The document summarizes the Language Movement in Bangladesh that started in 1947 when the central government of Pakistan declared Urdu as the sole official language, despite Bengali being the dominant language. This led to widespread protests from intellectuals and the people of East Pakistan. On February 21, 1952, police opened fire on protesting students at Dhaka University, killing several students who had been advocating for the recognition of Bengali. This event galvanized the movement and February 21st is now commemorated annually in Bangladesh in remembrance of those who died. The movement highlighted cultural and linguistic grievances in East Pakistan and helped lay the foundation for the country's liberation war in 1971.

1. Content:
#Primitive stage of Language movement
#Major causes behind the movement
#Consequence and significance
Language Movement

2. Primitive stage of Language movement
# The question about the issue of state language was raised
immediatelyafter the creation of Pakistan.
#The central govt.of Pakistan forcedly declared “Urdu”asthe
onlystate language.
#The intellectuals &people of all classes started to raise their
voice &it soon converted into amass movement.

3. Major causes behind the movement
⚫Social and cultural causes
1. Language is the crucial part of anyculture.
2. Urdu failed to represent our culture.
⚫ Political causes
1. Bangla must belifted to achieve freedom in real sense.
2. Domination of any alien language is the worst kind of
domination.

4. Major events of Language movement
⚫Dr. ZiauddinAhmedaformer VCoftheAligarhUniversityof
Indiasuggested that Urdu should be the state language of
Pakistan
⚫All the same time Dr. Md.Shahidullah a noted Bengali
Linguistic from Dhaka Universityopposed.
⚫May17Muslim League leaders announced in Hyderabad India
that Urdu will become the onlyState language of the future
state of Pakistan.

5. Major events of Language movement
1947:September 15
⚫Tamaddun Majlish published apamplet “PakistanerRastrobhasha
Bangla naUrdu?”
Students gathering on a road in Dhaka University

6. Major events of Language movement
⚫1947:
⚫December 6:
Teachers &students of the University of Dhaka demanded
Bangla as an official language
⚫December 30:
First “Rashtrobhasha Sangram Parishad” was formed by
Tamaddun’s Professor Nurul Haque Bhuiyan.

7. Major events of Language movement
1948
March 21:
Md.Ali Jinnah,the Governor ofPakistan, declared,
“Urdu and only Urdu”as the state languageof Pakistan in Ramna
Racecourse(Suhrawardy Uddan), Dhaka,East Pakistan.
March24:Again Jinnah declared,”Urdu and only Urdu”asthe
only state language of Pakistan in Curzon hall.Then the
present protested bycrying out collectively”no,no‘ in loud
voice

8. Major events of Language movement
1952:
February 20:
Section 144,banning all processions &meetings for the next
30 days.
February 21:
At nine o’clock in the morning students began gathering on
the Dhaka University premises in defiance of section144.
Police opened fire and killeda number of students, including
Salam,Rafiq,Barkat and Jabbar.

9. Consequence and Significance
⚫Decided to commemorate21 February as “ShohidDibosh” by
the Shorbodolio Kendrio Rastrobhasha Kormi Porishod.
⚫February 29, 1956:
Recognition made on the constitution that “The state
language of Pakistan shall be Urdu Bengali”214(1).
This movement laid amajor foundation of our liberation war.