoxic event is also referred to as Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE). This event is marked by the deposition of finely laminated organic carbon rich sediments deposited under oxygen depleted conditions. The main goal of the present research is to get a better understanding of the marine biota characterizing the oceanic anoxic event in the Calabar Flank. Core samples obtained from two (2) study wells in the Calabar Flank, southeastern Nigeria were utilized for this study and standard biostratigraphic sample preparation/ separation and analytical approaches were applied in the course of the study. The Cenomanian – Turonian age was assigned based on age diagnostic foraminifera (Hedbergella crassa, Heterohelix moremani, Heterohelix planata, Heterohelix reussi, Hedbergella delrioensis, Hedbergella planispira) and age diagnostic palynomorphs (Steevesipollenites binodosus, Ephedripites sp, Leiotriletes sp, Classopollis sp, Classopollis classoides, Classopollis annulatus, Ephedripites jansonii, Cretacaeiporites mulleri, Cretacaeiporites polygonalis, Galeacornea clavis and Triorites africaensis). The sediments of the study wells were deposited in a range of environments from non-marine to mid neritic and the recovered foraminifera are characterized by the presence of abundant but dwarfed planktic forms and low diversity of dwarfed arenaceous forms at some intervals which strongly support deposition in an oxygen depleted environment.
The copper isotope ratios were measured in 42 mineral separates from the Cañariaco Norte porphyry copper deposit in northern Peru. Isotopic ratios ranged from -8.42‰ to 0.61‰, with near-surface iron oxides having the most depleted values and deeper chalcocite, covellite, and chalcopyrite having more typical hypogene ratios. The data indicate that most of the chalcocite and covellite formed from high-temperature hypogene processes, with only a minor portion resulting from supergene enrichment. The lack of an enriched isotopic signature suggests little potential for an extensive supergene enrichment blanket at depth due to the weathering history.
Nature, formation, and distribution of carbonates on CeresNature, formation, ...Sérgio Sacani
Different carbonates have been detected on Ceres, and their abundance and spatial distribution have been mapped
using a visible and infrared mapping spectrometer (VIR), the Dawn imaging spectrometer. Carbonates are abundant
and ubiquitous across the surface, but variations in the strength and position of infrared spectral absorptions indicate
variations in the composition and amount of these minerals. Mg-Ca carbonates are detected all over the surface, but
localized areas show Na carbonates, such as natrite (Na2CO3) and hydrated Na carbonates (for example, Na2CO3·H2O).
Their geological settings and accessory NH4-bearing phases suggest the upwelling, excavation, and exposure of salts
formed from Na-CO3-NH4-Cl brine solutions at multiple locations across the planet. The presence of the hydrated
carbonates indicates that their formation/exposure on Ceres’ surface is geologically recent and dehydration to the
anhydrous form (Na2CO3) is ongoing, implying a still-evolving body.
This article discusses a study on the spatial analysis of dissolved silica in groundwater in Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. 120 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for major ions and physicochemical parameters. Results showed silica concentrations ranged widely between formations. Thermodynamic, statistical, and GIS techniques were used to understand the reasons for these differences. Piper plots showed water types were mostly Ca-Mg-Cl and Na-Cl, indicating mixed water. Stability diagrams showed samples were stable with kaolinite and tended toward montmorillonite, indicating rock-water interaction and mineral dissolution over time.
Permian to quaternary magmatism beneath the mt carmel area, israelJames AH Campbell
This document summarizes research on zircon samples from volcanic rocks and associated sediments in the Mt. Carmel area of Israel. Zircons reveal two major periods of mafic magmatism: Permo-Triassic (285-220 Ma) and Jurassic (200-160 Ma). Younger zircons are Cretaceous (118-80 Ma) and younger, derived from Miocene-Pliocene volcanism. Permo-Triassic-Jurassic zircons crystallized from late magma differentiation near the crust-mantle boundary and were reworked by younger fluids. The zircon data support a model of intermittent melting of a fossil Neoproterozoic plume head beneath
This document discusses using the gold content of ancient sedimentary pyrite grains to track changes in the gold concentration of oceans through time. The authors analyzed over 4000 pyrite grains from 308 sedimentary rock samples of various ages around the world using laser ablation-ICPMS. Their results suggest gold was enriched in oceans of the Archean and Proterozoic eons compared to today, reaching a maximum around 520 million years ago as oxygen levels rose. Variations in ocean gold levels may help explain cyclic periods of gold ore deposition through earth's history.
Each group should plot on graph paper the ½ life of the radioisotope.pdfdeepakarora871
Each group should plot on graph paper the ½ life of the radioisotopes using the special graph
paper supplied by the teacher. The y-axis has a log scale and begins at 100% of the parent
radioisotope present; the next point is 100/ 2, or 50% parent radioisotope present; the next point
is 50/2, or 25%; and so on.). For example, if the ratio of C-14 to C-13 is 1:3 than the fossil is
how old? 5600 +5600. Correct? For each of the radioisotopes listed above, make a radiometric
graph going to 3 half-lives. Be sure to make one graph using uranium-lead and potassium-argon
dating to one half life. This will become useful later. Why?
Uranium-Lead dating method
Very careful measurements in laboratories, made on VERY LARGE numbers of U-235 atoms,
have shown that each of the atoms has a 50:50 chance of decaying during about 704,000,000
years. In other words, during 704 million years, half the U-235 atoms that existed at the
beginning of that time will decay to Pb-207. This is known as the half life of U- 235. Many
elements have some isotopes that are unstable, essentially because they have too many neutrons
to be balanced by the number of protons in the nucleus. Each of these unstable isotopes has its
own characteristic half life. Some half lives are several billion years long, and others are as short
as a ten-thousandth of a second.
The uranium-lead radiometric dating scheme has been refined to the point that the error margin
in dates of rocks can be as low as less than two million years in two-and-a-half billion years. An
error margin of 2–5% has been achieved on younger Mesozoic rocks.
One of its great advantages is that any sample provides two clocks, one based on uranium-235\'s
decay to lead-207 with a half-life of about 700 million years, and one based on uranium-238\'s
decay to lead-206 with a half-life of about 4.5 billion years, providing a built-in crosscheck that
allows accurate determination of the age of the sample even if some of the lead has been lost.
Potassium-argon dating method
This involves electron capture or positron decay of potassium-40 to argon-40. Potassium-40 has
a half-life of 1.3 billion years, and so this method is applicable to the oldest rocks. Radioactive
potassium-40 is common in micas, feldspars, and hornblendes, though the closure temperature is
fairly low in these materials, about 125°C (mica) to 450°C (hornblende).
#1-23 meters deep from top of hill (limestone)
#2-18 meters deep from top of hill (limestone/volcanic ash)
#3-34 meters deep from base of hill (sandstone)
#4-39 meters deep from top of hill (sandstone)
#5- 50 meters deep from bottom of hill (slate)
#6-26 meters deep (limestone)
#7-10 meters into hill (basalt)
#8-50 meters deep from base of hill (pegmatite)
#9- 3 meters deep into hill (erosion surface of limestone)
#10-52 meters deep from top of hill (pegmatite)
#11- on bank of stream (in shale)
#12- from base of hill 63 meters deep (in granite)
#13-47 meters deep from base of hill (pegmatite)
#14- 2 meters de.
Past Climate as the key to understand the future: example from the Mediterran...CAESCG.org
By Vincenzo Pascucci
Dipartimento di Scienze Botaniche, Ecologiche é Geologiche.
Universitá di Sassari
pascucci@uniss.it
Conferencia impartida en el marco de los viernes científicos de la Universidad de Almería
Paleoclimate: past-climate as the key to understand the future. Example from ...Fernando Reche
Conferencia impartida por Vincenzo Pascucci el 1 de abril de 2011 en el marco de los Viernes Científicos, actividad organizada por la Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales de la Universidad de Almería
This document summarizes a study of fluid exchange between a subducting slab and mantle wedge in the Guatemala Suture Zone. Samples of schist, jadeitite, and eclogite were analyzed to understand the chemical composition of the mantle wedge and subducting slab. Zoning in mica crystals was examined using an optical microscope, electron probe microanalysis, and laser ablation-ICPMS to provide a chemical history of fluid events. Zoning was observed in mica from the schist and jadeitite samples but not the eclogite, suggesting the eclogite experienced fewer fluid events. Analyzing mica zoning provides insight into the chemical exchange between subducting slabs and mantle wedges.
This document summarizes a talk given at the Geological Survey Technical Talks on June 1st, 2016 in Orange, NSW. The talk discussed the transition from the Geological Survey of NSW's (GSNSW) first generation 1:250,000 metallogenic maps to new mineral potential mapping. This included an overview of recently completed metallogenic maps of the Bathurst and Broken Hill areas at 1:250,000 scale, which updated deposit information and incorporated mineral system models. Future work discussed included mineral potential studies and metallogenic syntheses of the Cobar, New England, and Macquarie Volcanic Province areas at 500,000 scale. The talk concluded with preliminary work on the new Cobar metallogenic project,
The document discusses zeolite-based sorbents coated with iron for advanced coal combustion. Zeolites coated with iron have shown potential for mercury capture from flue gases in coal-fired power plants. Iron-coated zeolites use a redox mechanism to oxidize elemental mercury and facilitate its capture. Testing of simulated flue gas containing mercury vapor showed the iron-coated zeolites were able to capture over 90% of mercury at temperatures up to 400°C. The iron-coating improved the capture of mercury compared to uncoated zeolites. Further optimization may improve mercury removal at higher flue gas temperatures typical of coal combustion.
1. JACKSON
SCHOOL OF GEOSCIENCES
Laura N.Dafov1,Owen A.Anfinson1,Marco G.Malusá2,Daniel F.Stockli1
Future Work
Acknowledgements/ References
Conclusions
1
The University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences,Austin,TX,78712,US
2
University of Milano-Bicocca,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Milano,Italy
TEXAS
THE UNIVERSITY OF
AT AUSTIN
WHAT STARTS HERE CHANGES THE WORLD
U chron
9
810
12
6
13
11
7
1
4
23
5
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
RimAge(Ma)
Core Age (Ma)
Distal Rim vs Core U-Pb DZ ages
BOB1 (19 ± 0.5)
MOD1 (22.5 ± 1.5)
MA7 (28 ± 1)
MA9 (28 ± 1)
MMA1 (28 ± 3)
AV1 (30 ± 1.5)
AV2 (30 ± 1.5)
AV3 (30 ± 1.5)
1:1
The authors would like to thank ConocoPhillips for sponsoring the JSG symposium.
We are grateful to The University of Texas at Austin,The Jackson School of Geosciences,
and UT-Chron for facilities and funding. We also thank Dr.Daniela Rubatto for insightful
discussion.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
RimAge(Ma)
Core Age (Ma)
Proximal Rim vs Core U-Pb DZ ages
CGL3 (23.5 ± 1)
CGL4 (23.5 ± 1)
CG2 (25 ± 2)
VOA (26 ± 1)
CVL1 (26 ± 2.5)
1:1
Proximal Distal
Provenance of Oligo-Miocene Strata from the Adriatic Foredeep of the
Alps-Apennines System Determined through Detrital-Zircon U-Pb Geochronology
Data, Figures, and Discussion
KDEs,Depositional
Ages,and Discussion
VOA (~26 ±1 MA)
CVL1(~26 ±2.5 MA)
Dominant
abundance of
Caledonian and
Cadomian grains
suggests erosion of
units within the
Tocino Subdome
(eastern Lepontine
Dome) (Fig.2 and
4.2).
CGL3 and CGL4
(~23.5 ±1 MA)
The dominance of
29-35 Ma detrital
zircon U-Pb ages,
suggests the
sediments are
primarily derived from
the Bergell intrusion
(30-35 Ma) exposed
along the north side
of the Insubric Fault
(Fig.4.A).
CG2 (Single Clast)
(~25 ±2 MA)
U-Pb ages suggest
this single clast is
from Caledonian
aged source rock.
The detrital zircons
should yield consistent (U-Th)/He ages and will
be used to evaluate exhumation rates in the
source region.
AV1(Single Clast),AV2,and AV3 (~30 ±1.5 MA)
The presence of Cretaceous metamorphic rims on igneous Variscan cores (Figs.7
and 8) are strong indication that the Aveto Formation is at least in part derived from
the Sesia-Lanzo unit (Fig.3) of the west-central alps (Fig.4).
MA9 (~23.5 ±1 MA) and
MA7(~28 ±1 MA)
The samples from the
Macigno turbidites are
separated by ~2km of
section (Fig.1),but due to
rapid depositional rates are still the same age (Chattian).The samples have similar
detrital zircon populations with varying abundances.Increased abundance of
tertiary ages with decreased Variscan,Caledonian,and Cadomian ages in sample
MA9 (Upper Macigno) relative to MA7 (Lower Macigno) suggests an increased input
from tertiary volcanic/plutonic sources.
MMA1 (~28 ±3 MA) and
MOD1(~22.5 ±1.5 MA)
The shift from primarily
Variscan,Caledonian,and
Cadomian detrital zircon
in MMA1 to late-Variscan
and Tertiary detrital zircon in sample MOD1 suggests a significant provenance
change.This may be linked to the transfer of the erosional foci from the Ticino to
Toce Subdome within the central Alps (Fig.2,4,and 9).
BOB1 (~19 ±0.5 MA)
The dominance of late Variscan and Tertiary detrital
zircon U-Pb ages suggests the sediments are primarily
derived from the Toce subdome and Tertiary volcanic/
plutonic sources. (Fig.2,4,and 10).
Figure 9.(a)
Tectonic
evolution of
central Alps.
Westward axial
shift of Adriatic
indenter
caused a shift
in erosional foci
of central Alps
subdomes,23
Ma.Figure
produced by
Marco Malusa.
Figure 10.Data plots highlighting major shifts in
grain populations.(a) Shift in abundance of
Variscan/Caledonian grain populations indicates
indentation due to insubric fault activity causing a
shift of unroofing from the Ticino to Toce subdome
(Fig.4).(b) Shift in abundance of periadriatic
(Alpine) grains indicates progressive domal
unroofing of the Bergell pluton (Fig.4).Periadriatic
grians of AV2 and AV3 likely derived from volcanic
sources.(c) Samples are in order of depositional age
with sample 1-the oldest and sample 11-the
youngest.
KDEs,Depositional Ages,and Discussion
Caledonian
Ticino- Caledonian
Toce- Variscan
Proximal
1.The U-Pb detrital zircon age data indicate proximal
deposits from the Como and Villa Olmo conglomerates
experienced a significant shift from primarily Caledonian and
Cadomian sources to primarily Tertiary and minor late Variscan
sources between 26 and 23 Ma. We attribute this change in
detrital zircon populations to the continued unroofing and
erosion of the Bergell pluton and a shift in erosional foci from the
Ticino to Toce subdome.
2.The zircon grains from the Caledonian clast (Sample CG2)
and the non-Tertiary detrital zircon from all proximal samples will
provide the basis for future (U-Th)/He thermochronologic
analyses in attempt to constrain exhumation rates within the
source region.
Distal
1.The abundance of recycled Variscan,Caledonian,and
Cadomian detrital zircon U-Pb ages in nearly all of the distal
samples makes correlation with the specific source regions
difficult. However,changes in relative abundance from primarily
Caledonian and Variscan ages in samples such as MMA-1 (~28
Ma) to primarily late-Variscan and Tertiary ages in sample MOD1
(~22Ma) suggests provenance changes are present.We consider
this shift in relative abundance from Variscan,Caledonian,and
Cadomian sources to more late-Variscan sources to be consistent
with previous authors’interpretations that the progressive
westward movement of the Adriatic indenter causing the
erosional focus of the central Alps to move from the Ticino to
Toce Subdome.
2.The key characteristic detrital zircon signature we were able
to uncover was the presence of Cretaceous metamorphic rims
(elevated U/Th ratios and depleted HREE’s) on Variscan igneous
cores from the samples of the Aveto formation.These grains are
correlated with some confidence to source areas within the
Sesia-Lanzo unit of the west central Alps.
9
810
12
6
13
11
7
1
2
3
5
Purpose
Geologic Setting and Background
Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology is an effective method for evaluating exhumation
history,provenance,and depositional age constraints of sedimentary deposits.Over
1400 grains evaluated from thirteen samples collected from distal and proximal
Oligo-Miocene strata of Adriatic turbidites are consistent with modern
characterization of the proposed source region.Studies indicate that the principal
source area of Oligo-Miocene strata from Adriatic deposits is the Lepontine Dome of
the Central Alps.Our data reveals a significant shift in detrital zircon U-Pb age
populations during the Oligocene-Miocene boundary which,when compared with
data from modern sands,closely correlates to the westward shift of the erosional foci
within the Lepontine Dome,from the Ticino to the Toce subdome,due to progressive
indentation of Adria.This is coeval with progressive unroofing of Periadriatic
magmatic rocks of Tertiary age along the Insubric Fault.
The lowermost Upper Oligocene proximal samples collected from the Como and
Villa Olmo Conglomerates are dominated by Caledonian and Cadomian detrital zircon
U-Pb age populations.The uppermost Oligocene and lower Miocene proximal
samples collected from the Como Conglomerate are dominated instead by
Periadriatic detrital zircon.
Distal samples collected from the Lower Oligocene Aveto Formation have a
dominant Periadriatic age peak with lesser amounts of late Cretaceous,Variscan,
Caledonian and Cadomian detrital zircon. The lowermost Upper Oligocene distal
samples collected from the Macigno Formation contain populations of Periadriatic,
Variscan,Caledonian,and Cadomian detrital zircon,with major shifts in relative
abundance from the lower to upper strata.The most dramatic shift in provenance in
the distal units is between two samples located relatively proximally to one another in
the Modino unit:Upper Oligocene marls contains primarily Variscan and Caledonian
zircon grains with no individuals yielding Periadriatic ages,whereas the Upper
Oligocene – Lower Miocene sandstones of the same unit include dominant
Periadriatic and Variscan age populations.The youngest distal sample,from the Lower
Miocene Bobbio Formation,primarily contains Variscan detrital zircon ages.
Abstract
1.Determine the provenance of Oligocene-Miocene strata in the Adriatic foredeep
using U-Pb geochronology coupled with geochemical analyses.
2.Provide constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Central Alpine Orogen using
U-Pb geochronology.
3.Identify detrital zircon U-Pb populations for future (U-Th)/He thermochronologic
analyses in attempt to constrain exhumation rates within the source region.
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
4
9
14
19
CVL-1 (n=115)
1.CVL-1 (Como Conglomerate)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
4
8
12
17
AV1 (n=103)
7.AV1 (Aveto Formation)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
17
35
53
71
CGL3 (n=108)
5.CGL3 (Como Conglomerate)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
13
27
40
54
CGL4 (n=98)
4.CGL4 (Como Conglomerate)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
19
38
57
77
CG2 (n=116)
3.CG2 (Como Conglomerate)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
5
11
17
23
VOA (n=115)
2.VOA (Villa Olmo Conglomerate)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
5
10
15
20
MA7 (n=117)
10.MA9 (Macigno)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
6
13
20
27
AV3 (n=55)
9.AV3 (Aveto Formation)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
10
21
32
43
AV2 (n=91)
8.AV2 (Aveto Formation)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
13
26
39
53
MOD1 (n=108)
12.MOD1 (Macigno)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
11
22
33
45
MA9 (n=113)
11.MA7 (Macigno)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
6
13
19
26
BOB-1 (n=99)
6.BOB-1 (Bobbio Formation)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
5
10
15
21
MMA1 (n=116)
13.MMA1 (Macigno)
4
Figure 5.Detrital
zircon rim/core U-Pb
age data from
proximal samples
were depth-profiled,
allowing multiple
ages to be obtained
from a single spot
analysis.(a) proximal
samples (b) distal
samples.
OA-13-MA9
OA-13-MA7
1 Km
A
B
11
10
9
6
13
1
3
5
12
8
7
2
4
(Bergell)
ont
e
2
1
(A- Bergell)
A
Subdomes
(1- Toce 2- Ticino)
Figure 4. Sample locations. Map modified
from Garzanti and Malusa, 2008.
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Age
68
69
70
71
72
74
75
76
88
110
123
137
156
171
189
193
203
211
215
219
225
227
233
235
241
246
252
259
7.
Figure 8.Iolite
Integration window
of sample AV2 grain
4.Elevated U/Th
ratios from
Cretaceous rims on
Variscan cores
provide further
evidence of
metamorphic
overgrowth.
Figure 7.REE
plot of sample
AV2 grain 10.
Lines
representing
half-second
integration
times while
drilling into the
detrital zircon
normal to
growth zoning.The graph depicts the presence of a metamorphic
cretaceous rim on an igneous Variscan core. Lines in-between represent
mixing.
Alpine (~28-45 Ma)
Late-Variscan (~270-300 Ma)
Variscan (~300-350 Ma)
Caledonian (~390-490 Ma)
Cadomian (~540-660 Ma)
Orogenies
Figure 2.U-Pb age data from modern river
sediment with catchments in the Ticino and Toce
subdomes (Figure 4).The vertical nature of these
deposits allows some confidence that the source
rock being eroded during the late Oligocene and
early Miocene was similar to modern exposures.
Figures from Malusa et al.(2008).
Figure 1.(A) Map depicting the location of
samples MA7 and MA9 within the Macigno
Formation.The samples were collected ~2 km
apart from one another.(B) Stratigraphic section
depicting the vertical nature of the strata
indicating that 2km of horizontal distance is
equivalent to ~2km of stratigraphic thickness.
These figures represent our attempt to provide
temporal as well as spatial constraints on many of
the sampled
units.
D. Rubatto et al. / Earth and Planetary Science Letters 167 (1999) 141–158
nc
e
Table 2
U, Th and Pb SHRIMP zircon data of the eclogite MUC5 and the metagranite MUC10 from Monte Mucrone; the analyses of the zircon
rims in eclogite MUC5 yield the age of the Alpine HP metamorphic event
Spot name U Th Th=U Pb* Common TW diagram Concordia diagram Age CL
(ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Pb 206
Pb=238
U domain
)aM()%(
Uncorrected Uncorrected 207Pb=235U 206Pb=238U
207
Pb=206
Pb 238
U=206
Pb
Eclogite MUC5: cores
15.1 429 125 0.29 19 0.40 0.055 š 1 22.6 š 5 0.32 š 1 0.044 š 1 279 š 12 sector
19.2 360 64 0.18 15 2.80 0.077 š 1 21.6 š 5 0.34 š 2 0.045 š 1 283 š 12 (sector)
13.1 211 66 0.31 9 0.70 0.058 š 2 22.7 š 6 0.30 š 2 0.044 š 1 276 š 16 sector
22.1 297 107 0.36 13 0.30 0.055 š 1 22.3 š 5 0.31 š 2 0.045 š 1 282 š 12 sector
3.1 263 45 0.17 11 0.90 0.060 š 2 21.6 š 6 0.34 š 2 0.046 š 1 290 š 16 sector
1.1 553 216 0.39 27 0.25 0.055 š 1 21.0 š 5 0.34 š 1 0.047 š 1 299 š 14 sector
Eclogite MUC5: rims
19.1 145 0.45 < 0.01 1 6.50 0.107 š 9 91 š 4 0.05 š 2 0.0103 š 5 66.0 š 6.2 cloudy
13.2 119 0.56 < 0.01 1 38.00 0.39 š 2 60 š 3 0.08 š 4 0.0104 š 6 66.8 š 7.4 unzoned
25.1 69 0.36 < 0.01 1 27.00 0.29 š 2 70 š 3 0.07 š 4 0.0105 š 6 67.0 š 7.4 unzoned
24.1 118 0.01 < 0.01 1 8.50 0.125 š 9 94 š 4 0.07 š 1 0.0100 š 3 63.8 š 4.2 unzoned
A
B
Figure 3.(A) Cretaceous
metamorphic rims on igneous
Variscan cores from the
Sesia-Lanzo eclogites (Figure 4;
main map) of the west-central
Alps (Images from Rubatto et al.,
1999).(B) U-Pb data from Rubatto
et al.(1999).
Contact information:L.Dafov- lauradafov@gmail.com; O.Anfinson- anfinson@jsg.utexas.edu;
M.Malusá- marco.malusa@unimib.it; D.Stockli- stockli@jsg.utexas.edu
Citations:
Garzanti,E.; Malusà,M.April 2008.The Oligocene Alps:Domal unroofing and drainage development
during early orogenic growth.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,v.268 (3),p.487-500.
Rubatto,D.; Gebauer,D.; Compagnoni,R.1999.Dating of eclogite-facies zircons:the age of Alpine
metamorphism in the Sesia–Lanzo Zone (Western Alps).Earth and Planetary Science Letters,v.167
(3),p.141-158.
5(a). 5(b).
4.
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Temperature(C)
Age (Ma)
All Apennnine Samples-
Titanium in Zircon Thermometer
Ti vs Age
11.
10.
a. b. c.
9.
-Based on previous
publications,the Lepontine
dome has hotter crystalization
temperatures than the Sezia-
Lanzo.Therefore we will apply
Titanium trace element
analyses (as shown in Fig.11),
specifically on Cretaceous,
Variscan,and Caledonian zircon grains from the Aveto formation
to determine their crystallization temperatures.
-Temperature data and types of environment in which zircon
grains crystallized will provide further constraints on provenance,
particularly for the Aveto formation.
-We will also conduct (U-Th)/He thermochronologic analyses on
all samples to add exhumation rate constraints on source
regions.Samples and ages of particular interest are those in the
Aveto formation and of Cretaceous,Variscan,and Caledonian
ages,respectively.
1.
3.
2.
8.