The document summarizes the history of the Bengali Language Movement in Bangladesh that started after Pakistan declared Urdu as the sole national language in 1947. Major events included protests by students and intellectuals in Dhaka University that grew into a mass movement. In 1952, police opened fire on protesting students on February 21st, killing several. This led to February 21st being commemorated as Language Martyrs Day. The movement was significant as it laid the foundation for Bangladesh's liberation war and ultimately led to the recognition of Bengali as an official language of Pakistan in 1956.

1. Shahidul©2009
LANGUAGE MOVEMENT
Presented By :
MD.Shahidul Islam
ID : 163015024
Department of CSE
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2. Content 2
 Primitive Stageof LanguageMovement
 Major CausesBehind TheMovement
 Consequenceandsignificance

3. Primitive Stageof LanguageMovement:
 The question about the issue of state
language was raised immediately after
the creation of Pakistan.
 The central government of Pakistan
forcedly declared “Urdu” as the only
state language.
 The intellectuals & people of all
classes started to raise their voice & it
soon converted into a mass
movement.
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4. Major CausesBehind TheMovement
 Social& Culturalcauses:
 Languageis the crucial part of anyculture.
 “Urdu” Failedto represent our culture.
 Political Causes:
 Banglamust be lifted to achievefreedom in real sense.
 Domination of any alien languageis the worst kind of
domination.
 Themistake became aweapon.
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5. Major Events of LanguageMovement:
 1947:
 Dr.ZiauddinAhmed, a former Vice-Chancellor of theAligarh
University of India Suggestedthat “Urdu” Should be the state
language of Pakistan.
 At the sametime Dr.Md. Shahidullah, a noted Bengali
linguistic from Dhaka University opposed.
 May 17 Muslim Leagueleaders announced inHyderabad,
India, that Urdu will become the only State language of the
future state of Pakistan.
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6. Major Events of LanguageMovement
1947 :
September 15 :
 Tamaddun Majlish published a pamphlet.
“Pakistaner Rashtrobhasha Bangla na
Urdu?”
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7. Major Events of LanguageMovement
1947 :
December6 :
Teachers& students of the University of Dhakademanded Banglaas
an official Language
December30:
First “Rashtrobhasha Sangram Parishad” was formed by
Tamaddun’s Professor Nurul HaqueBhuiyan
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8. Major Events of LanguageMovement: 8
March 21:
Md. Ali Jinnah,the
Governor General of Pakistan, Declared,
“Urdu and only Urdu” as the state
language of Pakistan in Ramna
Racecourse (Suhrawardy Uddan), Dhaka,
East Pakistan.

9. Major Events of LanguageMovement: 9
1948:
March 24: Again Jinnah Declared, “Urdu and only Urdu”
as the only state language of
Pakistan in Curzon hall. Then the present students
protested by crying out collectively “no, no” in loudvoice.

10. Major Events of LanguageMovement: 10
1949:
June23:
Aami Muslim Leaguewasformed by
MwaulanaAbdul Hamid KhanBhashani.

11. Major Events of LanguageMovement: 11
1950:
Liaquat Ali Khan declared, “ Urdu and only Urdu
will be the state Languageof Pakistan

12. Major Events of LanguageMovement:
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1952:
January26: Nazimuddin declared “Only Urdu” as the state language in
Paltan Maidan, Dhaka. This enraged the people of East
Pakistan.
February4: Adbul Matin formed “Dhaka University’s State Language
Committee” in Language protest. Shorbodolio Kendrio
Rashtrobhasha Kormi Porishod decided to declare
February 21 as the day for strikes throughout the province
terming
the day as “Bhasha Dibosh” (Language Day). Gaziul Haq
and Adbul Matin led studentprocession.

13. Major Events of LanguageMovement: 13
1952:
February20:
Section 144, banning all processions &
meetings for the next 30days.
February 21:
At nine o'clock in the morning,
students began gathering on the
Dhaka University premises in
defiance of Section 144.
Police opened fire and killed a
number of students, including Abdus
Salam, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed, Barkat
and Abdul Jabbar.

14. Consequenceand significance:
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- Decided to commemorate 21 February as Shohid Dibosh by the
Shorbodolio Kendrio Rahstrobhasha Kormi Porishod.
- February 29, 1956:
- Recognition made on the constitution that “The state language of
Pakistanshall be Urdu and Bengali.” 214 (1).
- Thismovement laid amajor foundation of our liberation war.

15. Consequenceandsignificance:
- Finally, 17 November, 1999, the UNESCO General
Convenience recognized 21 February as International
Mother LanguageDay.
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QUERIES..??????
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17. FOR LISTENING ME…….
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