Political policy analysis can be retrospective or prospective. Retrospective analysis looks back at why and how a policy was made and if it achieved its goals. Prospective analysis informs new policy formulation by anticipating stakeholder responses. Successful policy influence requires understanding agenda-setting, political opportunities, and stakeholder positions, interests, and power. Stakeholder analysis identifies actors, assesses their resources, and understands their policy stances. Political resources include money, access to decision-makers, expertise, and public support. Strategies target supportive, opposing, and neutral stakeholders. Evidence-based data from various sources informs comprehensive policy analysis.