The document outlines various laboratory techniques and equipment essential for immunology and applied research, including methods for agglutination, electrophoresis, and immunoassays. It details laboratory glassware types and uses, such as beakers, graduated cylinders, and volumetric flasks, along with their respective purposes in experiments. Additionally, it emphasizes safety equipment like goggles and aprons as crucial for lab work.

1. Lab Ware
Khursheed Javaid
Lecturer
Department of Immunology

2. Detail of topics in Clinical, Diagnostic Immunology and Applied Research
Lab ware
Agglutination
Precipitation
Electrophoresis, Immuno-electrophoresis
and related techniques
Western blotting
Labelled Immunoassays (ELIA and RIA)
PCR, RNAi, microarray,
Quality Control
Production of Chimeric and Hybrid
Monoclonal Antibodies
Immunization, Vaccines, Methods of vaccine
production,
Transplantation
HLA Typing, MLR
Role of the Major Histocompatibility
Complex in Mate Choice
Hypersensitivity and Allergy Diagnosis
Autoimmunity

3. Lab Items
• Instruments
• Chemicals and reagents
• Lab ware

4. Lab Ware
• Laboratory glassware refers to a variety of objects used in scientific
work
• Types/Classification:
Based on material: Glass/plastic
Based on use: To deliver/To contain/To measure
Tolerance:
Class A – Highest level of accuracy
Class B – General purpose, lower level of accuracy

5. Beakers
• Beakers are used for holding
various chemicals.
• Not for measuring precisely.
• Sizes vary.

6. Graduated Cylinder
• Used to precisely measure the
volume of liquids or run
experiments.
• Read from the meniscus at eye
level.
• Plastic ring always on top if
applicable.
• Sizes vary.

7. Erlenmeyer Flask
• Used to approximately measure
the volume of various liquids.
• Useful for mixing by swirling
• Sizes vary.

8. Florence Flask
• Used to boil liquids.
• Also used to collect gases, if
applicable.
• Sizes vary.

9. Volumetric Flask
• Used to prepare precise standard
solutions.
• They are only good for 1 specific
volume.
• Comes in many sizes

10. Reagent Bottle
• Used to store, transport, or view
reagents such as acids or bases.

11. Dropper and Bottle
• Used to measure out small
amounts of liquids for
experiments.

12. Wash Bottle
• Usually contains deionized water.
• Handy for rinsing glassware and
for dispensing small amounts of
dH2O for chemical reactions.

13. Goggles and Apron
• Used to protect your eyes and
clothing from damage.
• These are a must in lab!!

14. Pipet, Pump, and Bulb
• Used to precisely measure the
volume of liquids in small
amounts.

15. Berol Pipet
• Disposable pipets used to transfer
small amounts of chemicals.
• Graduated pipets can precisely
measure small amounts of
chemicals.

16. Capillary Tubes
• Used to collect liquid through the
process of capillary action.

17. Thank You