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D E R B Y S H I R E L A N G U A G E S C H E M E A N D
L A N G U A G E S T E P S I C W S
B L A N K , R O S E A N D B E R L I N
Language Assessment
Information Carrying Words (ICWs)
 The concept of Information Carrying Words (ICWs)
was devised by Knowles and Massidlover (1978) and
underpins the Derbyshire Language Scheme and
Language Steps (Amanda Armstrong, Stass
Publications).
Number of ICWs understood Age equivalent
2 2 years
3 3 years
4 4 years
Children lets stop playing now, tidy up and go
inside to the quiet room for a very special story”
Information Carrying Words (ICWs)
Information Carrying Words
Vocabulary
 Object names (Nouns)
 Action names (Verbs)
 Adjectives (Adjectives)
 Requires semantic (meanings) and phonological (sounds)
knowledge
 Vocabulary size at age 6 = 2 500 – 5 000
 Learn 8 new words/day from 18mths – 6 yrs
 Storage
 Word meanings
 Sounds in words
 Associated information
 Vocabulary size has been directly linked to reading
comprehension
Concepts
•Words that describe
a characteristic (e.g. colour, size, shape)
time (e.g. before, first, yesterday)
position (e.g. over, under)
Difficult as they’re abstract and meaning can change
Lots of relevant, multi sensory experiences in lots
of contexts with lots of repetition
Told words as s/he experiences what they mean
Use concept check list
One at a time
Need to use it
0 ICWs
 No choice.
 The child has something, an adult gestures to ‘come
here’ or points to the item and says ‘Give me that’
 Only dolly available on the table and adult says ‘Give
me dolly’ or ‘Show me dolly’
One ICWs
 This is where there is only one word in a phrase or short sentence
which the child has to understand to follow an instruction.
 “Pass me the scissors” when there is a choice of scissors, pencils and
paper
 “Where’s the book?” when there is a choice of book, key and monkey
 “Wash dolly?” when there is a choice of washing dolly or teddy
 “Where’s your nose?” when there is a choice of other body parts
 If there is a choice of dolly and a brush, then saying ‘Brush dolly’s
hair’ contains no key words because there are no alternative choices
and ‘brush’ is the natural thing to do.
 This is where there are
two words in a sentence
that have to be
understood for the child
to follow the instruction
accurately.
 ‘Put teddy on the
chair’ when there is a
choice of teddy or dolly
and chair or table
Two ICWs
 Wash teddy’s ears’ when there is a choice of teddy or
dolly and a range of body parts (ear, feet, face, nose
etc)
Three ICWs
 At a three key word level you can start to introduce
concepts such as ‘under’ and ‘big/little’.
 ‘Put big cat in the car’ when there is a choice of a big cat,
a small cat, a big dog and a small dog, a car and a boat
 ‘Give Lucy the small crayon’ with a choice of Lucy or
Kate, a small and big crayon and a small and big felt tip
Four ICWs
 At a four key word level you can introduce colours and more
complex position words such as ‘behind’ and ‘next to’.
 ‘Give Alice the big red brick’ with a choice of Alice or Matthew,
and red/blue/yellow bricks and cars which are big and small
 ‘Put Sponge Bob in the box and Barbie in the house’, where
there is a choice of Sponge Bob/Barbie/cow/Bagpuss and
box/house/basket
 ‘Put the car behind the big tree’ with a choice of car/lorry,
big/small tree, big/small house and different options for
position (e.g. behind/next to/on).
BLANK LEVELS
Level 1
Little language processing required/direct matching
of language to perception/activity
Level 2
Child begins to focus on parts of what is before them.
(Language development – concepts, object function,
organisation of vocabulary)
Level 3
Child uses material to help organise language to provide
an appropriate response.
(Language development – narrative skills,
understanding of emotions)
Level 4
The materials provide the stimulus for the
discussion. At this level they start to problem
solve. Only 60% of 5 year olds can cope with level
4 questions
Label “What’s is this?”
Locate “Where’s the mouse?”
Level I Concrete Language
Level II Characteristics
 Describe
 Talk about:
shape
size
colour
 Finish the phrase
“Where was the mouse going?”
“What was the wood like?”
Level III More Abstract
 Information is based on materials but not explicit
 Recall
 Make judgements
 Predict “What will happen next?”
“How does the owl feel now?”
“Tell me about the story”
Level IV Most Abstract
 Explaining/ Why “Why did the gruffalo run away?”
 Reasoning/Inferencing “Why does the mouse want to
scare the gruffalo”
Age Level I Level II Level III Level IV
3 years 95% 35% 30% 30%
4 years 95% 60% 60% 50%
5 years 95% 75% 70% 60%
Visual Support
Gesture
Makaton
Pictures
Language learning does not happen in isolation,
it takes place within meaningful everyday interactions
with adults and peers.

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language assessment (icws) for childrens

  • 1. D E R B Y S H I R E L A N G U A G E S C H E M E A N D L A N G U A G E S T E P S I C W S B L A N K , R O S E A N D B E R L I N Language Assessment
  • 2. Information Carrying Words (ICWs)  The concept of Information Carrying Words (ICWs) was devised by Knowles and Massidlover (1978) and underpins the Derbyshire Language Scheme and Language Steps (Amanda Armstrong, Stass Publications).
  • 3. Number of ICWs understood Age equivalent 2 2 years 3 3 years 4 4 years
  • 4. Children lets stop playing now, tidy up and go inside to the quiet room for a very special story” Information Carrying Words (ICWs)
  • 6. Vocabulary  Object names (Nouns)  Action names (Verbs)  Adjectives (Adjectives)  Requires semantic (meanings) and phonological (sounds) knowledge
  • 7.  Vocabulary size at age 6 = 2 500 – 5 000  Learn 8 new words/day from 18mths – 6 yrs  Storage  Word meanings  Sounds in words  Associated information  Vocabulary size has been directly linked to reading comprehension
  • 8. Concepts •Words that describe a characteristic (e.g. colour, size, shape) time (e.g. before, first, yesterday) position (e.g. over, under) Difficult as they’re abstract and meaning can change
  • 9. Lots of relevant, multi sensory experiences in lots of contexts with lots of repetition Told words as s/he experiences what they mean Use concept check list One at a time Need to use it
  • 10. 0 ICWs  No choice.  The child has something, an adult gestures to ‘come here’ or points to the item and says ‘Give me that’  Only dolly available on the table and adult says ‘Give me dolly’ or ‘Show me dolly’
  • 11. One ICWs  This is where there is only one word in a phrase or short sentence which the child has to understand to follow an instruction.  “Pass me the scissors” when there is a choice of scissors, pencils and paper  “Where’s the book?” when there is a choice of book, key and monkey  “Wash dolly?” when there is a choice of washing dolly or teddy  “Where’s your nose?” when there is a choice of other body parts  If there is a choice of dolly and a brush, then saying ‘Brush dolly’s hair’ contains no key words because there are no alternative choices and ‘brush’ is the natural thing to do.
  • 12.  This is where there are two words in a sentence that have to be understood for the child to follow the instruction accurately.  ‘Put teddy on the chair’ when there is a choice of teddy or dolly and chair or table Two ICWs
  • 13.  Wash teddy’s ears’ when there is a choice of teddy or dolly and a range of body parts (ear, feet, face, nose etc)
  • 14. Three ICWs  At a three key word level you can start to introduce concepts such as ‘under’ and ‘big/little’.  ‘Put big cat in the car’ when there is a choice of a big cat, a small cat, a big dog and a small dog, a car and a boat  ‘Give Lucy the small crayon’ with a choice of Lucy or Kate, a small and big crayon and a small and big felt tip
  • 15. Four ICWs  At a four key word level you can introduce colours and more complex position words such as ‘behind’ and ‘next to’.  ‘Give Alice the big red brick’ with a choice of Alice or Matthew, and red/blue/yellow bricks and cars which are big and small  ‘Put Sponge Bob in the box and Barbie in the house’, where there is a choice of Sponge Bob/Barbie/cow/Bagpuss and box/house/basket  ‘Put the car behind the big tree’ with a choice of car/lorry, big/small tree, big/small house and different options for position (e.g. behind/next to/on).
  • 16. BLANK LEVELS Level 1 Little language processing required/direct matching of language to perception/activity Level 2 Child begins to focus on parts of what is before them. (Language development – concepts, object function, organisation of vocabulary)
  • 17. Level 3 Child uses material to help organise language to provide an appropriate response. (Language development – narrative skills, understanding of emotions) Level 4 The materials provide the stimulus for the discussion. At this level they start to problem solve. Only 60% of 5 year olds can cope with level 4 questions
  • 18. Label “What’s is this?” Locate “Where’s the mouse?” Level I Concrete Language
  • 19. Level II Characteristics  Describe  Talk about: shape size colour  Finish the phrase “Where was the mouse going?” “What was the wood like?”
  • 20. Level III More Abstract  Information is based on materials but not explicit  Recall  Make judgements  Predict “What will happen next?” “How does the owl feel now?” “Tell me about the story”
  • 21. Level IV Most Abstract  Explaining/ Why “Why did the gruffalo run away?”  Reasoning/Inferencing “Why does the mouse want to scare the gruffalo”
  • 22. Age Level I Level II Level III Level IV 3 years 95% 35% 30% 30% 4 years 95% 60% 60% 50% 5 years 95% 75% 70% 60%
  • 24. Language learning does not happen in isolation, it takes place within meaningful everyday interactions with adults and peers.